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Results for "

mitochondrial function

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	Mitochondrial Metabolism (27) Mitophagy (2) Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (1) Adiponectin Receptor (1) Adrenergic Receptor (2) Akt (5) Amino Acid Derivatives (1) AMPK (6) Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (1) Androgen Receptor (1) Antibiotic (1) Apoptosis (31) Atg8/LC3 (2) Autophagy (10) Bacterial (6) Bcl-2 Family (8) Biochemical Assay Reagents (2) Calcium Channel (2) Caspase (8) CCR (1) CD38 (1) CDK (2) ClpP (1) Cytochrome P450 (1) Deubiquitinase (1) DNA/RNA Synthesis (1) Dynamin (1) Endogenous Metabolite (27) Epoxide Hydrolase (1) ERK (5) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (1) Ferroptosis (2) Fluorescent Dye (1) Formyl Peptide Receptor (FPR) (1) GLP Receptor (5) Glutathione S-transferase (1) Glycosidase (1) Hexokinase (1) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (1) HIV (1) HSP (1) IKZF Family (1) Insecticide (2) Insulin Receptor (5) Interleukin Related (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (10) JAK (1) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Lactate Dehydrogenase (1) MAP3K (4) MMP (1) mTOR (1) Na+/K+ ATPase (3) Neuropeptide Y Receptor (2) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (8) Oxidative Phosphorylation (5) P2X Receptor (1) p38 MAPK (5) p62 (2) Parasite (5) PARP (2) Phospholipase (1) PKC (1) Potassium Channel (2) PPAR (7) Pyroptosis (1) Ras (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (19) Reference Standards (1) ROCK (1) ROS Kinase (5) Sirtuin (1) SOD (1) STAT (2) TNF Receptor (1) TRP Channel (1) Tyrosinase (1) Zinc Finger Protein (1) α-synuclein (6)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (38) Cardiovascular Disease (14) Endocrinology (4) Infection (14) Inflammation/Immunology (17) Metabolic Disease (46) Neurological Disease (41)
Oligonucleotides:	Nucleosides and their Analogs (2)

125

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: Mitochondrial Metabolism Mitophagy

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-14771A

Imeglimin hydrochloride 3 Publications Verification EMD 387008 hydrochloride	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin hydrochloride (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-155673

SLU-PP-332	Estrogen Receptor/ERR	Metabolic Disease
SLU-PP-332 is a pan-Estrogen Receptor/ERR agonist with EC₅₀ values of 98, 230 and 430 nM for ERRα, ERRβ and ERRγ, respectively. SLUPP-332 enhances mitochondrial function and cellular respiration in skeletal muscle cell lines. SLU-PP-332 has the potential to study metabolic diseases as well as improve muscle function .

HY-129297

CMPF	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
CMPF can be found in trace constituent of urine and blood. CMPF is a biomarker of type 2 diabetes. CMPF can act on the β cell and induces impaired mitochondrial function. CMPF decreases glucose-induced ATP accumulation, and induces oxidative stress. CMPF reverses hepatic lipid accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice .

HY-D0885

Phosphocreatine 1 Publications Verification Creatine phosphate; Creatinephosphoric acid	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase	Metabolic Disease
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-D0885B

Phosphocreatine disodium 1 Publications Verification Disodium creatine phosphate	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase	Metabolic Disease
Phosphocreatine (disodium) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine (disodium) enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine (disodium) normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine (disodium) provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-D0885D

Phosphocreatine disodium hydrate 1 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase	Metabolic Disease
Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-146287

Zn(BQTC)	DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis	Cancer
Zn(BQTC) is a highly potent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA (nDNA) inhibitor. Zn(BQTC) causes severe damage to the mtDNA and nDNA, sequentially disruptes mitochondrial and nuclear functions. Zn(BQTC) promotes the DNA damage-induced apoptotic signaling pathway. Zn(BQTC) has selectively antiproliferative activity against A549R cells. Zn(BQTC) can be used for researching anticancer .

HY-14771

Imeglimin EMD 387008	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-170488

CM-728	ROS Kinase Bacterial	Infection Cancer
CM-728 is a oxazepine-naphthoquinone that has cytotoxic and bactericidal effect. CM-728 is a human peroxiredoxin-1 inhibitor. CM-728 is an oxidative stressor that affects mitochondrial function .

HY-D0885C

Phosphocreatine dipotassium Creatine phosphate dipotassium; Creatinephosphoric acid dipotassium	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase	Metabolic Disease
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-18705

Azoramide 5 Publications Verification	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species Caspase Bcl-2 Family Mitochondrial Metabolism	Endocrinology
Azoramide is a potent, orally active small-molecule modulator of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Azoramide improves ER protein folding and elevates ER chaperone capacity, which together protects cells against ER stress. Azoramide alleviates PLA2G6 mutant-induced ER stress through modulating unfolded protein response, and enhances the CERB signaling to rescue mitochondrial function, thereby preventing apoptosis of DA neurons. Azoramide has antidiabetic activity .

HY-111475

Mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 1 Publications Verification	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cardiovascular Disease
Mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 is a mitochondrial dynamic modulator. Mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 preserves the mitochondrial function and promotes cellular respiration. Mitochondrial fusion promoter M1 alleviates cardiac and brain damage in rats with cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury .

HY-D1359

Mito Red	Fluorescent Dye	Others
Mito Red is a vital dye and mitochondrial stain that can be used to detect and evaluate mitochondrial function and status. Mito Red accumulates in mitochondria, and its fluorescence intensity is positively correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential. When the mitochondrial membrane potential increases, the fluorescence signal of Mito Red increases .

HY-W751874

Acetyl methylene blue	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease
Acetyl methylene blue can be used to synthesize mitochondrial development stimulators, which can be used for eye diseases related to insufficient mitochondrial function in nerve cells .

HY-169926

AK-4	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
AK-4 is a glucose-lowering agent, acting function as a mitochondrial uncoupler .

HY-134377

Bocidelpar ASP0367; MA-0211	PPAR	Metabolic Disease
Bocidelpar (ASP0367; MA-0211) is a selective, orally active PPARδ modulator. Bocidelpar activates the PPARδ downstream signaling pathway, upregulates the expression of target genes such as ABCA1 and ACAA2. Bocidelpar then promotes fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and mitochondrial biogenesis, and improves mitochondrial dysfunction. Bocidelpar can improve mitochondrial biogenesis and function in muscle cells. Bocidelpar is mainly used in the study of mitochondrial dysfunction diseases such as primary mitochondrial myopathy (PMM) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) .

HY-W452285

Isoplumbagin	Antibiotic Bacterial	Infection Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Isoplumbagin is antimicrobial agent. Isoplumbagin exhibits anticancer activity mainly through modulating mitochondrial dynamics and function .

HY-162515

8-OAc	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
8-OAc is a potent and selective mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex I inhibitor. 8-OAc exhibits cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines .

HY-169728

SID 24785302	Hexokinase	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
SID 24785302 is an inhibitor for hexokinase. SID 24785302 inhibits glycolysis, regulates mitochondrial functions, thereby inhibiting the replication of mutant mtDNA .

HY-172199

THX6	ClpP Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
THX6 is the activator for human mitochondrial protease ClpP with an EC₅₀ of 1.18 μM. THX6 exhibits cytotoxicity in ONC201-resistant cell SU-DIPG-VI with IC₅₀ of 0.13 μM. THX6 inhibits the expression of mitochondrial-related proteins (such as parkin, TFAM, NRF1, SDHA), leads to impaired mitochondrial function. THX6 affects the lipid metabolism in cell membran, and exhibits antitumor potential .

HY-14771S

Imeglimin-d3 EMD 387008-d₃	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin-d₃ (EMD 387008-d₃) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-155555

SCAL-266	Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
SCAL-266 is a potent mitochondrial complex I (CI) inhibitor with IC₅₀ of 0.83 μM. SCAL-266 blocks mitochondrial function, inhibits OCR, induces ROS production, and reduces MMP. SCAL-266 displays a considerable antiproliferation effect against oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-dependent cancer cells .

HY-B0817

Pyridaben	Parasite	Infection
Pyridaben is a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI) acaricide that promotes the formation of damaging oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Pyridaben selectively inhibits complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) with an IC₅₀ value of 2.4 nM (assay sites: rat liver and bovine heart mitochondria). Pyridaben also significantly inhibits rat mitochondrial mtNOS function .

HY-136394R

Diafenthiuron (Standard)	Oxidative Phosphorylation Parasite Mitochondrial Metabolism	Others
Diafenthiuron (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diafenthiuron. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diafenthiuron is a thiourea compound commonly used pesticide. Diafenthiuron inhibits mitochondrial functioning in insect pests .

HY-B1461

Deoxyarbutin	Tyrosinase Apoptosis	Cancer
Deoxyarbutin is an orally active tyrosinase inhibitor that can promote apoptosis of melanoma cells, enhance the vitality of mouse acinar cells, and has skin whitening and anti-tumor activity ^[1][2][3].

HY-P10650

FAM49B (190-198) mouse	Ras	Cancer
FAM49B (190-198) mouse is a peptide fragment of FAM49B. FAM49B is a mitochondria-localized protein that regulates mitochondrial fission. FAM49B regulates mitochondrial function and integrity and tumor progression. FAM49B is also a negative regulator in T cell activation, it acts by repressing GTPase Rac activity and modulating cytoskeleton reorganization .

HY-169652

NPC26	Reactive Oxygen Species AMPK	Cancer
NPC26 is a small molecule mitochondrial disruptor with anti-tumor activity. NPC-26 shows significant anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects on CRC cell lines (HCT-116, DLD-1, and HT-29). NPC26 can damage mitochondrial function, leading to the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the production of reactive oxygen species, ultimately inducing cell death. NPC-26 can kill CRC cells by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway .

HY-113410

3-Methylglutaric acid	Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of **mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species** (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-B0817S

Pyridaben-d13	Parasite	Infection
Pyridaben-d₁₃ is the deuterium labeled Pyridaben . Pyridaben is a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI) acaricide that promotes the formation of damaging oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Pyridaben selectively inhibits complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) with an IC₅₀ value of 2.4 nM (assay sites: rat liver and bovine heart mitochondria). Pyridaben also significantly inhibits rat mitochondrial mtNOS function .

HY-153819

Sperm motility agonist-2	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Endocrinology
Sperm motility agonist-2 (compound 797) is a Sperm motility agonist, that may affect mitochondrial function. Sperm motility agonist-2 can be used in studies of infertility and enhancement of fertility .

HY-111321

Fuscin	Oxidative Phosphorylation CCR HIV Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite	Infection Metabolic Disease
Fuscin, a fungal metabolite, CCR5 receptor antagonist with anti-HIV effects. Fuscin is a respiration and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, and also a mitochondrial SH-dependent transport-linked functions inhibitor .

HY-B0158

Cytidine 4 Publications Verification Cytosine β-D-riboside; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-P10622

SHLP-3	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease Cancer
SHLP-3 is a mitochondrial derived peptide encoded by the 16S ribosomal RNA (MT-RNR2) gene. SHLP-3 increases cell viability and reduces apoptosis in insulinoma NIT-1β cells and human prostate cancer 22Rv1 cells. SHLP-3 increases mitochondrial function and exerts cytoprotective effects by increasing mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), cellular ATP and reducing the ability to produce ROS. SHLP-3 can be used in the study of diabetes and cancer .

HY-B0817R

Pyridaben (Standard)	Parasite	Infection
Pyridaben (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyridaben. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyridaben is a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI) acaricide that promotes the formation of damaging oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Pyridaben selectively inhibits complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) with an IC₅₀ value of 2.4 nM (assay sites: rat liver and bovine heart mitochondria). Pyridaben also significantly inhibits rat mitochondrial mtNOS function .

HY-117071A

Dabuzalgron hydrochloride Ro 115-1240 hydrochloride	Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Endocrinology
Dabuzalgron (Ro 115-1240) hydrochloride is an orally active and selective α-1A adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Dabuzalgron hydrochloride protects against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function .

HY-162363

MD6a	PARP	Neurological Disease
MD6a is a melatonin derivative with inhibitroy activity towards PARP-1, which maintains proteins hemostasis and improves mitochondrial function through TOR/HSF-1 signaling. MD6a a neuroprotective effect .

HY-117071

Dabuzalgron Ro 115-1240	Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Endocrinology
Dabuzalgron (Ro 115-1240) is an orally active and selective α-1A adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Dabuzalgron protects against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function .

HY-125283

IM176OUT05	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Metabolic Disease
IM176OUT05 is a high solubility biguanide. IM176OUT05 activates stem cell metabolism, promotes hair regrowth and increases stemness induction and maintenance during the pluripotent stem cell generation process. IM176OUT0 inhibits mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) activity with an IC₅₀ of 3.2 μM .

HY-145303

DX2-201	Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
DX2-201 is a potent and selective oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 312 nM. DX2-201 has anticancer effects .

HY-141659

CMPD-39 2 Publications Verification	Mitophagy Deubiquitinase	Neurological Disease
CMPD-39 is a selective non-covalent inhibitor of the ubiquitin-specific protease USP30 (IC₅₀=~20 nM), with high selectivity over other DUB family members (1-100 μM). CMPD-39 inhibits the deubiquitinating activity of USP30, enhances the ubiquitination of mitochondrial proteins TOMM20 and SYNJ2BP; thus, CMPD-39 promotes phosphoubuitin accumulation, thereby accelerating mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) and peroxisomal autophagy (pexophagy). CMPD-39 significantly restores impaired mitochondrial function in dopaminergic neurons derived from Parkinson's disease patients .

HY-119725

Tetradifon	Insecticide	Infection
Tetradifon is a broad-spectrum organochlorine insecticide and an inhibitor of the mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP), which can be used to control a variety of mites. Tetradifon inhibits energy-related activities such as ADP-stimulated respiration, DNP and Mg ²⁺-stimulated ATPase, with an IC₅₀ of 4.5-27 nmoL/mg mitochondrial protein. Tetradifon exerts oligomycin-like activity by inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation process, inducing oxidative stress and interfering with bone metabolism. Tetradifon is currently mainly used in the research of mitochondrial function regulation, bone remodeling mechanism and nephrotoxicity of environmental pollutants .

HY-155554

SCAL-255	Mitochondrial Metabolism Oxidative Phosphorylation Reactive Oxygen Species MMP	Cancer
SCAL-255 is a potent mitochondrial complex I (CI) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 1.14 μM. SCAL-255 blocks mitochondrial function, inhibits oxygen consumption rate (OCR), induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and reduces MMP. SCAL-255 can be used in the research of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)-dependent cancers, such as colorectal cancer (CRC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), etc .

HY-B0445B

α-NAD α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide	Others	Others
α-NAD (α-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) serves as a substrate for renalase and functions as an analog of β-NAD, influencing the kinetics of NAD-dependent enzymes, while also playing a crucial role as a cofactor in mitochondrial oxidation-reduction reactions.

HY-149127

Rosolutamide ASC-JM17; ALZ-003	Keap1-Nrf2 Androgen Receptor HSP Mitophagy	Metabolic Disease
Rosolutamide (ASC-JM17), a curcumin analog, is an orally active, potent Nrf1 and Nrf2 activator. Rosolutamide activates Nrf1, Nrf2 and heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1), thereby activating the expression of proteasome subunits, antioxidant enzymes and molecular chaperones. Rosolutamide degrades the polyglutamine (polyQ) androgen receptor (AR) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and improves motor function in mouse models of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). Rosolutamide improves mitochondrial function and promotes autophagy, decreases mutant protein aggregates, and attenuates intracellular/mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels .

HY-148165

L-Cytidine	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog	Neurological Disease
L-Cytidine is an L-configurational form of Cytidine (HY-B0158). L-Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside, a component of RNA. Cytidine can control the glial glutamate cycle, affect brain phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis and mitochondrial function .

HY-B0158S

Cytidine-d2 Cytosine β-D-riboside-d₂; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside-d₂	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Cytidine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Cytidine. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-149677

ZK53	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
ZK53 is a selective activator of mitochondrial caseinolytic protease P (HsClpP) (EC₅₀: 1.37?μM for α-casein hydrolysis by HsClpP). ZK53 is is inactive toward bacterial ClpP proteins. ZK53 induces apoptosis in H1703, H520 and SK-MES-1 cells. ZK53 induces dysregulation of mitochondrial functions in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) cells. ZK53 inhibits tumor growth in H1703 xenograft mouse model .

HY-113410S

3-Methylglutaric acid-d4	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
3-Methylglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of **mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species** (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-113410R

3-Methylglutaric acid (Standard)	Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
3-Methylglutaric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of **mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species** (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-119725R

Tetradifon (Standard)	Reference Standards Insecticide	Infection
Tetradifon (Standard) is the analytical standard of Tetradifon (HY-119725). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Tetradifon is a broad-spectrum organochlorine insecticide and an inhibitor of the mitochondrial oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP), which can be used to control a variety of mites. Tetradifon inhibits energy-related activities such as ADP-stimulated respiration, DNP and Mg ²⁺-stimulated ATPase, with an IC₅₀ of 4.5-27 nmoL/mg mitochondrial protein. Tetradifon exerts oligomycin-like activity by inhibiting the oxidative phosphorylation process, inducing oxidative stress and interfering with bone metabolism. Tetradifon is currently mainly used in the research of mitochondrial function regulation, bone remodeling mechanism and nephrotoxicity of environmental pollutants .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L144

Mitochondrial Protection Compound Library

902 compounds

Normal mitochondrial function is critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis because mitochondria produce ATP and are the major intracellular source of free radicals. Cellular dysfunctions induced by intracellular or extracellular insults converge on mitochondria and induce a sudden increase in permeability on the inner mitochondrial membrane, the so-called mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MMPT). MMPT is caused by the opening of pores in the inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix swelling, and outer membrane rupture. The MMPT is an endpoint to initiate cell death because the pore opening together with the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c activates the apoptotic pathway of caspases.

The normal operation of mitochondrial function is important for maintaining normal cell death and treatment of mitochondrial diseases. MCE offers a unique collection of 902 compounds with identified and potential mitochondrial protective activity. MCE Mitochondrial Protection Compound Library is critical for drug discovery and development.

HY-L155

Mitochondrial Toxicity Compound Library

503 compounds

Mitochondria, as the main place of energy supply in life, is essential to maintain normal life activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with common diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancer. The heart, brain and liver rely heavily on mitochondrial function as the main organs for drug metabolism. In addition, mitochondria is also a target of many drugs, some of which induce organotoxicity by inducing mitochondrial toxicity.

MCE contains 503 mitochondrial toxic compounds, which can be used as tool compounds for drug development and disease mechanism research.

HY-L089

Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library

1,274 compounds

Mitochondria plays an important role in many vital processes in cells, including energy production, fatty-acid oxidation and the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle, calcium signaling, permeability transition, apoptosis and heat production. At present, it is recognized that many diseases are associated with impaired mitochondrial function, such as increased accumulation of ROS and decreased OXPHOS and ATP production. Mitochondria are recognized as one of the most important targets for new drug design in cancer, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases, etc. Some small molecule drugs or biologics can act on mitochondria through various pathways, including ETC inhibition, OXPHOS uncoupling, mitochondrial Ca²⁺ modulation, and control of oxidative stress via decrease or increase of mitochondrial ROS accumulation.

MCE supplies a unique collection of 1,274 mitochondria-targeted compound that mainly targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism, ATP Synthase, Mitophagy, Reactive Oxygen Species, etc. MCE Mitochondria-Targeted Compound Library is a useful tool for mitochondria-targeted drug discovery and related research.

HY-L076

Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library

1,447 compounds

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI; also known as drug-induced hepatotoxicity) is caused by medications (prescription or OTC), herbal and dietary supplements (HDS), or other xenobiotics that result in abnormalities in liver tests or in hepatic dysfunction that cannot be explained by other causes. Drugs are an important cause of liver injury. Drug-induced hepatic injury is the most common reason cited for withdrawal of an approved drug.

DILI is thought to occur via several different mechanisms. Among these are direct impairment of the structural (e.g., mitochondrial dysfunction) and functional integrity of the liver; production of a metabolite that alters hepatocellular structure and function; production of a reactive drug metabolite that binds to hepatic proteins to produce new antigenic drug-protein adducts, which are targeted by hosts’ defenses (the hapten hypothesis); and initiation of a systemic hypersensitivity response (i.e., drug allergy) that damages the liver.

MCE Drug-induced Liver Injury (DILI) Compound Library contains a unique collection of 1,447 hepatotoxicity causing compounds and is a powerful tool to research DILI and other drug toxicities. This library can be used to understand the mechanisms of DILI, identify biomarkers for early DILI prediction, and allow timely recognition during drug development, thus finally achieving successful DILI prevention and assessment in the pre-marketing phase.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-114118F

Semaglutide, FITC labeled

Fluorescent Dyes/Probes

Semaglutide, FITC labeled is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide, FITC labeled promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide, FITC labeled also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide, FITC labeled has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide, FITC labeled can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-D1359

Mito Red	Fluorescent Dyes/Probes
Mito Red is a vital dye and mitochondrial stain that can be used to detect and evaluate mitochondrial function and status. Mito Red accumulates in mitochondria, and its fluorescence intensity is positively correlated with mitochondrial membrane potential. When the mitochondrial membrane potential increases, the fluorescence signal of Mito Red increases .

HY-W751874

Acetyl methylene blue	Dyes
Acetyl methylene blue can be used to synthesize mitochondrial development stimulators, which can be used for eye diseases related to insufficient mitochondrial function in nerve cells .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-W105518

L-Carnitine tartrate

15+ Cited Publications

Biochemical Assay Reagents

L-Carnitine tartrate is a highly polar, small zwitterion. L-Carnitine tartrate is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine tartrate functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine tartrate is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine tartrate can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism ^{[3] ^.}

HY-141582

Ceramide 3

N-Stearoyl phytosphingosine

Drug Delivery

C18 Phytoceramide (t18:0/18:0) (Cer(t18:0/18:0)) is a bioactive sphingolipid found in the stratum corneum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wheat grain, and mammalian epidermis. Cer(t18:0/18:0) consists of a phytosphingosine backbone amine linked to a C18 fatty acid chain. Cer(t18:0/18:0) has the function of regulating apoptosis, cell differentiation, proliferation of smooth muscle cells and inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain. It also suppresses the expression of allergic cytokines IL-4, TNF-α, and transcription factors c-Jun and NF-κB in histone-stimulated mouse skin tissue. Formulations containing cer(t18:0/18:0) have been used as skin protectants in cosmetics as they reduce water loss and prevent epidermal dehydration and irritation.

HY-W105518R

L-Carnitine tartrate (Standard)

Biochemical Assay Reagents

L-Carnitine (tartrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Carnitine (tartrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Carnitine tartrate is a highly polar, small zwitterion. L-Carnitine tartrate is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine tartrate functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine tartrate is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine tartrate can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism ^{[3] ^.}

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P10650

FAM49B (190-198) mouse	Ras	Cancer
FAM49B (190-198) mouse is a peptide fragment of FAM49B. FAM49B is a mitochondria-localized protein that regulates mitochondrial fission. FAM49B regulates mitochondrial function and integrity and tumor progression. FAM49B is also a negative regulator in T cell activation, it acts by repressing GTPase Rac activity and modulating cytoskeleton reorganization .

HY-P10368

P110 heptapeptide	Dynamin Reactive Oxygen Species	Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
P110 heptapeptide is a peptide inhibitor of the Drp1-Fis1 interaction. P110 heptapeptide has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, mitochondrial protective, and neuroprotective activities. Without blocking the physiological functions of Drp1, P110 heptapeptide reduces pathological functions in many models of neurodegeneration, ischemia, and sepsis. P110 heptapeptide can be used for research on neurological and inflammatory diseases .

HY-P10769

MOTS-c (mouse)	AMPK Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease
MOTS-c (mouse) is a mitochondrial-derived polypeptide that can be used to regulates pancreatic cell function. MOTS-c (mouse) reduces insulin secretion and expression in INS-1E cells, and enhances glucagon secretion and expression in αTC-1 cells. MOTS-c (mouse) decreases the apoptosis in INS-1E and αTC-1. MOTS-c (mouse) counteracts diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance through AMPK activation .

HY-P1723

Spexin 1 Publications Verification Neuropeptide Q	Neuropeptide Y Receptor Apoptosis Ferroptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease
Spexin (Neuropeptide Q) is a selective agonist of galanin receptors GAL2 and GAL3, and is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor. Spexin can function through both central and peripheral actions. Spexin upregulates Beclin 1 to inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive autophagy, reduces the uptake of long-chain fatty acids by adipocytes, and regulates energy metabolism by increasing lipid oxidation (e.g., reducing the respiratory exchange ratio in rodents). Spexin improves cardiac function in the Doxorubicin hydrochloride (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity model, protects mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Spexin can be used to study obesity and its related metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardioprotection), and side effects of tumor chemotherapy .

HY-114118B

Semaglutide acetate Maximum Cited Publications 14 Publications Verification	GLP Receptor Insulin Receptor α-synuclein Apoptosis p38 MAPK Autophagy Bcl-2 Family	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Semaglutide acetate is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide acetate promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide acetate also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide acetate has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide acetate can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-114118

Semaglutide Maximum Cited Publications 14 Publications Verification	GLP Receptor Insulin Receptor α-synuclein Apoptosis p38 MAPK Autophagy Bcl-2 Family	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Semaglutide is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-114118A

Semaglutide TFA Maximum Cited Publications 14 Publications Verification	GLP Receptor Insulin Receptor α-synuclein Apoptosis p38 MAPK Autophagy Bcl-2 Family	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Semaglutide TFA is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide TFA promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide TFA also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide TFA has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide TFA can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-114118F

Semaglutide, FITC labeled	GLP Receptor Insulin Receptor α-synuclein Apoptosis p38 MAPK Autophagy Bcl-2 Family	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Semaglutide, FITC labeled is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide, FITC labeled promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide, FITC labeled also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide, FITC labeled has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide, FITC labeled can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-P10622

SHLP-3	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease Cancer
SHLP-3 is a mitochondrial derived peptide encoded by the 16S ribosomal RNA (MT-RNR2) gene. SHLP-3 increases cell viability and reduces apoptosis in insulinoma NIT-1β cells and human prostate cancer 22Rv1 cells. SHLP-3 increases mitochondrial function and exerts cytoprotective effects by increasing mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), cellular ATP and reducing the ability to produce ROS. SHLP-3 can be used in the study of diabetes and cancer .

HY-P1723A

Spexin TFA Neuropeptide Q TFA	Neuropeptide Y Receptor Apoptosis Ferroptosis Autophagy	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
Spexin (Neuropeptide Q) TFA is a selective agonist of galanin receptors GAL2 and GAL3, and is a conserved peptide that functions as a neurotransmitter/neuromodulator and endocrine factor. Spexin TFA can function through both central and peripheral actions. Spexin TFA upregulates Beclin 1 to inhibit ferroptosis induced by excessive autophagy, reduces the uptake of long-chain fatty acids by adipocytes, and regulates energy metabolism by increasing lipid oxidation (e.g., reducing the respiratory exchange ratio in rodents). Spexin TFA improves cardiac function in the Doxorubicin hydrochloride (HY-15142)-induced cardiotoxicity model, protects mitochondrial membrane potential, and reduces iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Spexin TFA can be used to study obesity and its related metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases (e.g., cardioprotection), and side effects of tumor chemotherapy .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-129297

CMPF	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
CMPF can be found in trace constituent of urine and blood. CMPF is a biomarker of type 2 diabetes. CMPF can act on the β cell and induces impaired mitochondrial function. CMPF decreases glucose-induced ATP accumulation, and induces oxidative stress. CMPF reverses hepatic lipid accumulation and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice .

HY-D0885

Phosphocreatine 1 Publications Verification Creatine phosphate; Creatinephosphoric acid	Structural Classification Animals Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-D0885B

Phosphocreatine disodium 1 Publications Verification Disodium creatine phosphate	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase
Phosphocreatine (disodium) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine (disodium) enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine (disodium) normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine (disodium) provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-D0885D

Phosphocreatine disodium hydrate 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Animals Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase
Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) Phosphocreatine (disodium hydrate) provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-B1461

Deoxyarbutin	Structural Classification Natural Products Monophenols other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Other Diseases Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields	Tyrosinase Apoptosis
Deoxyarbutin is an orally active tyrosinase inhibitor that can promote apoptosis of melanoma cells, enhance the vitality of mouse acinar cells, and has skin whitening and anti-tumor activity ^[1][2][3].

HY-113410

3-Methylglutaric acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Disease Research Fields Cardiovascular System Disorder	Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species
3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of **mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species** (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-B0158

Cytidine 4 Publications Verification Cytosine β-D-riboside; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms other families Animals Source classification Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Plants Endogenous metabolite	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-D0885C

Phosphocreatine dipotassium Creatine phosphate dipotassium; Creatinephosphoric acid dipotassium	Structural Classification Animals Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite MAP3K Akt Mitochondrial Metabolism ERK Apoptosis ROS Kinase
Phosphocreatine (creatine phosphate) is an organic compound found in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Phosphocreatine enhances antioxidant activity, and activates the TAK1 pathway to protect the heart. Phosphocreatine normalizing mitochondrial function and reducing oxidative stress via Akt mediated Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Phosphocreatine provides renal protection by suppressing Apoptosis and ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) generation through ERK mediated mediated Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway. .

HY-W452285

Isoplumbagin	Structural Classification Natural Products Lawsonia inermis L. Lythraceae Source classification Plants	Antibiotic Bacterial
Isoplumbagin is antimicrobial agent. Isoplumbagin exhibits anticancer activity mainly through modulating mitochondrial dynamics and function .

HY-111321

Fuscin	Quinones Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Naphthalene Quinones Disease Research Fields	Oxidative Phosphorylation CCR HIV Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Endogenous Metabolite
Fuscin, a fungal metabolite, CCR5 receptor antagonist with anti-HIV effects. Fuscin is a respiration and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, and also a mitochondrial SH-dependent transport-linked functions inhibitor .

HY-113410R

3-Methylglutaric acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder	Na+/K+ ATPase Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species
3-Methylglutaric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of **mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species** (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-W010382

Oxaloacetic acid 2-Oxosuccinic acid	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Other disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Oxaloacetic acid (2-Oxosuccinic acid) is a metabolic intermediate involved in several ways, such as citric acid cycle, gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis, whereby Oxaloacetic acid facilitates the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improves mitochondrial function .

HY-N2673

5-Heptadecylresorcinol 5-n-Heptadecylresorcinol; AR-C17	Structural Classification Gramineae Source classification Secale cereale Phenols Polyphenols Plants	Sirtuin
5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated autophagy. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity .

HY-N7526

Naphthazarin 1 Publications Verification DHNQ; 5,8-Dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	Quinones Structural Classification other families Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Naphthalene Quinones	Apoptosis
Naphthazarin (DHNQ) is a naturally occurring compound. Naphthazarin is effective by various cellular mechanisms including oxidative stress, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), depolymerization of microtubules, interference with lysosomal function and p53-dependent p21 activation. Naphthazarin triggers apoptosis and has anti-tumor effects .

HY-N1282

Seneciphylline	Alkaloids Structural Classification other families Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Compositae Sophora yunnanensis C. Y. Ma Disease Research Fields Cancer	Glutathione S-transferase Cytochrome P450
Seneciphylline is an orally effective hepatotoxic inducer. Seneciphylline is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes into active intermediates, which covalently bind to intracellular biomacromolecules such as proteins and DNA to form adducts, which in turn trigger a series of toxic reactions, such as inducing cell apoptosis and damaging mitochondrial function. Seneciphylline can be used in hepatotoxicity research[1][2].

HY-N0502

Mogroside V 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Cucurbitaceae Metabolic Disease Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang Plants Disease Research Fields Sweeteners Food Research	Reactive Oxygen Species
Mogroside V is a the major active constituent of a traditional Chinese medicine Siraitiae Fructus. Mogroside V reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhances mitochondrial function. Mogroside V has anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Mogroside V can be used for diabetic diseases research .

HY-113884B

(S)-Coriolic acid 13(S)-HODE	Other disease Disease markers Endogenous metabolite	PPAR Mitochondrial Metabolism
(S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury .

HY-W010382R

Oxaloacetic acid (standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Other disease Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species
Oxaloacetic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxaloacetic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxaloacetic acid (2-Oxosuccinic acid) is a metabolic intermediate involved in several ways, such as citric acid cycle, gluconeogenesis, the urea cycle, the glyoxylate cycle, amino acid synthesis, and fatty acid synthesis, whereby Oxaloacetic acid facilitates the clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improves mitochondrial function .

HY-B0399

L-Carnitine Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification (R)-Carnitine; Levocarnitine	Structural Classification Natural Products Neurological Disease Source classification Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Disease Research Fields Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Carnitine ((R)-Carnitine), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism .

HY-B2246

L-Carnitine hydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 16 Publications Verification (R)-Carnitine hydrochloride; Levocarnitine hydrochloride	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine hydrochloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism .

HY-113218

Acetyl-L-carnitine 2 Publications Verification O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR	Structural Classification Natural Products Animals Source classification	Caspase Apoptosis
Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-B0762

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride 2 Publications Verification O-Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride; ALCAR hydrochloride	Alkaloids Structural Classification Other Alkaloids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Caspase Apoptosis
Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-B0158R

Cytidine (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms other families Animals Source classification Disease markers Nervous System Disorder Plants Endogenous metabolite	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite
Cytidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cytidine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function . In Vivo:Cytidine decreases glutamate/glutamine levels and induces earlier improvement of depressive symptoms .

HY-N0502R

Mogroside V (Standard)	Triterpenes Structural Classification Terpenoids Source classification Cucurbitaceae Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang Plants	Reactive Oxygen Species
Mogroside V (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogroside V. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogroside V is a the major active constituent of a traditional Chinese medicine Siraitiae Fructus. Mogroside V reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhances mitochondrial function. Mogroside V has anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Mogroside V can be used for diabetic diseases research .

HY-B0399R

L-Carnitine (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Carnitine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Carnitine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Carnitine ((R)-Carnitine), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism .

HY-B2246R

L-Carnitine (hydrochloride) (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
L-Carnitine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Carnitine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Carnitine hydrochloride ((R)-Carnitine hydrochloride), a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine hydrochloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine hydrochloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine hydrochloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism .

HY-I0501

2'-Aminoacetophenone o-aminoacetophenone	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Apoptosis Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy
2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle .

HY-N9182

Zeaxanthin dipalmitate Physalien	Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Diterpenoids Plants Solanaceae Lycium chinense Miller Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology	Adiponectin Receptor P2X Receptor Autophagy
Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (Physalien) is a wolfberry-derived carotenoid, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate directly interact with p2X7 receptor (K_d=81.2 nM) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1; K_d=533 nM) in a positive dose-dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate restores mitochondrial autophagy functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate can be used in the research of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) .

HY-N5034

Phosphorylethanolamine 3 Publications Verification Monoaminoethyl phosphate; NSC 254167; O-Phosphoethanolamine	Structural Classification Natural Products Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Disease markers Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
Phosphorylethanolamine (Monoaminoethyl phosphate) is a membrane phospholipid and an important precursor of Phosphatidylcholine (HY-B2233B). It is found in most animal tissues and various human extracranial tumors, playing a critical role in membrane integrity, cell division, mitochondrial respiratory function, and more. Studies have shown that changes in the abundance of Phosphorylethanolamine are associated with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Lowering the ratio of Phosphorylethanolamine to Phosphatidylcholine in the liver can improve insulin signaling. Phosphorylethanolamine holds promise for research in the fields of cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases .

HY-N10574

Queuine	Structural Classification Alkaloids Microorganisms Pyrrole Alkaloids Source classification	Bacterial
Queuine is a selective substrate for tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) and can be incorporated into eukaryotic tRNA. Queuine promotes tRNA modification, affecting mitochondrial function and Warburg metabolic phenotype. If Queuine is deficient, aerobic glycolysis can be enhanced, oxidative phosphorylation can be inhibited, and Warburg metabolism can be promoted, accompanied by increased ammonia and lactate production and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Queuine can be used for autoimmune diseases (such as experimental models of multiple sclerosis) and cancer metabolic regulation, and its deficiency is associated with low tRNA modification in tumor cells .

HY-N10574A

Queuine dihydrochloride	Structural Classification Alkaloids Microorganisms Pyrrole Alkaloids Source classification	Others
Queuine dihydrochloride is a selective substrate for tRNA guanine transglycosylase (TGT) and can be incorporated into eukaryotic tRNA. Queuine dihydrochloride promotes tRNA modification, affecting mitochondrial function and Warburg metabolic phenotype. If Queuine dihydrochloride is deficient, aerobic glycolysis can be enhanced, oxidative phosphorylation can be inhibited, and Warburg metabolism can be promoted, accompanied by increased ammonia and lactate production and increased lactate dehydrogenase activity. Queuine dihydrochloride can be used for autoimmune diseases (such as experimental models of multiple sclerosis) and cancer metabolic regulation, and its deficiency is associated with low tRNA modification in tumor cells .

HY-I0501R

2'-Aminoacetophenone (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification	Bacterial Apoptosis Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy
2'-Aminoacetophenone (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Aminoacetophenone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2'-Aminoacetophenone is an orally active inducer of apoptosis and respiratory biomarker. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can be used to detect Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can inhibit the protein levels of LC3BII and p62 in macrophages infected with pqsA or mvfR and regulate autophagy. 2'-Aminoacetophenone can disrupt mitochondrial function by inducing oxidative stress and apoptosis signaling, leading to dysfunction in mouse skeletal muscle .

HY-N2424

Flavone 2-Phenyl-4-chromone	Structural Classification Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	CDK Apoptosis Caspase
Flavone is an anti-tumor compound that targets cell cycle regulatory proteins (such as cyclin B1) and apoptosis-related factors (such as p21_waf1, PIG3). Flavone selectively induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathways in tumor cells, inhibits cyclin B1 protein expression, upregulates p21_waf1, and activates p63/p73 proteins. Flavone has immunomodulatory functions that enhance natural killer cell (NK cell) activity and lymphocyte proliferation. Flavone is used in cancer research, especially for its inhibitory potential in solid tumor models such as esophageal cancer and liver cancer .

HY-153169

6PPD-Q 1 Publications Verification 6PPD-Quinone	Quinones Structural Classification Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Source classification Other Diseases Benzene Quinones Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	α-synuclein
6PPD-Q (6PPD-Quinone) is an environmental pollutant that can be detected in human urine and is widely present in the environment. 6PPD-Q targets and binds to CNR2, CNR1, AA2AR, LCAT, and TRPA1, with CNR2 exhibiting the highest binding affinity, potentially acting as a CNR2 receptor agonist to activate cannabinoid receptors. 6PPD-Q induces intestinal inflammation and barrier damage by disrupting mitochondrial function, reducing neuronal glycolysis metabolites and TCA cycle intermediates, and exacerbating α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation. 6PPD-Q is applicable in research on environmental toxicology, neurodegenerative diseases, and inflammation-related disorders .

HY-N6850

Calenduloside E 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Other Diseases Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Araliaceae	Apoptosis Pyroptosis AMPK Bcl-2 Family JAK STAT Calcium Channel Interleukin Related TNF Receptor SOD Reactive Oxygen Species PPAR
Calenduloside E is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin that can be extracted from the bark and roots of Aralia ovata, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Calenduloside E alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization, improves mitochondrial function by regulating the AMPK-SIRT3 pathway, and alleviates acute liver injury. In addition, Calenduloside E promotes the interaction between L-type calcium channels and Bcl-2 related apoptosis genes, inhibits calcium overload, and alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Calenduloside E also improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating heat shock-dependent pathways, and inhibits ROS mediated JAK1-STAT3 pathways to reduce cellular inflammatory responses .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0158S

Cytidine-d2
Cytidine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Cytidine. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-B0158S6

Cytidine-15N3
Cytidine- ¹⁵N₃ is the ¹⁵N labeled Cytidine . Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-14771S

Imeglimin-d3
Imeglimin-d₃ (EMD 387008-d₃) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-B0817S

Pyridaben-d13

Pyridaben-d₁₃ is the deuterium labeled Pyridaben . Pyridaben is a mitochondrial electron transport inhibitor (METI) acaricide that promotes the formation of damaging oxygen and nitrogen radicals. Pyridaben selectively inhibits complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) with an IC₅₀ value of 2.4 nM (assay sites: rat liver and bovine heart mitochondria). Pyridaben also significantly inhibits rat mitochondrial mtNOS function .

HY-113410S

3-Methylglutaric acid-d4

3-Methylglutaric acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 3-Methylglutaric acid (HY-113410). 3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na ⁺, K ⁺-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration .

HY-13956A

(R)-Pioglitazone-d1
(R)-Pioglitazone-d1 ((R)-U 72107-d1) is a stabilized and deuterated R-enantiomer of pioglitazone, exhibiting pharmacological properties that are beneficial for NASH treatment, including modulation of mitochondrial function, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory effects, and glucose-lowering capabilities.

HY-B0158S5

Cytidine-13C9,15N3
Cytidine- ¹³C₉, ¹⁵N₃ is the ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Cytidine . Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-117727S

Leriglitazone-d4

Leriglitazone-d₄ (MIN-102-d₄; Hydroxypioglitazone-d₄) is deuterium labeled Leriglitazone. Leriglitazone is an orally active and a BBB-penetrable PPARγ agonist with an EC₅₀ of 9 μM. Leriglitazone, as a regulator of mitochondrial function, has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Leriglitazone can be used in the study of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases .

HY-B0158S8

Cytidine-d13
Cytidine-d13 (Cytosine β-D-riboside-d13; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside-d13) is deuterium labeled Cytidine (HY-B0158). Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-B2246S

L-Carnitine-d9 chloride

L-Carnitine-d₉ (chloride)e is the deuterium labeled L-Carnitine chloride. L-Carnitine chloride, a highly polar, small zwitterion, is an essential co-factor for the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway. L-Carnitine chloride functions to transport long chain fatty acyl-CoAs into the mitochondria for degradation by β-oxidation. L-Carnitine chloride is an antioxidant. L-Carnitine chloride can ameliorate metabolic imbalances in many inborn errors of metabolism .

HY-B0158S7

Cytidine-13C9
Cytidine- ¹³C9 (Cytosine β-D-riboside- ¹³C9; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside- ¹³C9) is ¹³C labeled Cytidine (HY-B0158). Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-B0762S

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d3 hydrochloride

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃ (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (HY-B0762). Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-B0762S1

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d3-1 hydrochloride

Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃-1 (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine-d₃-1) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (HY-B0762). Acetyl-L-carnitine (O-Acetyl-L-carnitine; ALCAR) hydrochloride is an orally active mitochondrial energy metabolism regulator and neuroprotectant that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride selectively enters cells and the brain through the organic cation transporter OCTN2. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride can participate in fatty acid β-oxidation, promote acetylcholine synthesis, regulate mitochondrial function and inhibit oxidative stress as an acetyl donor. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride exerts its activity by enhancing energy metabolism, protecting neurons and improving synaptic plasticity. Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorder-related diseases such as neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage, Alzheimer's disease, and depression .

HY-114118S3

Semaglutide-13C6,15N TFA

Semaglutide- ¹³C₆, ¹⁵N TFA is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Semaglutide TFA (HY-114118A). Semaglutide TFA is a long-acting, selective, competitive, orally active GLP-1R agonist that can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. After activating GLP-1R, Semaglutide TFA promotes insulin secretion, inhibits gastric emptying and appetite, and at the same time enhances autophagy, inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis. Semaglutide TFA also regulates mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism (such as reducing de novo lipogenesis in the liver). Semaglutide TFA has activities such as lowering blood sugar, reducing weight, neuroprotection (such as improving motor function in Parkinson's disease models, reducing α-synuclein aggregation) and improving hepatic steatosis. Semaglutide TFA can be used for the study of neurodegenerative diseases and liver diseases such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, Parkinson's disease, metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), and cancer .

HY-141582S

Ceramide 3-d3

Ceramide 3-d₃ (N-Stearoyl phytosphingosine-d₃) is deuterium labeled Ceramide 3. C18 Phytoceramide (t18:0/18:0) (Cer(t18:0/18:0)) is a bioactive sphingolipid found in the stratum corneum of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, wheat grain, and mammalian epidermis. Cer(t18:0/18:0) consists of a phytosphingosine backbone amine linked to a C18 fatty acid chain. Cer(t18:0/18:0) has the function of regulating apoptosis, cell differentiation, proliferation of smooth muscle cells and inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain. It also suppresses the expression of allergic cytokines IL-4, TNF-α, and transcription factors c-Jun and NF-κB in histone-stimulated mouse skin tissue. Formulations containing cer(t18:0/18:0) have been used as skin protectants in cosmetics as they reduce water loss and prevent epidermal dehydration and irritation .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-B0158

Cytidine 4 Publications Verification Cytosine β-D-riboside; Cytosine-1-β-D-ribofuranoside		Nucleosides and their Analogs
Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function .

HY-148165

L-Cytidine		Nucleosides and their Analogs
L-Cytidine is an L-configurational form of Cytidine (HY-B0158). L-Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside, a component of RNA. Cytidine can control the glial glutamate cycle, affect brain phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis and mitochondrial function .

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