Search Result

Pathways Recommended:	MAPK/ERK Pathway

Results for "

AMPK pathway

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	AMPK (64) Akt (8) Amyloid-β (2) Androgen Receptor (1) Apoptosis (28) Aurora Kinase (2) Autophagy (27) Bacterial (1) Bcl-2 Family (4) Beta-secretase (2) Calcium Channel (1) Caspase (3) Cholinesterase (ChE) (2) Cytochrome P450 (1) EGFR (3) Endogenous Metabolite (7) ERK (2) FLT3 (1) Fungal (1) GLUT (3) HDAC (2) HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase (1) Hippo (MST) (1) Interleukin Related (2) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (1) JAK (1) JNK (1) Keap1-Nrf2 (4) Mitochondrial Metabolism (3) Mitophagy (5) MMP (1) mTOR (10) NAMPT (1) NF-κB (5) NO Synthase (2) Organoid (1) p38 MAPK (5) Parasite (3) PARP (2) Phosphatase (1) PI3K (4) PKA (4) PKC (2) PPAR (3) Pyroptosis (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (10) Sirtuin (1) SOD (1) STAT (3) TGF-β Receptor (1) TNF Receptor (2) TRP Channel (1) Tyrosinase (1) VEGFR (1) Wnt (2)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (48) Cardiovascular Disease (15) Endocrinology (3) Infection (5) Inflammation/Immunology (28) Metabolic Disease (47) Neurological Disease (12)
Oligonucleotides:	Cholesterol (1)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: AMPK

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-155363

AMPK activator 13	AMPK	Metabolic Disease
AMPK activator 13 is a potent activator of *AMPK. AMPK* activator 13 inhibits mitotic clonal expansion of 3T3-L1 cells by activating AMPK pathway and enhances cell mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate. AMPK activator 13 can be used in study obesity .

HY-B1104

Indoprofen (±)-Indoprofe	Akt AMPK NF-κB p38 MAPK	Inflammation/Immunology
Indoprofen ((±)-Indoprofe) activates *AKT-AMPK* signaling pathway, inhibits NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. Indoprofen exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Indoprofen is orally active .

HY-121006

Biguanide	Mitochondrial Metabolism AMPK	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Biguanide is an orally active antihyperglycemic agent. Biguanide inhibits mitochondrial ATP production, activates the LKB1-AMPK signaling pathway, and damages the energy homeostasis. Biguanide exhibits potential in ameliorating the type 2 diabetes and the insulin-associated cancers .

HY-130723A

AMPK activator 2 hydrochloride	AMPK	Cancer
AMPK activator 2 (compound 7a) hydrochloride, a fluorine-containing proguanil derivative, up-regulates *AMPK* signal pathway and downregulates mTOR/4EBP1/p70S6K. AMPK activator 2 hydrochloride inhibits proliferation and migration of human cancer cell lines (UMUC3, T24, A549) .

HY-146398

AMPK activator 6	AMPK	Metabolic Disease
AMPK activator 6 (Compound GC) reduces lipid content and activates the AMPK pathway in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. AMPK activator 6 significantly suppresses the increase in triglyceride (TG) , total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and other biochemical indices in blood serum. AMPK activator 6 can be used for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome .

HY-168044

ALKBH1-IN-3	AMPK	Cancer
ALKBH1-IN-3 is a potent DNA N6-methyladenine (6mA) demethylase ALKBH1 inhibitor. ALKBH1-IN-3 increases the abundance of 6mA, inhibits cell viability and upregulates the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in gastric cancer cell lines HGC27 and AGS. ALKBH1-IN-3 is promising for research of cancers, including gastric cancer .

HY-168507

SG31	Autophagy	Cancer
SG31 is a potent autophagy activator via the AMPK/ULK1-dependent pathway .

HY-168652

4-PivO-NMT chloride	AMPK	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
4-PivO-NMT chloride is an indole-derived *AMPK* signaling pathway modulator that regulates neurogenesis or neurite outgrowth by modulating *AMPK* activity. 4-PivO-NMT chloride holds promise for research in the fields of neurological disorders, pain, and inflammation .

HY-158060

MC2646	Autophagy Parasite	Infection
MC2646 is a potent anti-parasite agent. MC2646 induces autophagic. MC2646 activates the AMPK/TFEB pathway .

HY-130723

AMPK activator 2	AMPK	Cancer
AMPK activator 2 (compound 7a), a fluorine-containing proguanil derivative, up-regulates *AMPK* signal pathway and downregulates mTOR/4EBP1/p70S6K. AMPK activator 2 inhibits proliferation and migration of human cancer cell lines (UMUC3, T24, A549) .

HY-112108

Chitosan oligosaccharide 4 Publications Verification COS	AMPK Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates *AMPK* and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

HY-N2312

Mogrol 2 Publications Verification	ERK STAT	Cancer
Mogrol is a biometabolite of mogrosides, and acts via inhibition of the ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways, or reducing CREB activation and activating *AMPK* signaling.

HY-153886

Wu-5 1 Publications Verification	FLT3 AMPK Apoptosis	Cancer
Wu-5 is a USP10 inhibitor that can inhibit FLT3 and *AMPK* pathways, induce FLT3-ITD degradation and induce apoptosis .

HY-B1104R

Indoprofen (Standard) (±)-Indoprofe (Standard)	Akt AMPK NF-κB p38 MAPK	Inflammation/Immunology
Indoprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indoprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indoprofen activates *AKT-AMPK* signaling pathway, inhibits NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. Indoprofen exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Indoprofen is orally active .

HY-N4176

Ginkgolide K	Autophagy	Neurological Disease
Ginkgolide K, isolated from Ginkgo biloba, induces protective autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Ginkgolide K possesses neuroprotective activity .

HY-169566

EGFR-IN-146	EGFR AMPK	Metabolic Disease
EGFR-IN-146 is an EGFR inhibitor that can inhibit the EGFR signaling pathway and improve insulin sensitivity by activating the AMPK pathway, which can effectively reduce blood sugar levels and body weight. EGFR-IN-146 has great potential in the study of diabetes and obesity .

HY-N1411

Platycodin D 5+ Cited Publications	AMPK Wnt	Metabolic Disease
Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-N10093

Chamaejasmine Chamaejasmin	Apoptosis AMPK Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species	Cancer
Chamaejasmine is a biflavonoid that can be isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. Chamaejasmine has antitumor activity. Chamaejasmine induces cell apoptosis, autophagy and ROS production, and activates the activity of *AMPK/mTOR* signal pathway .

HY-12808

STF-118804 1 Publications Verification	NAMPT AMPK mTOR	Cancer
STF-118804 is a highly specific NAMPT inhibitor. STF-118804 activates *AMPK* and inhibits mTOR pathways. STF-118804 has antitumor activity against pancreatic cancer .

HY-W017212

Methyl cinnamate 2 Publications Verification Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate	Tyrosinase Bacterial AMPK	Infection Metabolic Disease
Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate), an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) possesses antimicrobial activity and is a tyrosinase inhibitor that can prevent food browning. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the *CaMKK2-AMPK* signaling pathway .

HY-N4253

Kudinoside D	Others	Metabolic Disease
Kudinoside D is a main natural component of triterpenoid saponin derived from Ilex kudingcha. Kudinoside D suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .

HY-N2312R

Mogrol (Standard)	ERK STAT	Cancer
Mogrol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogrol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogrol is a biometabolite of mogrosides, and acts via inhibition of the ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways, or reducing CREB activation and activating AMPK signaling.

HY-119327

Butylate	Autophagy AMPK	Others
Butylate is a compound involved in platelet research. Platelet activation can cause autophagy, which is partly mediated by the AMPK-MTOR pathway and is related to sphingolipid metabolism. Butylate mentioned in the study may be a tool or control substance for studying related metabolic processes.

HY-N1419

Vaccarin	AMPK	Metabolic Disease
Vaccarin is an active flavonoid glycoside associated with various biological functions. Vaccarin significantly promote wound healing and endothelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation in the wound site. Vaccarin ameliorates insulin resistance and steatosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway .

HY-P2048

MOTS-c (human)	Apoptosis GLUT AMPK	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
MOTS-c (human) is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the *AMPK/PGC-1α* pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate *AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1* antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders .

HY-P2048A

MOTS-c(human) acetate	AMPK GLUT	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
MOTS-c (human) acetate is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the *AMPK/PGC-1α* pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) acetate inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate *AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1* antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) acetate has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders .

HY-N0072

Brazilin 1 Publications Verification	Apoptosis Autophagy	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Brazilin is a red dye precursor obtained from the heartwood of several species of tropical hardwoods. Brazilin inhibits the cells proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and induces autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Brazilin shows chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities .

HY-N7459

Sakurasosaponin	AMPK Autophagy Fungal	Cancer
Sakurasosaponin is a saponin with potential anticancer activity that can be extracted from the root of Primula sieboldii. Sakurasosaponin can activate the AMPK pathway to induce cell autophagy and exert anti-NSCLC cell proliferation activity. Sakurasosaponin also has antifungal activity and significantly inhibits the growth of anthrax.

HY-N0735

Phellodendrine chloride 1 Publications Verification	Autophagy	Cancer
Phellodendrine chloride is a plant alkaloid found in Phellodendron amurense. Phellodendrine chloride suppresses the proliferation of KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of nutrients uptake via macropinocytosis . Phellodendrine chloride promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and reduce the intestinal damage of ulcerative colitis .

HY-W012980

Isovaleric acid	Endogenous Metabolite AMPK PKA	Metabolic Disease
Isovaleric acid is an oral active short-chain fatty acid that inhibits osteoclast differentiation by stimulating *AMPK* phosphorylation and promotes colonic smooth muscle relaxation by activating the cAMP/PKA pathway. Isovaleric acid can be used in research on skeletal diseases (such as osteoporosis) and intestinal disorders .

HY-N8016S2

Nonanal-d2	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Metabolic Disease
Nonanal-d₂ is deuterated labeled Methyl cinnamate (HY-W017212). Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate), an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) possesses antimicrobial activity and is a tyrosinase inhibitor that can prevent food browning. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the *CaMKK2-AMPK* signaling pathway .

HY-N3426

Kazinol B	NO Synthase Akt AMPK	Metabolic Disease
Kazinol B, a prenylated flavan with a dimethyl pyrane ring, is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production. Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake via the insulin-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK activation. Kazinol B has the potential for diabetes mellitus research .

HY-N0592A

Demethyleneberberine chloride 1 Publications Verification	NF-κB AMPK	Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Demethyleneberberine chloride is a natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Demethyleneberberine chloride alleviates mice colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells. Demethyleneberberine chloride could serve as a *AMPK* activator for researching non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) .

HY-N6904

Crocetin monomethyl ester	Amyloid-β	Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Crocetin monomethyl ester, isolated from Crocus sativus, possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant activity . Crocetin monomethyl ester promotes clearance of amyloid-β by inducing autophagy via the STK11/LKB1-mediated *AMPK* pathway .

HY-125355

SEC 1 Publications Verification	Apoptosis	Cancer
SEC induces activation of ANXA7 GTPase via the AMPK/mTORC1/STAT3 signaling pathway. SEC selectively promotes apoptosis in cancer cells, expressing a high level of ITGB4 by inducing ITGB4 nuclear translocation .

HY-N0592

Demethyleneberberine 1 Publications Verification	NF-κB AMPK	Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Demethyleneberberine is a natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Demethyleneberberine alleviates mice colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells. Demethyleneberberine could serve as a *AMPK* activator for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) .

HY-13418

Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 565 Publications Verification Compound C dihydrochloride; BML-275 dihydrochloride	Organoid AMPK TGF-β Receptor Autophagy	Cancer
Dorsomorphin (Compound C) dihydrochloride is a potent, selective and ATP-competitive *AMPK* inhibitor, with a K_i of 109 nM. Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride inhibits BMP pathway by targeting the type I receptors ALK2, ALK3, and ALK6. Dorsomorphin dihydrochloride can reverse autophagy activation and anti-inflammatory effect of Urolithin A (HY-100599).

HY-163315

YPLP	Keap1-Nrf2 AMPK	Metabolic Disease
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .

HY-N0671

Rhapontin 1 Publications Verification Rhaponiticin	Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Rhapontin (Rhaponiticin) is an orally aactive SIRT1 agonist and *AMPK* activator with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Rhapontin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by activating SIRT1 and inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling via the AMPK pathway. Rhapontin reduces intestinal and lung inflammation, inhibits fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, and enhances tight junction protein expression to repair epithelial barriers. Rhapontin can be used in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis) and pulmonary fibrosis .

HY-110228

Metformin-d6 hydrochloride 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d₆ hydrochloride	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis mTOR	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
Metformin-d₆ hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to *AMPK* activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating *AMPK* and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-N7676

Marein 2 Publications Verification	AMPK HDAC	Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
Marein has the neuroprotective effect due to a reduction of damage to mitochondria function and activation of the **AMPK signal pathway*. Marein improves insulin resistance induced by high glucose in HepG2 cells through CaMKK/AMPK/GLUT1 to promote glucose uptake, through IRS/Akt/GSK-3β to increase glycogen synthesis, and through Akt/FoxO1 to decrease gluconeogenesis. Marein is a HDAC* inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 100 μM. Marein has beneficial antioxidative, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effects .

HY-N0404

Sinigrin 1 Publications Verification	p38 MAPK AMPK	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the *AMPK* and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-119137

AMDE-1	Autophagy AMPK	Cancer
AMDE-1 is a potent autophagy inducer. AMDE-1 induces autophagy by the AMPK-mTORC1-ULK1 pathway and at the same time inhibited autophagy-mediated degradation by causing lysosome dysfunction. AMDE-1 can be used in research of cancer .

HY-N1411R

Platycodin D (Standard)	AMPK Wnt	Metabolic Disease
Platycodin D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Platycodin D. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-111431R

p-Cresyl sulfate (Standard)	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species	Metabolic Disease
Platycodin D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Platycodin D. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-N1399

Androsin	AMPK PI3K Autophagy	Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
Androsin is an active compound isolated from Picrorhiza Kurroa Royle ex Benth. Androsin activates AMPKα/PI3K/Beclin1/LC3 signaling pathway, inhibits SREBP1c/FASN signaling pathway. Androsin can be used in research of asthma and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Androsin is orally active .

HY-W058849

MT 63-78	AMPK mTOR Apoptosis	Cancer
MT 63-78 is a specific and potent direct *AMPK* activator with an EC₅₀ of 25 μM. MT 63–78 also induces cell mitotic arrest and apoptosis. MT 63-78 blocks prostate cancer growth by inhibiting the lipogenesis and mTORC1 pathways. MT 63-78 has antitumor effects .

HY-B0627

Metformin 135+ Cited Publications 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis mTOR	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to *AMPK* activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating *AMPK* and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-17471A

Metformin hydrochloride 135+ Cited Publications 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride	AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis mTOR	Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to *AMPK* activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating *AMPK* and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-N12124

Monascuspiloin Monascinol	Akt mTOR AMPK Androgen Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy	Cancer
Monascuspiloin (Monascinol) exhibits anti-androgenic activity with an IC₅₀ of 7 μM. Monascuspiloin inhibits viability of PC-3 and LNCaP with IC₅₀ of 45 and 47 μM. Monascuspiloin induces apoptosis in LNCaP through inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, induces autophagy through activation *AMPK* signaling pathway and arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase in PC-3. Monascuspiloin exhibits antitumor efficacy in mice .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L040

Anti-diabetic Compound Library

876 compounds

Diabetes mellitus, usually called diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. The most common types are Type I and Type II. Type I diabetes (T1D), also called juvenile onset diabetes mellitus or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized by destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas and insulin is not produced, whereas type II diabetes (T2D), also called non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized by a progressive impairment of insulin secretion and relative decreased sensitivity of target tissues to the action of this hormone. Type 2 diabetes accounts for the vast majority of all diabetes mellitus. Diabetes of all types can lead to complications in many parts of the body and can increase the overall risk of dying prematurely. Possible complications include kidney failure, leg amputation, vision loss and nerve damage.

The pathogenesis of diabetes is complicated, and development of the safe and effective drugs against diabetes is full of challenge. Increasing studies have confirmed that the pathogenesis of diabetes is related to various signaling pathways, such as insulin signaling pathway, AMPK pathway, PPAR regulation and chromatin modification pathways. These signaling pathways have thus become the major source of the promising novel drug targets to treat metabolic diseases and diabetes.

MCE Anti-diabetic Compound Library owns a unique collection of 876 compounds, which mainly target SGLT, PPAR, DPP-4, AMPK, Dipeptidyl Peptidase, Glucagon Receptor, etc. This library is a useful tool for discovery anti-diabetes drugs.

HY-L015

PI3K/Akt/mTOR Compound Library

759 compounds

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway controls many cellular processes that are important for the formation and progression of cancer, including apoptosis, transcription, translation, metabolism, angiogenesis, and cell cycle progression. Every major node of this signaling network is activated in a wide range of human tumors. Mechanisms for the pathway activation include activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) upstream of PI3K, mutation or amplification of PIK3CA encoding p110α catalytic subunit of PI3K, mutation or loss of PTEN tumor suppressor gene, and mutation or amplification of Akt1. Once the pathway is activated, signaling through Akt can stimulate a series of substrates including mTOR which is involved in protein synthesis. Thus, inhibition of this pathway is an attractive concept for cancer prevention and/or therapy. Currently some mTOR inhibitors are approved for several indications, and there are several novel PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors in clinical trials.

MCE owns a unique collection of 759 compounds that can be used for PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway research. PI3K/Akt/mTOR Compound Library also acts as a useful tool for anti-cancer drug discovery.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P2048

MOTS-c (human)	Apoptosis GLUT AMPK	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
MOTS-c (human) is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the *AMPK/PGC-1α* pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate *AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1* antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders .

HY-P2048A

MOTS-c(human) acetate	AMPK GLUT	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology
MOTS-c (human) acetate is a blood-brain barrier-penetrating, mitochondrial-derived peptide that modulates the *AMPK/PGC-1α* pathway to enhance insulin sensitivity. MOTS-c (human) acetate inhibits the folate cycle and de novo purine synthesis, increases AICAR levels to activate *AMPK, and then regulates the Nrf2/Keap1* antioxidant pathway and inhibits the NF-κB inflammatory pathway, while promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and energy metabolism. MOTS-c (human) acetate has the effects of improving glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotection, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury, inflammatory diseases and aging-related metabolic disorders .

HY-163315

YPLP	Keap1-Nrf2 AMPK	Metabolic Disease
YPLP is a yeast-derived peptide Tyr-Pro-Leu-Pro, which exhibits activity in anti fatigue mechanisms through the nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)- and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. YPLP is orally active .

HY-P5435

LKBtide	Peptides	Others
LKBtide is a biological active peptide. (This is a peptide substrate that is phosphorylated by Serine/Threonine kinase 11 (STK11), also known as LKB1. LKBtide is derived from sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1) protein kinase, which is normally activated by the LKB1/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway.)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-112108

Chitosan oligosaccharide 4 Publications Verification COS	Structural Classification Polysaccharides Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Saccharides Cancer	AMPK Endogenous Metabolite
Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) is an oligomer of β-(1→4)-linked D-glucosamine. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) activates *AMPK* and inhibits inflammatory signaling pathways including NF-κB and MAPK pathways.

HY-N2312

Mogrol 2 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Cucurbitaceae Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	ERK STAT
Mogrol is a biometabolite of mogrosides, and acts via inhibition of the ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways, or reducing CREB activation and activating *AMPK* signaling.

HY-N4176

Ginkgolide K	Ginkgoaceae Terpenoids Source classification Diterpenoids Plants Ginkgo biloba	Autophagy
Ginkgolide K, isolated from Ginkgo biloba, induces protective autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signaling pathway. Ginkgolide K possesses neuroprotective activity .

HY-N1411

Platycodin D 5+ Cited Publications	Triterpenes Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. Source classification Campanulaceae Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	AMPK Wnt
Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-N10093

Chamaejasmine Chamaejasmin	Flavonoids Thymelaeaceae Stellera chamaejasme Linn. Plants Biflavones	Apoptosis AMPK Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species
Chamaejasmine is a biflavonoid that can be isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasme L. Chamaejasmine has antitumor activity. Chamaejasmine induces cell apoptosis, autophagy and ROS production, and activates the activity of *AMPK/mTOR* signal pathway .

HY-W017212

Methyl cinnamate 2 Publications Verification Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Source classification Rutaceae Metabolic Disease Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Zanthoxylum armatum DC.	Tyrosinase Bacterial AMPK
Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate), an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) possesses antimicrobial activity and is a tyrosinase inhibitor that can prevent food browning. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the *CaMKK2-AMPK* signaling pathway .

HY-N4253

Kudinoside D	Natural Products other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	Others
Kudinoside D is a main natural component of triterpenoid saponin derived from Ilex kudingcha. Kudinoside D suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes .

HY-N1419

Vaccarin	Structural Classification Flavonoids other families Classification of Application Fields Flavones Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	AMPK
Vaccarin is an active flavonoid glycoside associated with various biological functions. Vaccarin significantly promote wound healing and endothelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation in the wound site. Vaccarin ameliorates insulin resistance and steatosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway .

HY-N0072

Brazilin 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Caesalpinia sappan L. Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Apoptosis Autophagy
Brazilin is a red dye precursor obtained from the heartwood of several species of tropical hardwoods. Brazilin inhibits the cells proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and induces autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Brazilin shows chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities .

HY-N2312R

Mogrol (Standard)	Triterpenes Structural Classification Terpenoids Cucurbitaceae Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C. Jeffrey ex Lu et Z. Y. Zhang Plants	ERK STAT
Mogrol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogrol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogrol is a biometabolite of mogrosides, and acts via inhibition of the ERK1/2 and STAT3 pathways, or reducing CREB activation and activating AMPK signaling.

HY-N7459

Sakurasosaponin	Structural Classification Polysaccharides Tapeinosperma clethroides Mez Source classification Plants Primulaceae Saccharides	AMPK Autophagy Fungal
Sakurasosaponin is a saponin with potential anticancer activity that can be extracted from the root of Primula sieboldii. Sakurasosaponin can activate the AMPK pathway to induce cell autophagy and exert anti-NSCLC cell proliferation activity. Sakurasosaponin also has antifungal activity and significantly inhibits the growth of anthrax.

HY-N0735

Phellodendrine chloride 1 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Classification of Application Fields Source classification Rutaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields Cancer	Autophagy
Phellodendrine chloride is a plant alkaloid found in Phellodendron amurense. Phellodendrine chloride suppresses the proliferation of KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of nutrients uptake via macropinocytosis . Phellodendrine chloride promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and reduce the intestinal damage of ulcerative colitis .

HY-W012980

Isovaleric acid	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Source classification Endocrine diseases Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Biological Pesticide Research Agricultural Research Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Disease markers Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite AMPK PKA
Isovaleric acid is an oral active short-chain fatty acid that inhibits osteoclast differentiation by stimulating *AMPK* phosphorylation and promotes colonic smooth muscle relaxation by activating the cAMP/PKA pathway. Isovaleric acid can be used in research on skeletal diseases (such as osteoporosis) and intestinal disorders .

HY-N3426

Kazinol B	Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	NO Synthase Akt AMPK
Kazinol B, a prenylated flavan with a dimethyl pyrane ring, is an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) production. Kazinol B improves insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake via the insulin-Akt signaling pathway and AMPK activation. Kazinol B has the potential for diabetes mellitus research .

HY-N0592A

Demethyleneberberine chloride 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Alkaloids Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Source classification Rutaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants	NF-κB AMPK
Demethyleneberberine chloride is a natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Demethyleneberberine chloride alleviates mice colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells. Demethyleneberberine chloride could serve as a *AMPK* activator for researching non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) .

HY-N6904

Crocetin monomethyl ester	Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Diterpenoids Lridaceae Plants Crocus sativus L. Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	Amyloid-β
Crocetin monomethyl ester, isolated from Crocus sativus, possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant activity . Crocetin monomethyl ester promotes clearance of amyloid-β by inducing autophagy via the STK11/LKB1-mediated *AMPK* pathway .

HY-N0592

Demethyleneberberine 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Classification of Application Fields Source classification Rutaceae Other Phenylpropanoids Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	NF-κB AMPK
Demethyleneberberine is a natural mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Demethyleneberberine alleviates mice colitis and inhibits the inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway and regulating the balance of Th cells. Demethyleneberberine could serve as a *AMPK* activator for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) .

HY-N0671

Rhapontin 1 Publications Verification Rhaponiticin	Structural Classification Stilbenes Classification of Application Fields Polygonaceae Source classification Rheum officinale Baill. Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	Apoptosis
Rhapontin (Rhaponiticin) is an orally aactive SIRT1 agonist and *AMPK* activator with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Rhapontin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by activating SIRT1 and inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling via the AMPK pathway. Rhapontin reduces intestinal and lung inflammation, inhibits fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, and enhances tight junction protein expression to repair epithelial barriers. Rhapontin can be used in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis) and pulmonary fibrosis .

HY-N7676

Marein 2 Publications Verification	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Chalcones Flavonoids other families Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields	AMPK HDAC
Marein has the neuroprotective effect due to a reduction of damage to mitochondria function and activation of the **AMPK signal pathway*. Marein improves insulin resistance induced by high glucose in HepG2 cells through CaMKK/AMPK/GLUT1 to promote glucose uptake, through IRS/Akt/GSK-3β to increase glycogen synthesis, and through Akt/FoxO1 to decrease gluconeogenesis. Marein is a HDAC* inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 100 μM. Marein has beneficial antioxidative, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effects .

HY-N0404

Sinigrin 1 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Alkaloids Cruciferous vegetables Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Source classification Metabolic Disease Glucosinolates Plants Brassicaceae Disease Research Fields	p38 MAPK AMPK
Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the *AMPK* and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-N1411R

Platycodin D (Standard)	Triterpenes Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Terpenoids Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC. Source classification Campanulaceae Plants Endogenous metabolite	AMPK Wnt
Platycodin D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Platycodin D. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-111431R

p-Cresyl sulfate (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Endogenous metabolite	JNK p38 MAPK Reactive Oxygen Species
Platycodin D (Standard) is the analytical standard of Platycodin D. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Platycodin D is a saponin isolated from Platycodon grandiflorus, acts as an activator of AMPKα, with anti-obesity property. WNT/β-catenin pathway mediates the anti-adipogenic effect of platycodin D .

HY-N1399

Androsin	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Scrophulariaceae Plants Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	AMPK PI3K Autophagy
Androsin is an active compound isolated from Picrorhiza Kurroa Royle ex Benth. Androsin activates AMPKα/PI3K/Beclin1/LC3 signaling pathway, inhibits SREBP1c/FASN signaling pathway. Androsin can be used in research of asthma and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Androsin is orally active .

HY-N12124

Monascuspiloin Monascinol	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Akt mTOR AMPK Androgen Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy
Monascuspiloin (Monascinol) exhibits anti-androgenic activity with an IC₅₀ of 7 μM. Monascuspiloin inhibits viability of PC-3 and LNCaP with IC₅₀ of 45 and 47 μM. Monascuspiloin induces apoptosis in LNCaP through inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, induces autophagy through activation *AMPK* signaling pathway and arrest cell cycle at G2/M phase in PC-3. Monascuspiloin exhibits antitumor efficacy in mice .

HY-N1419R

Vaccarin (Standard)	Structural Classification Flavonoids other families Flavones Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants	AMPK
Vaccarin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Vaccarin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Vaccarin is an active flavonoid glycoside associated with various biological functions. Vaccarin significantly promote wound healing and endothelial cells and fibroblasts proliferation in the wound site. Vaccarin ameliorates insulin resistance and steatosis by activating the AMPK signaling pathway .

HY-N7697R

Chitotetraose (tetrahydrochloride) (Standard)	Structural Classification Polysaccharides Microorganisms Source classification Saccharides	Others
Butylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Butylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Butylate is a compound involved in platelet research. Platelet activation can cause autophagy, which is partly mediated by the AMPK-MTOR pathway and is related to sphingolipid metabolism. Butylate mentioned in the study may be a tool or control substance for studying related metabolic processes.

HY-N0072R

Brazilin (Standard)	Structural Classification Natural Products Leguminosae Caesalpinia sappan L. Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Plants	Apoptosis Autophagy
Brazilin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Brazilin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Brazilin is a red dye precursor obtained from the heartwood of several species of tropical hardwoods. Brazilin inhibits the cells proliferation, promotes apoptosis, and induces autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Brazilin shows chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory activities .

HY-N0735R

Phellodendrine chloride (Standard)	Alkaloids Structural Classification Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Source classification Rutaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids	Autophagy
Phellodendrine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellodendrine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Phellodendrine chloride is a plant alkaloid found in Phellodendron amurense. Phellodendrine chloride suppresses the proliferation of KRAS mutated pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of nutrients uptake via macropinocytosis . Phellodendrine chloride promotes autophagy by regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway and reduce the intestinal damage of ulcerative colitis .

HY-W012980R

Isovaleric acid (Standard)	Structural Classification Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Immune System Disorder Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite AMPK PKA
Isovaleric acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isovaleric acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Isovaleric acid is an oral active short-chain fatty acid that inhibits osteoclast differentiation by stimulating AMPK phosphorylation and promotes colonic smooth muscle relaxation by activating the cAMP/PKA pathway. Isovaleric acid can be used in research on skeletal diseases (such as osteoporosis) and intestinal disorders .

HY-N0671R

Rhapontin (Standard) Rhaponiticin (Standard)	Structural Classification Stilbenes Classification of Application Fields Polygonaceae Source classification Rheum officinale Baill. Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	Apoptosis
Rhapontin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rhapontin (HY-N0671). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Rhapontin (Rhaponiticin) is an orally aactive SIRT1 agonist and *AMPK* activator with anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. Rhapontin inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by activating SIRT1 and inhibits TGF-β/Smad signaling via the AMPK pathway. Rhapontin reduces intestinal and lung inflammation, inhibits fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix deposition, and enhances tight junction protein expression to repair epithelial barriers. Rhapontin can be used in the study of inflammatory bowel diseases (such as ulcerative colitis) and pulmonary fibrosis .

HY-N1399R

Androsin (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Scrophulariaceae Plants Picrorhiza scrophulariiflora Pennell	AMPK PI3K Autophagy
Androsin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Androsin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Androsin is an active compound isolated from Picrorhiza Kurroa Royle ex Benth. Androsin activates AMPKα/PI3K/Beclin1/LC3 signaling pathway, inhibits SREBP1c/FASN signaling pathway. Androsin can be used in research of asthma and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Androsin is orally active .

HY-N12386

SIRT1 activator 1	Structural Classification Microorganisms Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Marine natural products Marine microorganism	Sirtuin
SIRT1 activator 1(compound 3) is a derivative of marine compound xyloallenoide A isolated from the mangrove fungus Xylaria sp.SIRT1 activator 1 shows angiogenic activities in zebrafish. SIRT1 activator 1 protects hEPC against AngII-induced senescence by increasing SIRT1 expression levels and balancing the AMPK/Akt signaling pathway .

HY-119678

Fortunellin	Structural Classification Flavonoids Flavones Source classification Rutaceae Citrus japonica Thunb. Plants	AMPK Keap1-Nrf2
Fortunellin, is a flavonoid, that can be isolated from the fruits of Fortunella margarita (kumquat). Fortunellin exhibits little toxicity to mice and suppresses inflammation and ROS generation in H9C2 cells induced by LPS. Fortunellin protects against fructose-induced inflammation and oxidative stress by enhancing *AMPK/Nrf2* pathway. Fortunellin can be used for diabetic cardiomyopathy research .

HY-N6904R

Crocetin monomethyl ester (Standard)	Structural Classification Terpenoids Source classification Diterpenoids Lridaceae Plants Crocus sativus L.	Amyloid-β
Crocetin monomethyl ester (Standard) is the analytical standard of Crocetin monomethyl ester. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Crocetin monomethyl ester, isolated from Crocus sativus, possesses anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and antioxidant activity . Crocetin monomethyl ester promotes clearance of amyloid-β by inducing autophagy via the STK11/LKB1-mediated AMPK pathway .

HY-N0404R

Sinigrin (Standard)	Structural Classification Alkaloids Cruciferous vegetables Other Alkaloids Source classification Glucosinolates Plants Brassicaceae	p38 MAPK AMPK
Sinigrin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sinigrin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sinigrin is a major glucosinolate present in plants of the Brassicaceae family. Sinigrin inhibits early-stage adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the AMPK and MAPK signaling pathways. Sinigrin has potent anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory effects .

HY-124896

Bonannione A 6-Geranylnaringenin; Mimulone	Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. Scrophulariaceae Plants	Phosphatase Apoptosis Autophagy
Bonannione A (6-Geranylnaringenin; Mimulone), a prenylflavonoid, is an orally active and potent protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 14 µM. Bonannione A triggers caspase-dependent apoptosis. Bonannione A induces autophagy through p53-mediated AMPK/mTOR pathway. Bonannione A shows anti-inflammatory, antiradical and anti-cancer activity .

HY-13755

Sulforaphane Maximum Cited Publications 50 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Natural Products other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields	HDAC Keap1-Nrf2 Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family Caspase Reactive Oxygen Species
Sulforaphane is an orally active inducer of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Sulforaphane promotes the transcription of tumor-suppressing proteins and effectively inhibits the activity of HDACs. Through the activation of the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway and further induction of HO-1 expression, Sulforaphane protects the heart. Sulforaphane suppresses high glucose-induced pancreatic cancer through AMPK-dependent signal transmission. Sulforaphane exhibits both anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties .

HY-N0131

Stigmasterol 5+ Cited Publications	Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Amaranthaceae Plants Endogenous metabolite Achyranthes bidentata Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Steroids	MMP Endogenous Metabolite
Stigmasterol is an orally acitve, immunomodulatory agent with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effect, as well as able to cross the blood-brain barrier. Stigmasterol activates *AMPK, which in turn inhibits NF-κB* and NLRP3 signaling pathways, reduces microglia-mediated neuroinflammation, and alleviates cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Stigmasterol regulates M1/M2 polarization of microglia through the TLR4/ NF-κB pathway, thereby reducing neuropathic pain. Stigmasterol can be used for neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory diseases, and pain management, among others .

HY-N6850

Calenduloside E 1 Publications Verification	Triterpenes Structural Classification other families Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Other Diseases Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem. Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Araliaceae	Apoptosis Pyroptosis AMPK Bcl-2 Family JAK STAT Calcium Channel Interleukin Related TNF Receptor SOD Reactive Oxygen Species PPAR
Calenduloside E is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin that can be extracted from the bark and roots of Aralia ovata, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Calenduloside E alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization, improves mitochondrial function by regulating the *AMPK-SIRT3* pathway, and alleviates acute liver injury. In addition, Calenduloside E promotes the interaction between L-type calcium channels and Bcl-2 related apoptosis genes, inhibits calcium overload, and alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Calenduloside E also improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating heat shock-dependent pathways, and inhibits ROS mediated JAK1-STAT3 pathways to reduce cellular inflammatory responses .

HY-N0563

Alizarin 1 Publications Verification	Quinones Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Anthraquinones Source classification Rubiaceae Other Diseases Phenols Polyphenols Plants Disease Research Fields Rubia cordifolia L.	AMPK VEGFR PI3K Akt NF-κB Cytochrome P450
Alizarin is a natural dye. Alizarin can be extracted from the roots of madder plant. Alizarin activates *AMPK* and VEGFR2/eNOS pathway. Alizarin regulates PI3K/Akt and inhibits NF-κB pathway. Alizarin enhances CYP1A1 enzyme activity. Alizarin has protective effects on hypertension and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Alizarin has anti-tumor activity against multiple cancers including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma and liver cancer. Alizarin has been widely used as a pigment in textile fabrics and paintings .

HY-W012974

3-Aminoisobutyric acid β-Aminoisobutyric acid; BAIBA	Cardiovascular Disease Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Disease markers Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
3-Aminoisobutyric acid (β-Aminoisobutyric acid) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid increases the expression of brown adipocyte-specific genes in white adipose tissue and fatty acid β-oxidation in hepatocytes. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid attenuates insulin resistance and inflammation induced by palmitate or a high fat diet via an AMPK-PPARδ-dependent pathway in mice. 3-Aminoisobutyric acid is a catabolic metabolite of thymine and valine in skeletal muscle .

HY-N2447

Amarogentin 2 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Gentiana scabra Bunge Iridoids Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Gentianaceae Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields	AMPK Apoptosis
Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. Amarogentin exhibits many biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin exerts hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Amarogentin promotes apoptosis, arrests G2/M cell cycle and downregulates of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathways. Amarogentin exerts beneficial vasculo-metabolic effect by activating *AMPK* .

HY-N2447R

Amarogentin (Standard)	Structural Classification Gentiana scabra Bunge Iridoids Terpenoids Source classification Gentianaceae Phenols Polyphenols Plants	AMPK Apoptosis
Amarogentin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Amarogentin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Amarogentin is a secoiridoid glycoside that is mainly extracted from Swertia and Gentiana roots. Amarogentin exhibits many biological effects, including anti-oxidative, anti-tumour, and anti-diabetic activities. Amarogentin exerts hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects. Amarogentin promotes apoptosis, arrests G2/M cell cycle and downregulates of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathways. Amarogentin exerts beneficial vasculo-metabolic effect by activating AMPK .

HY-N10612

Petasin	Structural Classification Natural Products Plants Compositae Piptadenia Benth.	AMPK PPAR TRP Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism
Petasin inhibits adipogenesis in cell 3T3-F442A with an IC₅₀ of 0.95 μM. Petasin inhibits the expression of lipid synthesis factors ACC1, FAS and SCD1 by inhibiting transcription factors PPARγ and C/EBPα, as well as targeting TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels . Petasin inhibits mitochondrial complex I, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Petasin activates *AMPK* signaling pathway, participating in regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. Petasin is orally active .

HY-N5027

Oxyberberine 2 Publications Verification Oxyberberin; Berlambine; 8-Oxoberberine	Infection Structural Classification Phellodendron amurense Rupr. Stilbenes Classification of Application Fields Source classification Rutaceae Plants Disease Research Fields	Others
Oxyberberine (Oxyberberin; Berlambine) is an orally effective heme oxygenase HO-1 agonist that can activate antioxidant mechanisms by regulating the PI3K/Akt/AMPK signaling pathway. Oxyberberine induces HO-1 expression, increases SOD and GSH-Px activity, inhibits NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses, and improves insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism. Oxyberberine has anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and can be used to study type 2 diabetes, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and inflammatory bowel disease .

HY-N0226

Epiberberine	Alkaloids Source classification Ranunculaceae Coptis chinensis Franch. Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids	Cholinesterase (ChE) Beta-secretase
Epiberberine is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, acts as a potent AChE and BChE inhibitor, and a non-competitive BACE1 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 1.07, 6.03 and 8.55 μM, respectively. Epiberberine has antioxidant activity, with peroxynitrite ONOO ^- scavenging effect (IC₅₀, 16.83 μM), and can be used for the research of Alzheimer disease . Epiberberine inhibits the early stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, downregulates the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways . Epiberberinecan be used for the research of diabetic disease .

HY-N0281

Daphnetin 3 Publications Verification 7,8-Dihydroxycoumarin	Structural Classification Daphne Classification of Application Fields Thymelaeaceae Source classification Coumarins Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants Disease Research Fields Cancer	EGFR PKA PKC Autophagy Apoptosis AMPK Akt mTOR Reactive Oxygen Species Caspase Bcl-2 Family PARP Parasite
Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1?, ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research .

HY-N0226A

Epiberberine chloride 4 Publications Verification	Alkaloids Structural Classification Neurological Disease Classification of Application Fields Coptis chinensis Franch. Ranunculaceae Source classification Metabolic Disease Plants Isoquinoline Alkaloids Disease Research Fields	Cholinesterase (ChE) Beta-secretase Reactive Oxygen Species
Epiberberine chloride is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis, acts as a potent AChE and BChE inhibitor, and a non-competitive BACE1 inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 1.07, 6.03 and 8.55 μM, respectively. Epiberberine chloride has antioxidant activity, with peroxynitrite ONOO ^- scavenging effect (IC₅₀, 16.83 μM), and may protect against Alzheimer disease . Epiberberine chloride inhibits the early stage of differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, downregulates the Raf/MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPKα/Akt pathways . Epiberberine has the potential effect in the research of diabetic disease .

HY-N0281R

Daphnetin (Standard)	Structural Classification Daphne Thymelaeaceae Source classification Coumarins Phenols Polyphenols Phenylpropanoids Plants	EGFR PKA PKC Autophagy Apoptosis AMPK Akt mTOR Reactive Oxygen Species Caspase Bcl-2 Family PARP Parasite
Daphnetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Daphnetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Daphnetin (7,8-dihydroxycoumarin), one coumarin derivative can be found in plants of the Genus Daphne, is a potent, oral active protein kinase inhibitor, with IC₅₀s of 7.67 μM, 9.33 μM and 25.01 μM for EGFR, PKA and PKC in vitro, respectively. Daphnetin triggers ROS-induced cell apoptosis and induces cytoprotective autophagy by modulating the AMPK/Akt/mTOR pathway. Daphnetin has anti-inflammation activitity and inhibits TNF-α, IL-1 , ROS, and MDA production. Daphnetin has schizontocidal activity against malaria parasites. Daphnetin can be used for rheumatoid arthritis , cancer and anti-malarian research .

HY-N0448

10-Gingerol 2 Publications Verification	Zingiber officinale Roscoe Structural Classification Natural Products Monophenols Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Zingiberaceae	AMPK Reactive Oxygen Species Akt PI3K Interleukin Related TNF Receptor Apoptosis
10-Gingerol is an *AMPK* agonist, which is found in the ginger oleoresin from fresh rhizome with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-proliferative activities. 10-Gingerol suppresses neointimal hyperplasia and inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. 10-Gingerol exhibits substantial scavenging activities with an IC₅₀ value of 10.47 μM against DPPH radical, an IC₅₀ value of 1.68 μM against superoxide radical and an IC₅₀ value of 1.35 μM against hydroxyl radical. 10-Gingerol inhibits the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 tumor cell line with an IC₅₀ of 12.1 μM. 10-Gingerol suppresses the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced apoptosis through targeting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in MDA-MB-231/IR cells. 10-Gingerol is promising for research of ulcerative colitis .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-110228

Metformin-d6 hydrochloride

Metformin-d₆ hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo .

HY-N8016S2

Nonanal-d2

Nonanal-d₂ is deuterated labeled Methyl cinnamate (HY-W017212). Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate), an active component of Zanthoxylum armatum, is a widely used natural flavor compound. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) possesses antimicrobial activity and is a tyrosinase inhibitor that can prevent food browning. Methyl cinnamate (Methyl 3-phenylpropenoate) has antiadipogenic activity through mechanisms mediated, in part, by the CaMKK2-AMPK signaling pathway .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification