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Results for "

Glutamate receptors

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	EAAT (5) iGluR (134) mGluR (113) 5-HT Receptor (2) Akt (7) AP-1 (1) Apoptosis (40) Autophagy (1) Bacterial (5) Bcl-2 Family (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (1) Calcium Channel (17) Calmodulin (2) Caspase (2) CaSR (2) Chloride Channel (2) Cholinesterase (ChE) (3) CXCR (5) Cytochrome P450 (3) DNA/RNA Synthesis (1) Dopamine Receptor (2) Endogenous Metabolite (83) ERK (2) Ferroptosis (16) Fungal (2) GABA Receptor (15) Glycine Receptor (GlyR) (1) GPR35 (5) HIV (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (28) Lipoxygenase (1) Mitochondrial Metabolism (1) MMP (5) nAChR (1) Neuropeptide Y Receptor (1) NF-κB (6) Opioid Receptor (7) Parasite (2) PERK (1) Phosphodiesterase (PDE) (2) Phytohormone (2) PI3K (5) PKC (2) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (3) Reference Standards (28) Sigma Receptor (1) Src (1) Trk Receptor (2) VEGFR (2)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (21) Cardiovascular Disease (8) Endocrinology (5) Infection (5) Inflammation/Immunology (24) Metabolic Disease (28) Neurological Disease (240)
Click Chemistry:	Alkynes (1)
Oligonucleotides:	Fillers (1) Nucleotide Analogs (1)

296

Inhibitors & Agonists

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Click Chemistry

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GLDH) mGluR iGluR EAAT

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-W141876

DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid	Bacterial	Others
DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid is a weak agonist of **glutamate receptors** and also reduces the sensitivity of leech glutamate receptors to glutamate .

HY-103232

IEM-1925 bromide	mGluR	Neurological Disease
IEM-1925 bromide is an orally active **glutamate receptor** antagonist, increases the latent period and decreases the duration of status epilepticus in rats in a lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy .

HY-B0649

Propofol 15+ Cited Publications 2,6-Diisopropylphenol	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Cancer
Propofol potently and directly activates GABA_A receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-103568

YM-298198 hydrochloride	mGluR	Neurological Disease
YM-298198 hydrochloride is a high-affinity, selective, orally active, and non-competitive antagonist of *metabotropic glutamate* receptor type 1 (mGluR1)**. YM-298198 hydrochloride can be used for the research of neurological disorders .

HY-14612

CPPHA	mGluR	Neurological Disease
CPPHA is potent and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the mGluR5 and mGluR1 (metabotropic glutamate receptor). CPPHA can potentiate responses of mGluR5 and mGluR1 to activation of these receptors. CPPHA is developed for the research of central nervous system disorders .

HY-110278

ADX71743	mGluR	Neurological Disease
ADX71743 is a highly selective, noncompetitive and brain-penetrant *metabotropic glutamate* receptor 7 negative allosteric modulator (mGlu7 NAM**). ADX71743 has anxiolytic-like activity .

HY-108546

L-AP3 3-Phosphono-L-alanine	mGluR	Neurological Disease
L-AP3, metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist, inhibits D-phosphoserine and L-phosphoserine with IC₅₀s of 368 μM and 2087 μM, respectively .

HY-115483

VU0477573	mGluR	Neurological Disease
VU0477573 is a brain-penetrant partial negative allosteric modulator of *metabotropic glutamate* receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5**). VU0477573 exhibits neuroprotective and anxiolytic effects. VU0477573 can be used for the research of neurological disease, such as Parkinson disease .

HY-W141876R

DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid (Standard)	Bacterial	Others
DL-2-Aminopimelic Acid is a weak agonist of glutamate receptors and also reduces the sensitivity of leech glutamate receptors to glutamate .

HY-103235

NPEC-caged-(S)-AMPA	iGluR	Neurological Disease
NPEC- caged-(S)-AMPA, a caged neurotransmitter analog, is a NPEC photoprotecting group caged the (S)-AMPA (HY-100815A) to make caged ligands specific for glutamate receptor sub-types. NPEC- caged-(S)-AMPA selectively activates AMPA receptor .

HY-110152

LSN2463359	mGluR	Neurological Disease
LSN2463359 is positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate 5 (mGlu₅). LSN2463359 attenuates aspects of the behavioral response to administration of the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist. LSN2463359 selectively attenuates reversal learning deficits observed in the neurodevelopmental MAM E17 model . LSN2463359 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.

HY-107481

Fasoracetam NS 105	mGluR	Neurological Disease
Fasoracetam (NS 105) is the activator of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR). Fasoracetam (NS 105) has the potential for the research of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) .

HY-103570

MCPG sodium	mGluR	Neurological Disease
MCPG is a carboxylic phenyl glycine. MCPG can block metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)(HY-15129) and has antagonistic activity of mGluR subtype. MCPG can be used to study the induction and maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) .

HY-12598

(S)-3,5-DHPG	mGluR	Neurological Disease
(S)-3,5-DHPG is a weak, but selective *group I metabotropic glutamate* receptors (mGluRs) agonist with K_i** values of 0.9 μM and 3.9 μM for mGluR1a and mGluR5a, respectively . (S)-3,5-DHPG exhibits anxiolytic activity in rats subjected to hypoxia .

HY-113981

LY459477	mGluR	Neurological Disease
LY459477 is a potent, selective and orally active metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor (mGluR2/3) agonist. LY459477 can effectively suppress Phencyclidine-evoked locomotor activity at doses that do not impair neuromuscular coordination. LY459477 can be used for the research of neurological disease .

HY-100371

(RS)-MCPG 1 Publications Verification alpha-MCPG	mGluR	Neurological Disease
(RS)-MCPG (alpha-MCPG) is a competitive and selective group I/group II *metabotropic glutamate* receptor (mGluR)** antagonist. (RS)-MCPG blocks theta-burst stimulation (TBS)-induced shifts in both juvenile and neonatal rat hippocampal neurons .

HY-100840

(S)-4C3HPG (S)-4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine	mGluR	Neurological Disease
(S)-4C3HPG ((S)-4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyphenylglycine) is an antagonist of *metabotropic glutamate* receptor 1a (mGluR 1a) and an agonist of GluR2**. (S)-4C3HPG has the anticonvulsant activity and protects against audiogenic seizures in DBA/2 mice .

HY-100371R

(RS)-MCPG (Standard) alpha-MCPG (Standard)	Reference Standards mGluR	Neurological Disease
(RS)-MCPG (Standard) is the analytical standard of (RS)-MCPG. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (RS)-MCPG (alpha-MCPG) is a competitive and selective group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist. (RS)-MCPG blocks theta-burst stimulation (TBS)-induced shifts in both juvenile and neonatal rat hippocampal neurons .

HY-11041

LSP1-2111	mGluR	Neurological Disease
LSP1-2111 is a phosphinic glutamate derivative that agonists metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor .

HY-100920

Arcaine sulfate	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Arcaine (sulfate) is a glutamate NMDA receptor inhibitor .

HY-120243

L-Ibotenic acid	iGluR	Neurological Disease
L-Ibotenic acid is a psychoactive compound found in Amanita muscaria and related mushroom species. L-Ibotenic acid is a conformationally restricted analog of the neurotransmitter glutamate, which may be activated by different conformations of L-glutamate and is a non-selective **glutamate receptor** agonist .

HY-17551

NMDA 25+ Cited Publications N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
NMDA is a specific agonist for NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor.

HY-107602

UBP310	iGluR	Neurological Disease
UBP310 is a selective GluR5 antagonist, with a K_d of 130 nM .

HY-16974

Afoxolaner 1 Publications Verification	GABA Receptor Chloride Channel Parasite	Infection
Afoxolaner is an orally active isoxazoline insecticide/acaricide against Ixodes scapularis in dogs. Afoxolaner acts on the insect *γ-aminobutyric acid receptor* (GABA) and glutamate receptors*, inhibiting GABA & glutamate-regulated uptake of chloride ions*, resulting in excess neuronal stimulation and death of the arthropod .

HY-123557

Dasolampanel etibutil	iGluR	Others
Dasolampanel etibutil is an ion-type glutamate receptor 5 (iGluR5) antagonist .

HY-W014666

Xanthurenic acid 2 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

HY-103230

IEM-1460	iGluR	Neurological Disease
IEM-1460 blocks both AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptor with anticonvulsant effect in vivo .

HY-103573

VU 0360223	mGluR	Neurological Disease
VU 0360223 is a potent *metabotropic glutamate* receptors (mGluR) negative allosteric modulator with an IC₅₀** of 61 nM .

HY-101311

UPF-523 AIDA	mGluR	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
UPF-523 (AIDA), a rigid (carboxyphenyl) glycine derivative, is a relatively potent and selective antagonist of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu1a) with an IC₅₀ of 214 μM. But UPF-523 has no effect on group II (mGlu2), group III (mGlu4) receptors or ionotropic glutamate receptors. UPF-523 has the potential for the research of the acute arthritis .

HY-18162

JNJ-42153605	mGluR	Neurological Disease
JNJ-42153605 is a positive allosteric modulator of the metabotropic glutamate 2 (mGlu2) receptor with an EC₅₀ of 17 nM.

HY-103561

DCB	mGluR	Neurological Disease
DCB (3,3′-dichlorobenzaldazine) is an neutral allosteric modulator of themetabotropic glutamate receptor metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) . DCB blocks the positive allosteric regulation of mGluRs (mGluR5) with the help of 3,3′-difluorobenzaldazine (DFB). DCB shows the negative modulatory effect of 3,3′-dimethoxybenzaldazine (DMeOB) .

HY-B0649S1

Propofol-d18	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Propofol-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission .

HY-162232A

mGluR2 agonist 1 hydrochloride	mGluR	Neurological Disease
mGluR2 agonist 1 hydrochloride is a potent selective agonist for metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR 2 with EC₅₀ of 82 nM .

HY-131286A

Talaglumetad hydrochloride LY-544344 hydrochloride	mGluR	Neurological Disease
Talaglumetad hydrochloride is a precursor of thetype II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR2/3) agonist Eglumegad for the research of anxiety.

HY-119941

VU0652835	mGluR	Neurological Disease
VU0652835 is a *metabotropic glutamate* receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) negative allosteric modulator with an IC₅₀** of 81 nM .

HY-123602

CGP 55802A	iGluR	Neurological Disease
CGP 55802A is a novel photoaffinity ligand for in situ labeling of NMDA receptors with high selectivity for the glutamate recognition site .

HY-16974R

Afoxolaner (Standard)	Reference Standards GABA Receptor Chloride Channel Parasite	Infection
Afoxolaner (Standard) is the analytical standard of Afoxolaner. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Afoxolaner is an orally active isoxazoline insecticide/acaricide against Ixodes scapularis in dogs. Afoxolaner acts on the insect γ-aminobutyric acid receptor (GABA) and glutamate receptors, inhibiting GABA & glutamate-regulated uptake of chloride ions, resulting in excess neuronal stimulation and death of the arthropod .

HY-14608

L-Glutamic acid 10+ Cited Publications	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR Ferroptosis Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-122808

(-)-Camphoric acid	mGluR NF-κB AP-1	Metabolic Disease
(-)-Camphoric acid is the less active enantiomer of Camphoric acid. Camphoric acid induces **glutamate receptor expression. Camphoric acid also significantly induces the activation of NF-κB and AP-1*. Camphoric acid significantly stimulates the differentiation of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 cells. Camphoric acid has weak regulatory function towards glutamate* receptors. Camphoric acid can induce mRNA expression of glutamate signaling molecules and activate transcription factors, thereby stimulating osteoblast differentiation .

HY-19623

VU0092273	mGluR	Neurological Disease
VU0092273 is a potent mGlu5 positive allosteric modulator (PAM) that also binds to the MPEP site, with an EC₅₀ of 0.27 μM .

HY-N2309

Kainic acid Maximum Cited Publications 31 Publications Verification	EAAT	Neurological Disease
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .

HY-N2309A

Kainic acid hydrate Maximum Cited Publications 31 Publications Verification	mGluR	Neurological Disease
Kainic acid hydrate is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid hydrate induces seizures .

HY-101227

(±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid	EAAT	Metabolic Disease
(±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid is a potent EAAT2/4 inhibitor. (±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid also is an ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist. (±)-threo-3-Methylglutamic acid inhibits glutamate uptake by rod outer segments .

HY-107667

TC-2559 fumarate	nAChR	Neurological Disease
TC-2559 fumarate is a potent and selective neuronal acetylcholine receptor agonist. TC-2559 fumarate is potent and efficacious in the activation of CNS receptors and reduces glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in vitro .

HY-W017500R

N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid (Standard)	iGluR	Neurological Disease
N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid is a glutamate analogue and a NMDA receptor agonist and can be used for neurological diseases research .

HY-103555

NPEC-caged-(1S,3R)-ACPD	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
NPEC-caged-(1S,3R)-ACPD is a specific photosensitive ligand for glutamate receptor subtypes.

HY-135441

PF-06422913	mGluR	Inflammation/Immunology
PF-06422913 is an orally active, potent and selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) negative allosteric modulator .

HY-W017500

N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid	iGluR	Neurological Disease
N-Methyl-DL-aspartic acid is a glutamate analogue and a NMDA receptor* agonist* and can be used for neurological diseases research .

HY-14608A

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	iGluR Apoptosis Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-B0649S

Propofol-d17	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease
Propofol-d₁₇ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-B1102

Evans Blue

25+ Cited Publications

Direct Blue 53; T-1824; C.I. 23860

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Evans Blue (Direct Blue 53) is a potent inhibitor of L-glutamate uptake via the membrane bound excitatory amino acid transporter (EAAT). Evans Blue is a L-glutamate and kainate receptor-mediated currents inhibitor. Evans Blue has a strong affinity towards serum albumin, making it a high molecular weight protein tracer. Evans Blue is also used to study BBB (blood-brain barrier) permeability .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-117483

Gly-Pro-Glu	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Gly-Pro-Glu is a neuroactive peptide with a potent action on acetylcholine release. Gly-Pro-Glu is the N-terminal tripeptide of insulin-like growth factor-I. Gly-Pro-Glu inhibits glutamate binds to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor with an IC₅₀ value of 14.7 μM. Gly-Pro-Glu can be used for the research of neuroprotection .

HY-P1399A

Pep2m, myristoylated TFA Myr-Pep2m TFA	PKC	Neurological Disease
Pep2m, myristoylated TFA (Myr-Pep2m TFA) is a cell-permeable peptide. Pep2m, myristoylated TFA can disrupt the protein kinase ζ (PKMζ) downstream targets, *N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/glutamate* receptor subunit 2 (NSF/GluR2) interactions**. PKMζ is an autonomously active isozyme of protein kinase C (PKC) .

HY-P1077

CALP1 3 Publications Verification	mGluR Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Apoptosis Calmodulin	Inflammation/Immunology
CALP1 is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (K_d of 88 µM) with binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca ²⁺-binding site. CALP1 blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC₅₀ of 44.78 µM) through inhibition of calcium channel opening. CALP1 blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity .

HY-P1077A

CALP1 TFA 3 Publications Verification	mGluR Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Apoptosis Calmodulin	Inflammation/Immunology
CALP1 TFA is a calmodulin (CaM) agonist (K_d of 88 µM) with binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca ²⁺-binding site. CALP1 TFA blocks calcium influx and apoptosis (IC₅₀ of 44.78 µM) through inhibition of calcium channel opening. CALP1 TFA blocks glutamate receptor channels and blocks a store-operated nonselective cation channel. CALP1 TFA activates CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity .

HY-P1056

pep2-SVKI	iGluR	Neurological Disease
pep2-SVKI is a selective peptide inhibitor. pep2-SVKI inhibits the binding of AMPA-type glutamate receptor (GluA2) (C-terminal PDZ site) to glutamate receptor interacting protein (GRIP), AMPA receptor binding protein (ABP), and C-kinase interacting protein (PICK1). pep2-SVKI increases the amplitude of AMPA receptor-mediated currents and blocks long-term depression (LTD). pep2-SVKI can be used to study neurological diseases .

HY-P1327

BVD 10	Neuropeptide Y Receptor	Neurological Disease
BVD 10, a neuropeptide Y (NPY) analogue peptide, is a highly selective NPY Y1 receptor antagonist. BVD10 significantly prevents NPY-induced glutamate increase. BVD 10 can be used for seizure research .

HY-P1058

Pep2m	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Pep2m is a peptide receptor inhibitor. Pep2m inhibits the interaction between the C-terminus of the AMPA-type glutamate receptor (GluA2) subunit and N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF). Pep2m prevents synaptic long-term depression (LTD). Pep2m can reduce postsynaptic currents in neurons, AMPA-mediated currents in cultured hippocampal neurons, and AMPA receptor surface expression ^{[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]}.

HY-P10405

TAT-D1 peptide	Dopamine Receptor	Neurological Disease
TAT-D1 peptide is a selective D1-D2 heterogeneous antagonist. TAT-D1 peptide destroys the heterodimer of the D1-D2 receptor by interacting with the specific domain of the D2 receptor through its unique amino acid sequence, in particular the two glutamate residues at the C terminal of the D1 receptor. TAT-D1 peptide can be used to study the role of D1-D2 receptor heterodimers in the regulation of depressive and anxiety-like behaviors .

HY-P1059

Pep2-AVKI	iGluR	Neurological Disease
Pep2-AVKI is a selective peptide inhibitor of the binding of the AMPA receptor subunit (GluR2) at the C-terminal PDZ site to C-kinase (PICK1). Pep2-AVKI does not affect the binding of (AMPA-type glutamate receptor) GluA2 to GRIP or ABP. Pep2-AVKI does not increase the amplitude of AMPA currents. pep2-AVKI can be used to study neurological diseases .

HY-P1399

Pep2m, myristoylated Myr-Pep2m	PKC	Neurological Disease
Pep2m, myristoylated (Myr-Pep2m) is a cell-permeable peptide. Pep2m, myristoylated can disrupt the protein kinase ζ (PKMζ) downstream targets, *N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor/glutamate* receptor subunit 2 (NSF/GluR2) interactions**. PKMζ is an autonomously active isozyme of protein kinase C (PKC) .

HY-P5395

TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide	HIV	Others
TAT-GluR23A Fusion Peptide is a biological active peptide. (This is the GluR23A sequence, a control inactive peptide used as a mutant counterpart to glutamate receptor endocytosis inhibitor (GluR23Y), connected to an 11 amino acid cell permeable HIV Trans-Activator of Transcription (TAT) protein transduction domain (PTD). GluR23A is derived from GluR23Y amino acids 869 to 877, with Ala substituted for Tyr, and thus lacking essential phosphorylation sites.Control peptide of HY-P2259)

HY-P11023

E16-uPA24	Peptides	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
E16-uPA24 is a chimeric peptide targeting *urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor* (uPAR)*. E16-uPA24 modifies senescent cells surface with polyglutamic acid, promoting immune cell-mediated responses through glutamate* recognition. E16-uPA24 induces immune clearance of senescent cells and restores tissue homeostasis by enhancing immune cells recruitment and directly coupling senescent cells and immune cells. E16-uPA24 can be used for tissue degeneration, chronic inflammatory disease and age-related tumorigenesis research .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0649

Propofol 15+ Cited Publications 2,6-Diisopropylphenol	Monophenols Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Propofol potently and directly activates GABA_A receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-17551

NMDA 25+ Cited Publications N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
NMDA is a specific agonist for NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor.

HY-W014666

Xanthurenic acid 2 Publications Verification	Monophenols Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis
Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

HY-14608

L-Glutamic acid 10+ Cited Publications	Microorganisms Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR Ferroptosis Apoptosis
L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-122808

(-)-Camphoric acid	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Cinnamomum glanduliferum (Wall.) Nees Metabolic Disease Plants Lauraceae Disease Research Fields	mGluR NF-κB AP-1
(-)-Camphoric acid is the less active enantiomer of Camphoric acid. Camphoric acid induces **glutamate receptor expression. Camphoric acid also significantly induces the activation of NF-κB and AP-1*. Camphoric acid significantly stimulates the differentiation of mouse osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 subclone 4 cells. Camphoric acid has weak regulatory function towards glutamate* receptors. Camphoric acid can induce mRNA expression of glutamate signaling molecules and activate transcription factors, thereby stimulating osteoblast differentiation .

HY-N2309

Kainic acid Maximum Cited Publications 31 Publications Verification	Alkaloids other families Pyrrole Alkaloids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Disease Research Fields Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research	EAAT
Kainic acid is a potent excitotoxic agent. Kainic acid hydrate also is an agonist for a subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptor. Kainic acid induces seizures .

HY-14608A

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt 10+ Cited Publications	Microorganisms other families Animals Source classification Amino acids Plants	iGluR Apoptosis Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite
L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt can be used in the study of neurological diseases. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt acts at ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors .

HY-W014666R

Xanthurenic acid (Standard) 2 Publications Verification	Monophenols Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Phenols Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite mGluR Apoptosis
Xanthurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Xanthurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus.

HY-N8115

S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione	Monophenols Gastrodia elata Bl. Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Orchidaceae Source classification Phenols Plants	Others
S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione is a glutathione derivative. S-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)glutathione inhibits the in vitro binding of kainic acid to brain glutamate receptors, with an IC₅₀ of 2 μM .

HY-B0649R

Propofol (Standard) 2,6-Diisopropylphenol (Standard)	Monophenols Source classification Phenols Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards GABA Receptor Endogenous Metabolite
Propofol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propofol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propofol potently and directly activates GABA_A receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-100806

Kynurenic acid 5+ Cited Publications Quinurenic acid	Alkaloids Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Endocrinology	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.

HY-107512

Kynurenic acid sodium 5+ Cited Publications	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	iGluR Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid sodium, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid sodium is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.

HY-N5159

Ampullosporin A	Microorganisms Antibiotics Source classification Other Antibiotics	iGluR
Ampullosporin A is a peptaibol-type polypeptide that can be isolated from the fungus Sepedonium ampullosporum HKI-0053, exhibiting neuroleptic-like activity. Ampullosporin A can inhibit hyperactivity induced by NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801 (HY-15084B) and ameliorate social behavior abnormalities caused by subchronic drug treatment. Ampullosporin A alters the activity of **glutamate receptors** without affecting dopamine D1 and D2 receptors .

HY-169871

Argiotoxin 636	Animals Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Animal Venoms	iGluR
Argiotoxin 636 is a toxin and the non-specific, non-competitive, and potent ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) antagonist. Argiotoxin 636 blocks excitatory synaptic transmission in neurons and has paralysis and muscle relaxation effects. Argiotoxin 636 can be used in the study of nervous system diseases .

HY-107512R

Kynurenic acid sodium (Standard)	Alkaloids Source classification Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite	iGluR Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kynurenic acid (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kynurenic acid sodium, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid sodium is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.

HY-100806R

Kynurenic acid (Standard) 5+ Cited Publications Quinurenic acid (Standard)	Alkaloids Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Quinoline Alkaloids Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards iGluR Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis CXCR GPR35
Kynurenic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Kynurenic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8.

HY-100804

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid 2 Publications Verification	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC₅₀s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-W017230

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate 2 Publications Verification	Natural Products Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC₅₀s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-Y0966

Glycine 10+ Cited Publications	Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR VEGFR
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis .

HY-W017230R

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate (Standard)	Natural Products Source classification Endogenous metabolite	mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid monohydrate is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC50s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-118482

Sauristolactam Saurolactam	Alkaloids Monophenols Aristolochia debilis Sieb. et Zucc. Source classification Phenols Plants Aristolochiaceae Indole Alkaloids	Others
Sauristolactam, a natural aristolactam isolated from aerial portions of Saururus chinensis, has significant neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced toxicity in primary cultured rat cortical cells . Sauristolactam also inhibits the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and has the potential to inhibit osteoclast differentiation .

HY-100808

D-Serine 1 Publications Verification (R)-Serine	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Source classification Amino acids Endogenous metabolite	iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration .

HY-15121

L-Theanine 5 Publications Verification L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide; Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine	Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Source classification Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Theaceae	Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-112171

γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine 1 Publications Verification γ-Glu-Ala	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Source classification Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite CaSR
γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine (γ-Glu-Ala), composed of gamma-glutamate and alanine, is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a natural substrate of the γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a positive modulator of calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) function .

HY-30004

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite. In the presence of low concentrations (1 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a small molecule agonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM. At high concentrations (10 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid exerts neuroprotective activity by moderately activating NMDA receptors to prevent neuronal cell death in ischemic animal models. Additionally, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an antagonist of NMDA receptors, inducing blood pressure reduction and antioxidant effects in stroke-prone hypertensive rats. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid enhances object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility dependent on the prefrontal cortex, but does not affect impulsivity nor exhibit an antipsychotic-like profile. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid shows promise for research in the field of neurotoxicity. .

HY-17387

(-)-Huperzine A 5+ Cited Publications Huperzine A	Alkaloids Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Terpenoids Huperziaceae Sesquiterpenes Pyridine Alkaloids Huperzia serrata Plants Disease Research Fields	Cholinesterase (ChE) Apoptosis iGluR
(-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC₅₀ of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptor. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .

HY-Y0966R

Glycine (Standard)	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Endogenous metabolite Cancer	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite iGluR VEGFR
Glycine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Glycine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis .

HY-100804R

L-Cysteinesulfinic acid (Standard)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards mGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Cysteinesulfinic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Cysteinesulfinic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Cysteinesulfinic acid is a potent agonist at several rat metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) with pEC50s of 3.92, 4.6, 3.9, 2.7, 4.0, and 3.94 for mGluR1, mGluR5, mGluR2, mGluR4, mGluR6, and mGluR8, respectively .

HY-15121R

L-Theanine (Standard) L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide (Standard); Nγ-Ethyl-L-glutamine (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification Amino acids Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Theaceae	Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
L-Theanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Theanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active .

HY-N5134

5'-Guanylic acid 2 Publications Verification 5'-GMP; 5'-guanosine monophosphate	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR
5'-Guanylic acid is a purine nucleotide that participates in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. 5'-Guanylic acid regulates the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. 5'-Guanylic acid is the weak agonist for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), reduces the activity of the glutamatergic system and exhibits neuroprotective effect. 5'-Guanylic acid also causes neuronal cell death at high concentrations .

HY-30004R

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Standard)	Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an endogenous metabolite. In the presence of low concentrations (1 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a small molecule agonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 0.7-0.9 μM. At high concentrations (10 μM) of glutamate, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid acts as a competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors with an EC50 of 81.6 nM. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid exerts neuroprotective activity by moderately activating NMDA receptors to prevent neuronal cell death in ischemic animal models. Additionally, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid is an antagonist of NMDA receptors, inducing blood pressure reduction and antioxidant effects in stroke-prone hypertensive rats. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid enhances object recognition memory and cognitive flexibility dependent on the prefrontal cortex, but does not affect impulsivity nor exhibit an antipsychotic-like profile. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid shows promise for research in the field of neurotoxicity. .

HY-14608AR

L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt (Standard)	Microorganisms other families Animals Source classification Amino acids Plants	Reference Standards iGluR Apoptosis Ferroptosis Endogenous Metabolite
L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt) (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid (monosodium salt). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid monosodium salt can be used in the study of neurological diseases .

HY-112171R

γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine (Standard) γ-Glu-Ala (Standard)	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite CaSR
γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine, composed of gamma-glutamate and alanine, is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a natural substrate of the γ-Glutamylcyclotransferase. γ-L-Glutamyl-L-alanine is a positive modulator of calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) function .

HY-100808R

D-Serine (Standard) (R)-Serine (Standard)	Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Source classification Amino acids Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
D-Serine (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Serine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration[1][2].

HY-N0215

L-Phenylalanine 5+ Cited Publications (S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid	Structural Classification Microorganisms Animals Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Amino acids Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Calcium Channel iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca ⁺ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of *N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors* (NMDARs) (K_B of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs**, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-W010970

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt 2 Publications Verification 5'-GMP disodium salt; 5'-guanosine monophosphate disodium salt	Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite iGluR
5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the disodium salt form of 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is a purine nucleotide that participates in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt regulates the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the weak agonist for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), reduces the activity of the glutamatergic system and exhibits neuroprotective effect. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt also causes neuronal cell death at high concentrations .

HY-N0215R

L-Phenylalanine (Standard) (S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Microorganisms Animals Source classification Amino acids Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Calcium Channel iGluR Endogenous Metabolite
L-Phenylalanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Phenylalanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N6746

Citrinin NSC 186	Infection Microorganisms Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Fungal Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .

HY-W005255R

3-(3-Hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid (Standard)	Monophenols Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Phenols Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite
Citrinin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citrinin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .

HY-N6746R

Citrinin (Standard) NSC 186 (Standard)	Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification	Reference Standards Bacterial Fungal Endogenous Metabolite Apoptosis
Citrinin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Citrinin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Citrinin (NSC 186) is a mycotoxin that causes food contamination and has different toxic effects. Citrinin is an effective oral anticancer agent. Citrinin has various regulatory effects on mouse immune system, including regulating the number of immune cells, inducing apoptosis and autophagy of immune cells, altering toll-like receptor expression and cytokine production. Citrinin can induce oxidative stress and lead to early apoptosis of oocytes. Low doses of Citrinin have neuroprotective effects against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in rat cortical neurons. In addition, Citrinin also has antibacterial activity .

HY-14608R

L-Glutamic acid (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Amino acids Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Cardiovascular System Disorder Cancer	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite iGluR Ferroptosis Apoptosis
L-Glutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases . IC₅₀ & Target:DA . In Vitro: L-Glutamic acid (120, 500, 750, 1000 mg/dL) can reduce the harmful effect of lithium on the embryonic development of Xenopus Xenopus . L-Glutamic acid (2, 5, 10, 20 mM, 24-48 h) can induce neuroexcitotoxicity in neuroblastoma . In Vivo: L-Glutamic acid (3 g/kg, subcutaneous injection) can promote excitotoxic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in mice . L-Glutamic acid (750 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can reduce and inhibit oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-B0649S1

Propofol-d18
Propofol-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission .

HY-B0649S

Propofol-d17
Propofol-d₁₇ is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties .

HY-W014666S

Xanthurenic acid-d4
Xanthurenic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Xanthurenic acid . Xanthurenic acid is a putative endogenous Group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist, on sensory transmission in the thalamus .

HY-Y0966S10

Glycine-d3
Glycine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S8

Glycine-d5
Glycine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S1

Glycine-d2
Glycine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S3

Glycine-13C2
Glycine- ¹³C₂ is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S

Glycine-15N
Glycine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors .

HY-Y0966S4

Glycine-1-13C
Glycine-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-W707528

Propofol-d14
Propofol-d₁₄ (2,6-Diisopropylphenol-d₁₄) is the deuterium labeled Propofol (HY-B0649). Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic .

HY-Y0966S2

Glycine-2-13C
Glycine-2- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S9

Glycine-15N,d2
Glycine- ¹⁵N,d₂ is the deuterium and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S6

Glycine-13C2,15N
Glycine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S7

Glycine-2-13C,15N
Glycine-2- ¹³C, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-Y0966S5

Glycine-1-13C,15N
Glycine-1- ¹³C, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.

HY-14608S8

L-Glutamic acid-d3
L-Glutamic acid-d₃ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S

L-Glutamic acid-13C
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S7

L-Glutamic acid-d5
L-Glutamic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-100806S

Kynurenic acid-d5
Kynurenic acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled Kynurenic acid. Kynurenic acid, an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a broad-spectrum antagonist targeting *NMDA, glutamate, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Kynurenic acid is also an agonist of GPR35/CXCR8 .*

HY-14608S2

L-Glutamic acid-15N
L-Glutamic acid- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals .

HY-14608S5

L-Glutamic acid-13C5 1 Publications Verification
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S10

L-Glutamic acid-13C2
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₂ is the ¹³C labeled L-Glutamic acid . L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals .

HY-14608S1

L-Glutamic acid-1-13C
L-Glutamic acid-1- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S6

L-Glutamic acid-5-13C
L-Glutamic acid-5- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-Y0966S11

Glycine-13C2,15N,d2
Glycine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N,d₂ is the deuterium, ¹³C and ¹⁵N labeled Glycine . Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors .

HY-14608S3

L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S9

L-Glutamic acid-15N,d5
L-Glutamic acid- ¹⁵N,d₅ is the deuterium and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-14608S4

L-Glutamic acid-13C5,15N,d5
L-Glutamic acid- ¹³C₅, ¹⁵N,d₅ is the deuterium, ¹³C-, and 15-labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.

HY-144224S

Tianeptine-d6 hydrochloride

Tianeptine-d₆ hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Tianeptine hydrochloride. Tianeptine hydrochloride is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine hydrochloride is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine hydrochloride is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine hydrochloride increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine hydrochloride exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine hydrochloride inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine hydrochloride can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

HY-111973S3

Phaseic acid-d4

Phaseic acid-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Phaseic acid. Phaseic acid is a Abscisic acid terpenoid catabolite that can able to activate a subset of Abscisic acid repectors. Phaseic acid is a plant hormone associated with photosynthesis arrest and abscission. Phaseic acid is the antagonist for NMDA-type glutamate receptor (NMDAR) that inhibits NMDAR currents with an IC₅₀ of 34.37 μM. Phaseic acid reduces intracellular calcium influx, and exhibits neuroprotective effect .

HY-90003S

Tianeptine-d12

Tianeptine-d₁₂ is a deuterated analog of Tianeptine (HY-90003).Tianeptine is an atypical antidepressant. Tianeptine is a moderate-intensity agonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), and to a lesser extent, is an agonist of the δ-opioid receptor (DOR). Tianeptine is a glutamate modulator that can enhance AMPA receptor and antagonize NMDA receptor. Tianeptine increases sensitivity of the α1 adrenergic receptor, which only manifests in chronic treatment. Tianeptine exerts neuroprotective effects under stress/inflammation-induced conditions, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Tianeptine inhibits MMP-9 by suppressing the PI3K/Akt-mediated NF-κB pathway. Tianeptine can be used to alleviate symptoms of depression and anxiety, but does not cause sedative effects.

HY-15121S

L-Theanine-d5

L-Theanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Theanine. L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide）is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine causes anti-stress effects via the inhibition of cortical neuron excitation by oral intake .

HY-100808S

D-Serine-d3

D-Serine-d₃ ((R)-Serine-d₃) is a deuterium labeled D-Serine (HY-100808). D-Serine ((R)-Serine), an endogenous amino acid involved in glia-synapse interactions that has unique neurotransmitter characteristics, is a potent co-agonist at the NMDA glutamate receptor. D-Serinee has a cardinal modulatory role in major NMDAR-dependent processes including NMDAR-mediated neurotransmission, neurotoxicity, synaptic plasticity, and cell migration .

HY-B0822S1

Fipronil-13C6

Fipronil- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled Fipronil. Fipronil is an insecticide that acts as a selective antagonist of insect GABA receptors (IC50s = 30 nM and 1,600 nM for cockroach and rat receptors, respectively). Fipronil also inhibits desensitizing and non-desensitizing glutamate-induced chloride currents in cockroach neurons (IC50s = 800 nM and 10 nM, respectively). Fipronil induces activity of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A1/2, CYP2B1/2, and CYP3A1/2 in isolated rat liver microsomes.

HY-17387S1

(-)-Huperzine A-d4 hydrochloride

(-)-Huperzine A-d₄ hydrochloride is deuterated labeled (-)-Huperzine A (HY-17387). (-)-Huperzine A (Huperzine A) is an alkaloid isolated from Huperzia serrata, with neuroprotective activity. (-)-Huperzine A is a potent, highly specific, reversible and blood-brain barrier penetrant inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), with an IC₅₀ of 82 nM. (-)-Huperzine A also is non-competitive antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate (NMDA) receptor. (-)-Huperzine A is developed for the research of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease .

HY-N0215S6

DL-Phenylalanine-d5 hydrochloride

DL-Phenylalanine-d₅ (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled DL-Phenylalanine hydrochloride. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine hydrochloride is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine hydrochloride is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S13

L-Phenylalanine-d1

L-Phenylalanine-d is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S3

L-Phenylalanine-d2

L-Phenylalanine-d₂ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S

L-Phenylalanine-d7

L-Phenylalanine-d₇ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S1

L-Phenylalanine-d8

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-d₈ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S12

L-Phenylalanine-d5

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-d₅ is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-15121S1

L-Theanine-13C2,15N2

L-Theanine- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N₂ (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide- ¹³C₂, ¹⁵N₂) is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Theanine (HY-15121). L-Theanine (L-Glutamic Acid γ-ethyl amide) is a non-protein amino acid contained in green tea leaves, which blocks the binding of L-glutamic acid to glutamate receptors in the brain, and with neuroprotective, anticancer and anti-oxidative activities. L-Theanine can pass through the blood–brain barrier and is orally active.

HY-N0215S7

L-Phenylalanine-3-13C

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine-3- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S2

L-Phenylalanine-13C

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-178251S

L-Phenylalanine-d

L-Phenylalanine-d is the deuterium labeled L-Phenylalanine (HY-N0215). L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca ²⁺ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S5

L-Phenylalanine-15N

L-Phenylalanine- ¹⁵N is the ¹⁵N-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S8

L-Phenylalanine-13C6

1 Publications Verification

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₆ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S10

L-Phenylalanine-13C9

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₉ is the ¹³C-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S11

L-Phenylalanine-13C9,15N

L-Phenylalanine- ¹³C₉, ¹⁵N is the ¹³C- and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

HY-N0215S14

L-Phenylalanine-15N,d8

L-Phenylalanine- ¹⁵N,d₈ is the deuterium and ¹⁵N-labeled L-Phenylalanine. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels antagonist with a K_i of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-118022

VU0361747		Alkynes
VU0361747 is a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4 PAM). VU0361737 has neuroprotective effect. VU0361737 significantly reverses Amphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in vivo .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-Y0966

Glycine 10+ Cited Publications		Fillers
Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors. Glycine is orally active. Glycine can be used to study cell protection, cancer, neurological diseases, and angiogenesis .

HY-W010970

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt 2 Publications Verification 5'-GMP disodium salt; 5'-guanosine monophosphate disodium salt		Nucleotide Analogs
5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the disodium salt form of 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is a purine nucleotide that participates in physiological processes such as energy metabolism, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt regulates the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt is the weak agonist for ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR), reduces the activity of the glutamatergic system and exhibits neuroprotective effect. 5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt also causes neuronal cell death at high concentrations .

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