2. Epigenetics PI3K/Akt/mTOR Stem Cell/Wnt MAPK/ERK Pathway NF-κB Immunology/Inflammation
  3. AMPK Akt ERK p38 MAPK NF-κB Nuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT) JNK
  4. Vaccarin

Vaccarin is an orally active flavonoid glycoside with multiple biological functions. Vaccarin promotes neovascularization by activating AKT and ERK. Vaccarin activates the AMPK signaling pathway to improve insulin resistance and steatosis. Vaccarin is a MAPK, NF-κB, and NFAT inhibitor, effectively blocking RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Vaccarin Chemical Structure

Vaccarin Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 53452-16-7

Size Price Stock Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
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Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Vaccarin:

Vaccarin Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Vaccarin

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NUAK1 NUAK2 AMPK AMPK α1β1γ1 AMPK α2β1γ1 AMPK α1β2γ1 AMPK α2β2γ1 BRSK1 BRSK2 HUNK AMPKα

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Akt Akt1 Akt2 Akt3

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ERK ERK1 ERK2 ERK5 ERK8

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p38 MAPK p38α p38β MAPK13 p38δ p38γ

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NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

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JNK1 JNK2 JNK3 JNK

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Vaccarin is an orally active flavonoid glycoside with multiple biological functions. Vaccarin promotes neovascularization by activating AKT and ERK. Vaccarin activates the AMPK signaling pathway to improve insulin resistance and steatosis. Vaccarin is a MAPK, NF-κB, and NFAT inhibitor, effectively blocking RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis[1][2][3].

In Vitro

Vaccarin (0.54-34.4 μM, 48 h) increases the proliferation activity of human microvascular endothelial cells-1 (HMEC-1)[1].
Vaccarin (1.08-2.15 μM, 24-48 h) promotes HMEC-1 migration and capillary lumen formation[1].
Vaccarin (5 μM, 24 h) activites insulin resistance in HepG2 cells by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and promoting glycogen synthesis[2].
Vaccarin (5 μM, 24 h) activates AMPK to increase insulin sensitivity and inhibit steatosis in HepG2 cells[2].
Vaccarin (4-64 μM, 48 h) inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in bone marrow macrophages (BMMs)[3].
Vaccarin (8 μM, 4 h) inhibits osteocalcin (OC) differentiation by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways[3].
Vaccarin (4-16 μM) reduces the expression of OC marker genes by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and NFATc1[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Vaccarin Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HepG2 cells
Concentration: 5 μM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Down-regulated the protein levels of PEPCK, G6Pase, p-GS, SREBP-1 and FAS.
Up-regulated the protein levels of p-FOXO1, p-GSK3β, p-AMPK and p-ACC.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: BMM
Concentration: 8 μM
Incubation Time: 4 h
Result: Down-regulated the protein expression levels of IκB-ɑ, p-NF-κBp65, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, c-fos, and NFATc1.
In Vivo

Vaccarin (5/10 mg/kg, p.o., once per day for 2 weeks) increases epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced angiogenesis in the mouse matrigel plug model[1].
Vaccarin (1 mg/kg, i.p., once per day for 4 weeks) inhibits insulin resistance and glucose/lipid metabolism disorders in the type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mouse model[2].
Vaccarin (2.5/5 mg/kg, once every 2 days for 14 days) inhibits osteolytic bone loss in the Ti particle-induced calvarial osteolysis mouse model[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: Mouse matrigel plug model (Female ICR mice, aged 4–5 weeks old and weighing 17-20 g; subcutaneously injected with 500 μl of Matrigel containing heparin (113 units) and mouse EGF (120 ng) into the left hypogastric region)[1]
Dosage: 5 and 10 mg/kg
Administration: Oral gavage (p.o.), once per day for 2 weeks
Result: Increased the number of endothelial cells.
Up-regulated the expression of p-Erk and p-Akt in blood vessels.
Animal Model: T2DM mouse model (Six-week-old male C57BL/6 J mice, intraperitoneal injection of STZ (HY-13753) and HFD)[2]
Dosage: 1 mg/kg
Administration: Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), once per day for 4 weeks
Result: Increased liver glycogen levels in mice.
Down-regulated the ratio of liver weight (LW) to body weight (BW), p-IRS-1 (Ser 307), TC, TG, ALT, AST, LDL-C and NEFA levels in the liver of mice.
Molecular Weight

726.63

Formula

C32H38O19
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

Light yellow to yellow

SMILES

O=C1C=C(C2=CC=C(O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O3)O)O)O)C=C2)OC4=CC(O)=C([C@H]5[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O5)O)O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](CO6)O)O)O)C(O)=C14
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (172.03 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.3762 mL 6.8811 mL 13.7622 mL
5 mM 0.2752 mL 1.3762 mL 2.7524 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

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Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

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In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.86 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (2.86 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

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g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO +
% 
+
%
Tween-80 +
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL  DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.
 If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
Purity & Documentation

Purity: 98.47%

SDS (393 KB)

COA (253 KB) HNMR (231 KB) LCMS (111 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO 1 mM 1.3762 mL 6.8811 mL 13.7622 mL 34.4054 mL
5 mM 0.2752 mL 1.3762 mL 2.7524 mL 6.8811 mL
10 mM 0.1376 mL 0.6881 mL 1.3762 mL 3.4405 mL
15 mM 0.0917 mL 0.4587 mL 0.9175 mL 2.2937 mL
20 mM 0.0688 mL 0.3441 mL 0.6881 mL 1.7203 mL
25 mM 0.0550 mL 0.2752 mL 0.5505 mL 1.3762 mL
30 mM 0.0459 mL 0.2294 mL 0.4587 mL 1.1468 mL
40 mM 0.0344 mL 0.1720 mL 0.3441 mL 0.8601 mL
50 mM 0.0275 mL 0.1376 mL 0.2752 mL 0.6881 mL
60 mM 0.0229 mL 0.1147 mL 0.2294 mL 0.5734 mL
80 mM 0.0172 mL 0.0860 mL 0.1720 mL 0.4301 mL
100 mM 0.0138 mL 0.0688 mL 0.1376 mL 0.3441 mL
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Vaccarin Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Vaccarin53452-16-7AMPKAktERKp38 MAPKNF-κBNuclear Factor of activated T Cells (NFAT)JNKAMP-activated protein kinasePKBProtein kinase BExtracellular signal regulated kinasesNuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBc-Jun N-terminal kinaseHMEC-1HepG2BMMRANKL-induced osteoclastogenesisMouse matrigel plug modelT2DM mouse modelInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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