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Pathways Recommended:	Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

Results for "

Mitochondrial DNA

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker (2) DNA/RNA Synthesis (16) Mitochondrial Metabolism (19) AMPK (3) Androgen Receptor (1) Antibiotic (12) Apoptosis (64) Autophagy (17) Bacterial (14) Bcl-2 Family (9) Bcr-Abl (1) Beclin1 (2) Cadherin (1) Calcium Channel (1) CaMK (1) Carbonic Anhydrase (1) Caspase (12) Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) (1) Cholinesterase (ChE) (1) ClpP (1) Cytochrome P450 (2) Drug Metabolite (4) DYRK (1) EGFR (2) Endogenous Metabolite (1) ERK (2) Farnesyl Transferase (1) Ferroptosis (4) Fungal (2) G-quadruplex (2) GLUT (1) Glutathione S-transferase (1) HBV (1) HDAC (1) HIV (5) IAP (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (4) JNK (1) MDM-2/p53 (1) Mitosis (1) MMP (1) mTOR (2) NF-κB (5) NOD-like Receptor (NLR) (4) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (6) Oxidative Phosphorylation (1) p38 MAPK (4) Parasite (2) PARP (8) Photosensitizer (1) Raf (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (29) Reference Standards (11) Reverse Transcriptase (4) Sirtuin (1) STING (2) Telomerase (1) TGF-β Receptor (1) Topoisomerase (15) TrxR (1) VEGFR (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (70) Cardiovascular Disease (5) Infection (23) Inflammation/Immunology (4) Metabolic Disease (7) Neurological Disease (7)
Oligonucleotides:	Adenosine (1) Nucleoside Analogs (1) CpG ODNs (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Recombinant Proteins

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: Mitochondrial Metabolism DNA-PK DNA Glycosylase DNA Methyltransferase DNA Stain DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis Mitophagy

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-B0356B

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate Maximum Cited Publications 41 Publications Verification Bay-09867 hydrochloride monohydrate	Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) hydrochloride monohydrate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-B0356

Ciprofloxacin Maximum Cited Publications 41 Publications Verification Bay-09867	Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-B0356A

Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride Maximum Cited Publications 41 Publications Verification Bay-09867 monohydrochloride	Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) monohydrochloride is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-15586

L67 2 Publications Verification DNA Ligase Inhibitor	DNA/RNA Synthesis Caspase Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
L67 (DNA Ligase Inhibitor) is a competitive DNA ligase inhibitor that effectively inhibits DNA ligases I/III (both IC₅₀ are 10 μM). L67 can cause nuclear DNA damage by reducing levels of mitochondrial DNA and increasing levels of mitochondrially-generated ROS. L67 also activates the Caspase 1-dependent apoptosis pathway in cancer cells, can be used in cancer research .

HY-W040298

Ciprofloxacin lactate Bay-09867 lactate	Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) lactate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin lactate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin lactate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin lactate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-B0356R

Ciprofloxacin (Standard) Bay-09867 (Standard)	Reference Standards Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-B0356BR

Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard) Bay-09867 hydrochloride monohydrate (Standard)	Reference Standards Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin (hydrochloride monohydrate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) hydrochloride monohydrate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-W040298R

Ciprofloxacin lactate (Standard) Bay-09867 lactate (Standard)	Reference Standards Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (lactate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin (lactate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) lactate is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin lactate induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin lactate has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin lactate is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity [4].

HY-B0356AR

Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride (Standard) Bay-09867 monohydrochloride (Standard)	Reference Standards Topoisomerase Apoptosis Antibiotic Bacterial Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin (monohydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ciprofloxacin (monohydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) monohydrochloride is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin monohydrochloride is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity [4].

HY-155122

PARP-1-IN-13	PARP	Cancer
PARP-1-IN-13 (Compound 19c) is a PARP-1 inhibitor (IC₅₀: 26 nM). PARP-1-IN-13 inhibits DNA single-strand breakage repair and aggravates DNA double-strand breakage. PARP-1-IN-13 promotes the apoptosis of cancer cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway .

HY-137067

IMT1B 5+ Cited Publications LDC203974	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
IMT1B (LDC203974) is an orally active, noncompetitive and specific allosteric inhibitor of mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and inhibits mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression. IMT1B has anti-tumour effects .

HY-162084

BKN-1	Autophagy Apoptosis	Cancer
BKN-1 is a bifunctional ligand that can not only track the formation of mtG4s (G-quadruplexes, four-stranded DNA structures containing Hoogsteen bonds) through far-red emission, but can also induce mitochondrial dysfunction. BKN-1 has anti-tumor activity and may cause mtDNA loss, damage mitochondrial integrity, reduce ATP levels, and trigger ROS imbalance, leading to apoptosis and autophagy .

HY-158126

G-quadruplex ligand 2	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
G-quadruplex ligand 2 (compound A3) is a triphenylamine-based ligand that targets mitochondrial DNA G4s. G-quadruplex ligand 2 activates the cGAS-STING pathway. G-quadruplex ligand 2 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis via regulation of TME .

HY-155556

ZG36	ClpP	Cancer
ZG36 is a human Caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) agonist. ZG36 non-selectively degrades respiratory chain complexes and reduces mitochondrial DNA, ultimately leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and leukemic cell death. ZG36 also inhibits the development of acute myeloid leukemia in a xenograft mouse model .

HY-177084

Forvisirvat SP-624	Sirtuin	Neurological Disease
Forvisirvat (SP-624) is an orally active, brain-penetrant and selective sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) activator. Forvisirvat activates the deacetylase activity of SIRT6, enhancing DNA repair and mitochondrial health, and exhibits antidepressant activity in animal models. Forvisirvat is promising for research of major depressive disorder .

HY-176266

KIT-13	Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease
KIT-13 is an orally active plasmalogen derivative to inhibit neuroinflammation and mitochondrial DNA leakage associated with Mecp2 deficiency. KIT-13 significantly reduce neurological symptoms and improves the life span of the Rett Syndrome (RTT) model mice. KIT-13 can be used for the study of RTT and other neuroinflammation-related diseases.

HY-151426

Anticancer agent 83	Apoptosis	Cancer
Anticancer agent 83 is a potent anticancer agent, inhibits LOX IMVI cells growth with a GI₅₀ value of 0.15 mM. Anticancer agent 83 reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and induces DNA damage to induces leukemia cells apoptosis .

HY-N1306

Sideroxylin	Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Infection Cancer
Sideroxylin is a C-methylated flavone isolated from Callistemon lanceolatus and exerts antimicrobial activity against *Staphylococcus aureus. Sideroxylin inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, causing DNA* fragmentation, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) .

HY-N3497

Isochamaejasmin	NF-κB DNA/RNA Synthesis Parasite Apoptosis	Infection Cancer
Isochamaejasmin is a biflavonoid with anti-cancer, antiplasmodial and insecticidal activities. Isochamaejasmin displays a potent NF-κB (NF-κB) activation activity. Isochamaejasmin could cause DNA damage and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in AW1 cells . Isochamaejasmin also has a moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ of 7.3 μM for *P. falciparum*) and relatively low cytotoxicity (CC₅₀ of 29.0 μM) .

HY-155203

Anticancer agent 154	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Ferroptosis	Cancer
Anticancer agent 154 (Compound 8h) increases the levels of reactive oxygen species and leads to mitochondrial damage. Anticancer agent 154 induces cell apoptosis and DNA damage. Anticancer agent 154 also induces ferroptosis by reducing the GSH level and GPX4 expression and increasing the lipid peroxidation level. Anticancer agent 154 inhibits cancer cell (HT29, H1975, A549, and MCF-7) proliferation with IC₅₀s of 1.0-1.9 μM .

HY-174216

PZL-A	DNA/RNA Synthesis Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
PZL-A is a activator of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) synthesis. PZL-A restores wild-type-like activity to mutant forms of polymerase γ (POLγ) with AC₅₀ s of 160 and 20 nM for A467T and G848S. PZL-A activates mtDNA synthesis in cells, enhancing biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation machinery and cellular respiration. PZL-A is promising for relieving POLG disease and other severe conditions linked to depletion of mtDNA .

HY-123501

MitoE10	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Neurological Disease Cancer
MitoE10 is potent antioxidant agent. MitoE10 prevents lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial oxidative damage and damage to mitochondrial DNA .

HY-14771A

Imeglimin hydrochloride 5+ Cited Publications EMD 387008 hydrochloride	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin hydrochloride (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-146287

Zn(BQTC)	DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis	Cancer
Zn(BQTC) is a highly potent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and *nuclear DNA* (nDNA)** inhibitor. Zn(BQTC) causes severe damage to the mtDNA and nDNA, sequentially disruptes mitochondrial and nuclear functions. Zn(BQTC) promotes the DNA damage-induced apoptotic signaling pathway. Zn(BQTC) has selectively antiproliferative activity against A549R cells. Zn(BQTC) can be used for researching anticancer .

HY-14771

Imeglimin 5+ Cited Publications EMD 387008	Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-B0356S2

Ciprofloxacin-d4 Bay-09867-d₄	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Antibiotic Bacterial Apoptosis Topoisomerase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Mitochondrial Metabolism	Infection Cancer
Ciprofloxacin-d₄ (Bay-09867-d₄) is deuterium labeled Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-14771S

Imeglimin-d3 EMD 387008-d₃	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Mitochondrial Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Metabolic Disease
Imeglimin-d₃ (EMD 387008-d₃) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-19587

Ditercalinium chloride NSC335153	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Ditercalinium chloride is an anticancer agent. Ditercalinium chloride inhibits human DNA polymerase gamma activity. Ditercalinium chloride can deplete mitochondrial DNA in both mouse and human cells. Ditercalinium chloride is a potential ligand against the COMMD10-AP3S1 fusion protein .

HY-155348

Ru3	PARP	Cancer
Ru3 is a poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 inhibitor. Ru3 induces apoptosisin MCF-7 cells by multiple modes, inclusive of inducing DNA damage, suppressing DNA damage repair, disturbing cell cycle distribution, decreasing the mitochondrial membrane potential, and increasing the intracellular reactive oxygen species levels .

HY-135009

2-Di-1-ASP DASPI	G-quadruplex	Others
2-Di-1-ASP (DASPI; Compound 18a) is a mono-stryryl dye, and widely used as mitochondrial stain and groove-binding fluorescent probes for double-stranded DNA. 2-Di-1-ASP is selective for G-quadruplex (G4) and double-stranded DNA .

HY-P10409

SHLP2 Small humanin-like peptide 2	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SHLP2 (Small humanin-like peptide 2) is a small molecule peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, belonging to mitochondria derived peptide. SHLP2 has the activity of regulating apoptosis and inhibits cell death. SHLP2 binds to mitochondrial complex 1. SHLP2 improves mitochondrial metabolism by increasing respiration and biogenesis, reducing ROS, and decreasing mtDNA oxidation. SHLP2 also regulated energy homeostasis through the activation of hypothalamic neurons. SHLP2 can be used in the study of diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction and anti-aging diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and Parkinson’s disease .

HY-33354

Nitrochin 3 Publications Verification 4-NQO	DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis	Cancer
Nitrochin (4-NQO) is a chemical carcinogen. Nitrochin induces oncostatin-M (OSM) in esophageal cells. Nitrochin induces DNA damage, and induces apoptosis via a p53-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway .

HY-N6626

Pyraclostrobin	Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR	Infection Metabolic Disease
Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .

HY-N0124

Dioscin 5+ Cited Publications Collettiside III; CCRIS 4123	Autophagy Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity .

HY-W344074

Cytarabine 5’-monophosphate	DNA/RNA Synthesis Drug Metabolite	Cancer
Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate is a metabolite of the nucleoside analog Cytarabine (HY-13605), catalyzed by deoxycytidine kinase. Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate is incorporated into DNA by DNA polymerase α, which reduces the rate of DNA synthesis. At a concentration of 15 mM, Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate inhibits nuclear and mitochondrial DNA replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae). Additionally, Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate (3.5-75.1 mg/kg) improves survival in leukemia mice (L1210 mice). Cytarabine 5′-monophosphate can be used in cancer research .

HY-N6779

Patulin 4 Publications Verification Terinin	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection
Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-B0464

Hydralazine hydrochloride 2 Publications Verification	Bcl-2 Family Caspase Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Hydralazine hydrochloride is an antihypertensive agent. Hydralazine hydrochloride can inhibit mitochondrial fission and human peritoneal mesothelial cell proliferation. Hydralazine hydrochloride has immunomodulation and anti-migratory effect. Hydralazine hydrochloride activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and causes DNA damage .

HY-143279

Topoisomerase II inhibitor 3	Topoisomerase Apoptosis	Cancer
Topoisomerase II inhibitor 3 (Compound 6 h ) is a acridone derivatives, as well as a Type II DNA topoisomerase (topo II) inhibitor , as a topo IIα/β inhibitor with the value of IC₅₀ is 0.17 μM for topo IIα and the value of IC₅₀ is 0.23 μM for topo IIβ subtypes, caused obvious DNA damage, and induced apoptosis by triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential .

HY-N0124R

Dioscin (Standard) Collettiside III (Standard); CCRIS 4123 (Standard)	Reference Standards Autophagy Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Dioscin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dioscin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity .

HY-16445BR

CNDAC hydrochloride (Standard)	Reference Standards Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Drug Metabolite Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Dioscin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dioscin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity .

HY-162456

Anticancer agent 205	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
Anticancer agent 205 (compound 9) is a potent anticancer agent. Anticancer agent 205 binds to G4-mtDNA target and inhibits the replication, transcription, and translation of mtDNA (mitochondrial genome). Anticancer agent 205 causes mitochondrial dysfunction, increases ROS production, induces DNA damage and cellular senescence. Anticancer agent 205 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrests at G0/G1 phase. Anticancer agent 205 has the potential for the research of colorectal cancer .

HY-N6626R

Pyraclostrobin (Standard)	Reference Standards Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR	Infection Metabolic Disease
Pyraclostrobin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyraclostrobin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .

HY-N1282

Seneciphylline	Glutathione S-transferase Cytochrome P450	Cancer
Seneciphylline is an orally effective hepatotoxic inducer. Seneciphylline is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes into active intermediates, which covalently bind to intracellular biomacromolecules such as proteins and DNA to form adducts, which in turn trigger a series of toxic reactions, such as inducing cell apoptosis and damaging mitochondrial function. Seneciphylline can be used in hepatotoxicity research[1][2].

HY-33354R

Nitrochin (Standard)	DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis	Cancer
Nitrochin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Nitrochin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Nitrochin (4-NQO) is a chemical carcinogen. Nitrochin induces oncostatin-M (OSM) in esophageal cells. Nitrochin induces DNA damage, and induces apoptosis via a p53-dependent mitochondrial signaling pathway .

HY-W130236

Methylene Violet 3RAX	Cholinesterase (ChE)	Cancer
Methylene Violet 3RAX is a phenazine dye to stain the mitochondria of cells. Methylene Violet 3RAX can change the molecular structure of DNA, undermine the module of DNA, and induce the generation of the reactive singlet oxygen. Methylene Violet 3RAX shows inhibition for human erythrocyte AChE and human plasma BChE with an K_is of 1.58, 0.51 μM, respectively. Methylene Violet 3RAX has the potential for the research of potential photosensitizers for mitochondrial targeting action in PDT (photodynamic therapy) .

HY-170557

Topoisomerase IIα-IN-10	Topoisomerase Apoptosis Mitochondrial Metabolism	Cancer
Topoisomerase IIα-IN-10 (Compound 13r) is an inhibitor of Topoisomerase IIα. It binds to the active site of DNA when complexed with Topoisomerase IIα, and this binding is stabilized through interactions with DNA base pairs and amino acid residues. Topoisomerase IIα-IN-10 can induce Apoptosis by intercalating DNA and inhibiting Topoisomerase IIα, thereby disrupting the mitochondrial membrane potential and inhibiting the growth of HCT116 cell lines, with an IC₅₀ of 4.37 μM against HCT116 cells. Topoisomerase IIα-IN-10 can be used for research in the field of cancer treatment .

HY-B0464R

Hydralazine hydrochloride (Standard)	Reference Standards Bcl-2 Family Caspase Apoptosis	Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Hydralazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hydralazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hydralazine hydrochloride is an antihypertensive agent. Hydralazine hydrochloride can inhibit mitochondrial fission and human peritoneal mesothelial cell proliferation. Hydralazine hydrochloride has immunomodulation and anti-migratory effect. Hydralazine hydrochloride activates the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and causes DNA damage .

HY-157158

TrxR-IN-6	TrxR Apoptosis	Cancer
TrxR-IN-6 (compound 1d) is a TrxR inhibitor that induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and has anticancer activity. TrxR-IN-6 can further lead to redox system collapse, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and DNA damage. Finally, it causes oxidative stress and induces apoptosis .

HY-N6779R

Patulin (Standard) Terinin (Standard)	Reference Standards Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic	Infection
Patulin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Patulin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-163090

HR488B	HDAC Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Cancer
HR488B is an efficient HDAC1 inhibitor. HR488B specifically suppressed the growth of CRC cells by inducing cell cycle G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis. HR488B causes mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and DNA damage accumulation .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L155

Mitochondrial Toxicity Compound Library

523 compounds

Mitochondria, as the main place of energy supply in life, is essential to maintain normal life activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with common diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes and cancer. The heart, brain and liver rely heavily on mitochondrial function as the main organs for drug metabolism. In addition, mitochondria is also a target of many drugs, some of which induce organotoxicity by inducing mitochondrial toxicity.

MCE contains 523 mitochondrial toxic compounds, which can be used as tool compounds for drug development and disease mechanism research.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-135009

2-Di-1-ASP DASPI	Fluorescent Dyes/Probes
2-Di-1-ASP (DASPI; Compound 18a) is a mono-stryryl dye, and widely used as mitochondrial stain and groove-binding fluorescent probes for double-stranded DNA. 2-Di-1-ASP is selective for G-quadruplex (G4) and double-stranded DNA .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-112624K

Dextran T5 (MW 5,000)

Dextran 5; Dextran D5; Dextran T5(MW 4500-5500)

Thickeners

Dextran T5 (MW 5,000) is a sulfated polysaccharide anti-apoptotic and autophagic agent. Dextran T5 (MW 5,000) has sulfated groups and interacts with cell membranes by mimicking endogenous glycosaminoglycans, inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and delaying DNA fragmentation to exert anti-apoptotic activity. Dextran T5 (MW 5,000) also promotes the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and the formation of autophagosomes to activate the autophagic pathway. Dextran T5 (MW 5,000) can prolong the survival cycle of CHO cells and increase the production of recombinant erythropoietin (EPO). The Dextran series of compounds are also natural polysaccharide drug carriers that can be connected to drugs through covalent bonding methods such as ester bonds, amide bonds or click chemistry, or self-assembled to form carriers such as nanoparticles and hydrogels. Dextran is biodegradable and biocompatible, and can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Dextran derivatives can prolong drug half-life, increase local concentration and reduce immune clearance activity. The Dextran series of compounds are also natural polysaccharide drug carriers that can be connected to drugs through covalent bonding methods such as ester bonds, amide bonds or click chemistry, or self-assembled to form carriers such as nanoparticles and hydrogels. Dextran is biodegradable and biocompatible, and can achieve targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Dextran derivatives can prolong the half-life of drugs, increase local concentrations, and reduce the activity of immune clearance .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P10409

SHLP2 Small humanin-like peptide 2	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SHLP2 (Small humanin-like peptide 2) is a small molecule peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, belonging to mitochondria derived peptide. SHLP2 has the activity of regulating apoptosis and inhibits cell death. SHLP2 binds to mitochondrial complex 1. SHLP2 improves mitochondrial metabolism by increasing respiration and biogenesis, reducing ROS, and decreasing mtDNA oxidation. SHLP2 also regulated energy homeostasis through the activation of hypothalamic neurons. SHLP2 can be used in the study of diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction and anti-aging diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and Parkinson’s disease .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-N0124

Dioscin Maximum Cited Publications 10 Publications Verification Collettiside III; CCRIS 4123	other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Disease Research Fields Steroids Cancer	Autophagy Apoptosis
Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity .

HY-N6779

Patulin 4 Publications Verification Terinin	Infection Natural Products Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic
Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-N0124R

Dioscin (Standard) Collettiside III (Standard); CCRIS 4123 (Standard)	other families Source classification Plants Steroids	Reference Standards Autophagy Apoptosis
Dioscin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dioscin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dioscin (CCRIS 4123; Collettiside III) is a natural plant-derived steroidal saponin that has good anti-cancer activity against a variety of cancer cells. Dioscin causes DNA damage and induces apoptosis in HeLa and SiHa cells. Dioscin regulates ROS-mediated DNA damage and mitochondrial signaling pathways, exerting anticancer activity .

HY-N1282

Seneciphylline	Alkaloids other families Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Compositae Sophora yunnanensis C. Y. Ma Disease Research Fields Cancer	Glutathione S-transferase Cytochrome P450
Seneciphylline is an orally effective hepatotoxic inducer. Seneciphylline is metabolized by CYP450 enzymes into active intermediates, which covalently bind to intracellular biomacromolecules such as proteins and DNA to form adducts, which in turn trigger a series of toxic reactions, such as inducing cell apoptosis and damaging mitochondrial function. Seneciphylline can be used in hepatotoxicity research[1][2].

HY-W046353

2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde	Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don Classification of Application Fields Simple Phenylpropanols Source classification Phenylpropanoids Plants Lauraceae Disease Research Fields Cancer	Apoptosis NF-κB Topoisomerase Mitochondrial Metabolism Caspase
2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde) is a natural compound that can be isolated from Cinnamomum cassia. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde inhibits topoisomerase-I/II and NF-κB signaling pathway, causes mitochondrial dysfunction, induces lysosomal vesiculation, thereby leading to DNA damage and cell apoptosis. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde exhibits antitumor effects .

HY-N1306

Sideroxylin	Infection Eucalyptus saligna Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Myrtaceae Plants Disease Research Fields	Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis
Sideroxylin is a C-methylated flavone isolated from Callistemon lanceolatus and exerts antimicrobial activity against *Staphylococcus aureus. Sideroxylin inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, causing DNA* fragmentation, depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) .

HY-N3497

Isochamaejasmin	Flavonoids Thymelaeaceae Stellera chamaejasme Linn. Plants Other Flavonoids	NF-κB DNA/RNA Synthesis Parasite Apoptosis
Isochamaejasmin is a biflavonoid with anti-cancer, antiplasmodial and insecticidal activities. Isochamaejasmin displays a potent NF-κB (NF-κB) activation activity. Isochamaejasmin could cause DNA damage and induce apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in AW1 cells . Isochamaejasmin also has a moderate antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ of 7.3 μM for *P. falciparum*) and relatively low cytotoxicity (CC₅₀ of 29.0 μM) .

HY-N6779R

Patulin (Standard) Terinin (Standard)	Natural Products Microorganisms Source classification	Reference Standards Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic
Patulin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Patulin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-N10443

Mammea A/BA	other families Source classification Coumarins Phenylpropanoids Plants Calophyllum brasiliense auct. non Camb.	Parasite Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Mammea A/BA has potent activity against Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Mammea A/BA induces mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA fragmentation, and increases number of acidic vacuoles. Mammea A/BA can induce apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. Mammea A/BA can be used for researching chagas disease .

HY-125918

Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride Pingyangmycin hydrochloride	Microorganisms Antibiotics Source classification	Apoptosis Antibiotic
Bleomycin A5 (Pingyangmycin) hydrochloride is an anti-neoplastic glycoprotein antibiotic. Bleomycin A5 suppresses Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission and induces apoptosis in human nasal polyp-derived fibroblasts. Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride has anticancer activities relying on its ability to produce RNA and DNA breaks, thus, leading to cell death ..

HY-N3985

Gyrophoric acid	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Cancer	Others
Gyrophoric acid is a good ultraviolet filter in lichen populations. Gyrophoric acid shows DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ value of 105.75 μg/ml .

HY-W046353R

2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (Standard) o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (Standard)	Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don Simple Phenylpropanols Source classification Phenylpropanoids Plants Lauraceae	Reference Standards Apoptosis NF-κB Mitochondrial Metabolism Caspase Topoisomerase
2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde (o-Methoxycinnamaldehyde) is a natural compound that can be isolated from Cinnamomum cassia. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde inhibits topoisomerase-I/II and NF-κB signaling pathway, causes mitochondrial dysfunction, induces lysosomal vesiculation, thereby leading to DNA damage and cell apoptosis. 2-Methoxycinnamaldehyde exhibits antitumor effects .

HY-N6576

Hellebrigenin	Animals Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease Research Fields Steroids Cancer	p38 MAPK ERK JNK IAP PARP Apoptosis Caspase
Hellebrigenin is an inhibitor that selectively targets the MAPK signaling pathway (ERK, p38, JNK) and XIAP, and can inhibit Akt expression and phosphorylation. Hellebrigenin can activate endogenous apoptosis pathways (such as mitochondrial membrane potential disruption, Caspase family activation, PARP cleavage), downregulate anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xL) and upregulate pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bak). Hellebrigenin can also induce DNA double-strand breaks to activate the ATM pathway. Hellebrigenin can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and clone formation, and is mainly used in the study of oral squamous cell carcinoma, liver cancer and other cancers .

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HY-P703481

	MT-RNR1 Protein, Human (His, GST) Mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c; Mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c; MT-RNR1; Homo sapiens; Human; DNA-binding	Human	E. coli
	MT-RNR1 Protein, Human (His, GST) is the recombinant human-derived MT-RNR1, expressed by E. coli , with His, GST labeled tag. ,

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HY-117433S

4-Hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide-d4

4-Hydroperoxy Cyclophosphamide-d₄ is the deuterium labeled 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide. 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide is the active metabolite form of the proagent Cyclophosphamide. 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide crosslinks DNA and induces T cell apoptosis independent of death receptor activation, but activates mitochondrial death pathways through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). 4-Hydroperoxy cyclophosphamide has the potential for lymphomas and autoimmune disorders .

HY-B0356S2

Ciprofloxacin-d4

Ciprofloxacin-d₄ (Bay-09867-d₄) is deuterium labeled Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin (Bay-09867) is a potent, orally active topoisomerase IV inhibitor. Ciprofloxacin induces mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA damage and lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, ROS production. Ciprofloxacin has anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis. Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, exhibiting potent antibacterial activity .

HY-14771S

Imeglimin-d3
Imeglimin-d₃ (EMD 387008-d₃) is deuterium labeled Imeglimin. Imeglimin (EMD 387008) is an oral glucose-lowering agent. Imeglimin improves insulin sensitivity. Imeglimin also reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, increases mitochondrial DNA and improves *mitochondrial* function .

HY-N6779S

Patulin-13C7
Patulin- ¹³C₇ (Terinin- ¹³C₇) is the ¹³C labeled Patulin (HY-N6779) . Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .

HY-B0116S

Stavudine-d4
Stavudine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-150214A

ODN MT 01 sodium		CpG ODNs
ODN MT01 sodium was designed based on human mitochondrial DNA sequences, which is an inhibitory ODN that promotes osteocyte differentiation. ODN MT01 sodium could promote osteoblast maturation and activation in rats, reduce rat alveolar bone absorption caused by periodontitis, regulate the expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors.

HY-150214

ODN MT01		CpG ODNs
ODN MT01 was designed based on human mitochondrial DNA sequences, which is an inhibitory ODN that promotes osteocyte differentiation. ODN MT01 could promote osteoblast maturation and activation in rats, reduce rat alveolar bone absorption caused by periodontitis, regulate the expression levels of osteogenesis-related factors.

HY-148172

L-Fd4A		Nucleoside Analogs Adenosine
L-Fd4A is an adenine derivative. L-Fd4A has anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (EC₅₀=1.5 μM) and anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) (EC₅₀=1.7 μM) activity. L-Fd4A has low cytotoxicity .

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