Search Result

Pathways Recommended:	Cell Cycle/DNA Damage

Results for "

DNA oxidation

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

By Targets:	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker (2) DNA/RNA Synthesis (28) Akt (1) AMPK (4) Amyloid-β (3) Antibiotic (8) Apoptosis (36) Arginase (1) ATF6 (2) Atg8/LC3 (1) ATM/ATR (2) Autophagy (9) Bacterial (23) Bcl-2 Family (3) Beclin1 (2) Biochemical Assay Reagents (6) c-Myc (1) Calcium Channel (2) Caspase (4) Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) (2) Cuproptosis (1) Cytochrome P450 (1) DAPK (2) Drug Derivative (1) Drug Isomer (1) Drug Metabolite (6) Endogenous Metabolite (23) Endonuclease (1) Ephrin Receptor (2) ERK (1) Estrogen Receptor/ERR (2) Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) (2) Ferroptosis (2) Fluorescent Dye (1) Fungal (6) Glutathione Peroxidase (1) Glycosidase (2) HDAC (1) Heme Oxygenase (HO) (1) Interleukin Related (3) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (7) JNK (3) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) MDM-2/p53 (2) Mitochondrial Metabolism (2) Mitophagy (2) Monoamine Oxidase (3) mTOR (3) Necroptosis (2) NF-κB (6) NO Synthase (4) Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog (1) Oxidative Phosphorylation (2) p38 MAPK (3) p62 (1) Parasite (2) PARP (4) PERK (2) Potassium Channel (2) PPAR (2) Proteasome (2) Pyroptosis (1) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) (21) Reference Standards (18) ROS Kinase (1) STAT (3) TET Protein (1) TGF-beta/Smad (1) TNF Receptor (3) Topoisomerase (1) TrxR (2) Wnt (1) Xanthine Oxidase (1) β-catenin (1)
By Research Areas:	Cancer (56) Cardiovascular Disease (5) Endocrinology (3) Infection (24) Inflammation/Immunology (21) Metabolic Disease (29) Neurological Disease (18)
Oligonucleotides:	Adenosine (1) Guanosine (1) Nucleoside Analogs (4) Uridine (1) Cytidine (1)

115

Inhibitors & Agonists

Screening Libraries

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended: DNA-PK DNA Glycosylase DNA Methyltransferase DNA Stain DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-W265757

4-Ethylcatechol	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
4-Ethylcatechol is a ring-dihydroxylated metabolite of 4-Ethylphenol that leads to oxidative DNA damage .

HY-W016145

L-Glutamic acid monosodium (hydrate)	Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Cancer
L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate is a nutritional additive and flavoring agent. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate can reduce obesity and induce metabolic disorders associated with oxidative stress. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate induces oxidative stress,DNA damage and apoptosis in the liver and brain tissues of mice .

HY-W001974

7-Nitroindole	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Others
7-Nitroindole is a cleavable base analog. 7-nitroindole nucleoside is a photochemical precursor, which is used to specifically generate 2'-deoxyribonolactone oxidative damage sites in DNA strands. 7-Nitroindole can be used for the study of photo-controlled DNA breakage tools .

HY-147313

TH10785 1 Publications Verification	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Metabolic Disease Cancer
TH10785 is a DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) activator, TH10785 can interact with the phenylalanine-319 and glycine-42 amino acids of OGG1 and increase the enzyme activity, generates β, δ-lyase enzymatic function. TH10785 can control the catalytic activity mediated by a nitrogen base within its molecular structure. TH10785 can be used for the research of various diseases and aging connected with DNA oxidative lesions .

HY-130801

5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine 5-OHdU	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5-OHdU) is a major stable oxidation product of 2'-Deoxycytidine. 5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine can be incorporated into DNA in vitro by DNA polymerase .

HY-131394

5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine 5hmdC	Drug Derivative DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine (5hmdC) is an oxidation derivative of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) in DNA. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine may serve as a marker of irreversibly damaged cells .

HY-133598

3,4,5-Trichlorocatechol	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
3,4,5-Trichlorocatechol is a catechol derivative of pentachlorophenol and induces oxidative DNA lesions .

HY-W265757R

4-Ethylcatechol (Standard)	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
4-Ethylcatechol is a ring-dihydroxylated metabolite of 4-Ethylphenol that leads to oxidative DNA damage .

HY-P5265

Tetrapeptide	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Metabolic Disease
Tetrapeptide, an analogue of α-MSH, induces melanin synthesis. Tetrapeptide diminishes DNA damage by reducing the production of reactive oxidative species and enhancing repair of DNA photoproducts .

HY-N16478

Echihumiline	Cytochrome P450	Metabolic Disease
Echihumiline is an alkaloid targeting hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450). Echihumiline induces DNA cross-linking and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, leading to liver necrosis and fibrosis. Echihumiline is promising for research of liver diseases .

HY-173391

4-Hydroxy nonenal glutathione TFA 4-HNE-GSH TFA	Drug Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
4-Hydroxy nonenal glutathione (4-HNE-GSH) TFA is the primary metabolite of 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal. 4-Hydroxy nonenal glutathionea TFA is a marker of oxidative stress in rat liver and hepatocytes. 4-Hydroxy nonenal glutathione TFA efficiently prevents formation of DNA adducts with 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal in human cells .

HY-123581

Quinocetone	Antibiotic Bacterial ATF6 DAPK Autophagy NF-κB NO Synthase Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Keap1-Nrf2 Heme Oxygenase (HO)	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage .

HY-123581R

Quinocetone (Standard)	Reference Standards Antibiotic Bacterial ATF6 DAPK Autophagy NF-κB NO Synthase Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Infection Inflammation/Immunology
Quinocetone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinocetone (HY-123581). This product is used for research and analytical purposes. Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.

HY-116832

Retrorsine N-oxide	NO Synthase	Cancer
Retrorsine N-oxide, an N-oxide of pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is a carcinogen. Retrorsine N-oxide-derived DNA adducts are common toxicological biomarkers of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides .

HY-113338

8-Hydroxyguanine 8-Oxoguanine; 8-oxo-Gua	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
8-Hydroxyguanine is a DNA damage product under oxidative stress, which is formed when hydroxyl radicals attack guanine in DNA. 8-Hydroxyguanine induces mutagenesis and leads to a transversion from G to T. 8-Hydroxyguanine is a marker of DNA oxidative damage .

HY-113338A

8-Hydroxyguanine hydrochloride 8-Oxoguanine hydrochloride; 8-oxo-Gua hydrochloride	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
8-Hydroxyguanine hydrochloride is a DNA damage product under oxidative stress, which is formed when hydroxyl radicals attack guanine in DNA. 8-Hydroxyguanine hydrochloride induces mutagenesis and leads to a transversion from G to T. 8-Hydroxyguanine hydrochloride is a marker of DNA oxidative damage .

HY-N6828R

Monocrotaline N-Oxide (Standard)	Reference Standards Others	Metabolic Disease
Monocrotaline N-Oxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Monocrotaline N-Oxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Monocrotaline N-Oxide, a monocrotaline metabolite, leads to DNA adduct formation in vivo .

HY-15620

Methylproamine 1 Publications Verification	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Others
Methylproamine is a DNA-binding radioprotector, acts by repair of transient radiation-induced oxidative species on DNA. Methylproamine also protects against ionizing radiation by preventing DNA double-strand breaks .

HY-N6828

Monocrotaline N-Oxide	Others	Metabolic Disease
Monocrotaline N-Oxide, a monocrotaline metabolite, leads to DNA adduct formation in vivo .

HY-133590

Heliotrine N-oxide	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker	Cancer
Heliotrine N-oxide is the corresponding PA (pyrrolizidine alkaloid) N-oxide of Heliotrine (HY-126128). Heliotrine N-oxide leads to the formation of pyrrolic DNA adducts and potential initiation of PA-induced liver tumors in vivo .

HY-113306

1-Methyladenine	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
1-Methyladenine is a product of alkylation damage in DNA which can be repaired by damage reversal by oxidative demethylation.

HY-E70577

Endonuclease IV	Endonuclease	Others
DNA repair enzyme. Endonuclease IV has endonuclease activity at AP sites, 3' phosphodiesterase activity that can remove a variety of ligation-blocking lesions from the 3' end of DNA, endonuclease activity on oxidative DNA lesions, and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity .

HY-W341499

5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine is a product formed when the 5-methyl group of thymine in DNA undergoes oxidation due to exposure to gamma radiation or certain chemical agents. Serving as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine is employed in investigations of DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Additionally, 5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine can be used in studies involving chemically crosslinking with peptides derived from the RecA protein .

HY-123501

MitoE10	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Neurological Disease Cancer
MitoE10 is potent antioxidant agent. MitoE10 prevents lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial oxidative damage and damage to mitochondrial DNA .

HY-121641

Nitrosobenzene	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Nitrosobenzene is a radical scavenger that can be used to study oxidative DNA damage and the respiratory burst reaction of neutrophils induced by nitro compounds .

HY-160424

DEANO sodium 1 Publications Verification Diethylamine NONOate sodium; Diethylamine nitric oxide sodium	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Xanthine Oxidase	Others
DEANO sodium is notric oxide donor. DEANO sodium potentiates the abilitv of hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase to induce lipid peroxidation as well as DNA single- and double-strand breaks .

HY-W004924

5-Hydroxymethyluracil	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase.

HY-W004924R

5-Hydroxymethyluracil (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase.

HY-D2353

Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone is biotin-labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite and a photosensitizer that has been implicated in photosensitive damage to DNA. Benzophenone causes nucleobase oxidation, formation of cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers, single-strand breaks, DNA-protein cross-links or abasic sites, different pathologies that may occur in nucleosides, oligonucleotides or DNA .

HY-148296

4-Methoxyestradiol	DNA/RNA Synthesis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Cancer
4-Methoxyestradiol is methoxylestradiol that induces oxidative *DNA* damage in human lung epithelial cells. 4-Methoxyestradiol also elevates ROS and SOD activities in H1355 cells .

HY-W144308

Tetrachlorohydroquinone TCHQ; Tetrachloroquinol	Drug Metabolite Necroptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Metabolic Disease Cancer
Tetrachlorohydroquinone (TCHQ) is a metabolite of Pentachlorophenol. Tetrachlorohydroquinone induces reactive oxidant stress (ROS), inhibits apoptosis and induces necrosis in primary mouse splenocytes. Tetrachlorohydroquinone increases DNA lesions and induces oxidative stress in rodents .

HY-123230

Trifloxystrobin CGA 279202	Fungal Caspase PARP Apoptosis	Infection Neurological Disease
Trifloxystrobin (CGA 279202) is a type of fungicide. Trifloxystrobin has toxicity, antiparasitic activity and induce apoptosis, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Trifloxystrobin can be used for the reaesrch of fungal diseases .

HY-D0185

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate 5 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen ¹O₂, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-113091

Alpha-Tocotrienol	Apoptosis	Neurological Disease
Alpha-Tocotrienol is a vitamin E analog with anti-apoptotic neuroprotective action and antioxidant properties. Alpha-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-independent apoptotic cell death, DNA cleavage, and nuclear morphological changes .

HY-W271506

TMPO 3,3,5,5-Tetramethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide	Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Apoptosis	Inflammation/Immunology
TMPO (3,3,5,5-Tetramethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide) is a spin trap targeting free radicals. TMPO is capable of scavenging superoxide, hydroxyl radicals and inhibits thymocyte apoptosis with EC₅₀ values of 19.1 mM (MPS-induced) to 30.7 mM (Etoposide-induced) for inhibiting DNA fragmentation. TMPO reacts with intracellular free radicals to form stable nitroxide radical products, reducing oxidative stress (e.g., decreasing peroxide levels, maintaining glutathione content) and blocking oxidative events in the apoptotic pathway. TMPO is promising for research of apoptosis in immune cells like thymocytes .

HY-201296A

Tauroursocholic acid sodium TUCA sodium	Drug Isomer	Cancer
Tauroursocholic acid (TUCA) sodium is a taurine-conjugated form of the bile acid ursocholic acid and the 7β-hydroxy epimer of Taurocholic acid (HY-B1788). Tauroursocholic acid sodium exists in abundance during the biliary tract cancer, disrupting the balance and cellular toxicity of bile acids and inducing carcinogenesis through oxidative DNA damage and DNA mutation. Tauroursocholic acid (TUCA) sodium can be used for biliary tract cancer research .

HY-N6626

Pyraclostrobin	Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR	Infection Metabolic Disease
Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .

HY-N5070

Depressine Depressin	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Depressine is an iridoid glycoside that can be isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Gentiana depressa. Depressine can be used to reduce oxidative DNA base damage and strand breaks that are prone to occur during the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) .

HY-111646

N6-Etheno 2'-deoxyadenosine	Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog Endogenous Metabolite	Inflammation/Immunology
N6-Etheno 2'-deoxyadenosine is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-induced DNA oxidation product, used as a biomarker to evaluate chronic inflammation and lipid peroxidation in animal or human tissues .

HY-W004520

Phenazine methylsulfate 1 Publications Verification 5-Methylphenazinium methylsulfate	Bacterial Antibiotic Apoptosis	Cancer
Phenazine methylsulfate is a free radical generator that can act as an electron transfer reactant in cell viability assays. It also has insecticidal properties. Furthermore, Phenazine methylsulfate induces oxidative DNA damage and cell apoptosis, showing antitumor activity .

HY-131113

N-Nitrosodibutylamine 1 Publications Verification N-Nitroso-di-n-butylamine	Caspase Apoptosis	Cancer
N-Nitrosodibutylamine (N-Nitroso-di-n-butylamine) is a nitrosamine enriched in the drinking water. N-Nitrosodibutylamine regulates caspase pathway. N-Nitrosodibutylamine induces Apoptosis. N-Nitrosodibutylamine induces hepatocarcinoma and oxidative DNA damage .

HY-N0594

Deacetylasperulosidic Acid	Interleukin Related	Inflammation/Immunology
Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent of Morinda citrifolia fruit. Deacetylasperulosidic acidhas antioxidant activity by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Deacetylasperulosidic acid has anticlastogenic activity, suppressing the induction of chromosome aberrations in hamster ovary cells and mice . Deacetylasperulosidic acid prevents 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) induced *DNA* damage in vitro, suppresses IL-2 production along with the activation of natural killer cells .

HY-N0720

Neobavaisoflavone 10+ Cited Publications	Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis	Cancer
Neobavaisoflavone, a flavonoid, is isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia. Neobavaisoflavone exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation activities. Neobavaisoflavone inhibits DNA polymerase at moderate to high concentrations. Neobavaisoflavone also inhibits platelet aggregation .

HY-D0185R

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen 1O2, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-W004924S

5-Hydroxymethyluracil-d3	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
5-Hydroxymethyluracil-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 5-Hydroxymethyluracil . 5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase .

HY-W768213

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate-13C5	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (HY-D0185). 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen 1O2, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-156376

Cu(II)-Elesclomol 3 Publications Verification	Cuproptosis Apoptosis Topoisomerase Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
Cu(II)-Elesclomol is a complex formed by Elesclomol (HY-12040) and Cu ²⁺ (copper ions). Cu(II)-Elesclomol is also a weak inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I. Cu(II)-Elesclomol exerts anticancer effects by inducing oxidative stress and DNA damage through copper chelation. Cu(II)-Elesclomol can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Cu(II)-Elesclomol can be used in the study of cancer .

HY-123230R

Trifloxystrobin (Standard) CGA 279202 (Standard)	Reference Standards Fungal Caspase PARP Apoptosis	Infection Neurological Disease
Trifloxystrobin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trifloxystrobin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trifloxystrobin (CGA 279202) is a type of fungicide. Trifloxystrobin has toxicity, antiparasitic activity and induce apoptosis, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Trifloxystrobin can be used for the reaesrch of fungal diseases .

HY-123230S1

Trifloxystrobin-d3 CGA 279202-d₃	Fungal Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Others
Trifloxystrobin-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Trifloxystrobin (HY-123230). Trifloxystrobin (CGA 279202) is a type of fungicide. Trifloxystrobin has toxicity, antiparasitic activity and induce apoptosis, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Trifloxystrobin can be used for the reaesrch of fungal diseases .

HY-113303R

FAPy-adenine (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite	Neurological Disease Cancer
FAPy-adenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of FAPy-adenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. FAPy-adenine is an oxidized DNA base. Fapy-adenine shows an increased trend levels in the Alzheimer's disease brain. Oxidized nucleosides are biochemical markers for tumors, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases .

Cat. No.	Product Name

HY-L178

Radioprotector Library

2,413 compounds

Radiation sickness is a general term for various types and degrees of damage (or disease) occurring in the human body after exposure to ionizing radiation. Although small amounts of ionizing radiation can also cause the body to produce free radicals and ROS, causing oxidative stress, resulting in DNA damage and chromosomal aberration. Radioprotector are compounds with radiation protection that can be used to prevent/protect non-tumor cells from the harmful effects of radiation. Radioprotective compounds can prevent the damage of radioactive substances to the human body and reduce the clinical symptoms of various radioactive diseases. In addition, radioprotectors can protect normal cells from damage during radiation therapy. The ideal anti-radiation drug should not affect the sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation therapy while protecting normal cells.

MCE designs a unique collection of 2,413 radioprotectors. Radioprotector Library is an effective tool for acute Radiation Syndrome, drug combination research with radiation drugs.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-D2353

Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone

Dyes

Biotin-PEG3-benzophenone is biotin-labeled Benzophenone (HY-Y0546). Benzophenone is an endogenous metabolite and a photosensitizer that has been implicated in photosensitive damage to DNA. Benzophenone causes nucleobase oxidation, formation of cyclobutane-pyrimidine dimers, single-strand breaks, DNA-protein cross-links or abasic sites, different pathologies that may occur in nucleosides, oligonucleotides or DNA .

HY-D0945

Xylene Cyanol FF

Dyes

Xylene Cyanol FF is an acid triphenylmethane dye. Xylene Cyanol FF can be used for histochemical staining of hemoglobin peroxidase or as a tracking dye for DNA sequencing in electrophoresis. Xylene Cyanol FF will be catalyzed by Fe and Al to accelerate oxidation under the addition of double oxidant hydrogen peroxide and potassium periodate. Xylene Cyanol FF thus enables the spectrophotometric determination of Fe and Al in the solution to be tested .

HY-13067G

Celastrol (GMP)

Tripterine (GMP); Tripterin (GMP)

Fluorescent Dye

Celastrol (GMP) (Tripterine (GMP)) is Celastrol (HY-10227) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Celastrol (Tripterine;Tripterin) is a proteasome inhibitor which potently and preferentially inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC₅₀ of 2.5 μM. In addition, Celastrol is also an antibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against standard and clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting DNA synthesis by binding to P5CDH .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Type

HY-W001974

7-Nitroindole	Biochemical Assay Reagents
7-Nitroindole is a cleavable base analog. 7-nitroindole nucleoside is a photochemical precursor, which is used to specifically generate 2'-deoxyribonolactone oxidative damage sites in DNA strands. 7-Nitroindole can be used for the study of photo-controlled DNA breakage tools .

HY-15620

Methylproamine 1 Publications Verification	Gene Sequencing and Synthesis
Methylproamine is a DNA-binding radioprotector, acts by repair of transient radiation-induced oxidative species on DNA. Methylproamine also protects against ionizing radiation by preventing DNA double-strand breaks .

HY-D0945

Xylene Cyanol FF

Dyes

HY-W127709

Chlorophyll b

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Chlorophyll b is an orally active tetrapyrrole derivative and pigment. Chlorophyll b can be obtained from photosynthetic organisms such as plants and algae. Chlorophyll b acts as a hydrogen donor and increases Glutathione levels. Chlorophyll b has antioxidant activity and functionally replaces chlorophyll a in photosystem II to participate in photosynthesis. Chlorophyll b reduces Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced DNA damage, chromosome instability, and oxidative stress. Chlorophyll b is mainly used in the study of plant photosynthesis mechanism .

HY-N7059A

Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate

Cell Assay Reagents

Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate is a biomimetic acid found in Caspian yogurt, chemically composed of gluconic acid bonded to galactose. Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate has antioxidant, antimicrobial, chelating, stabilizer, acidulant and humectant properties. Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate can be obtained by electrolytic methods, microbial fermentation or biocatalytic approaches. Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate can be used in foodstuffs, to produce new functional products and against food-borne pathogens. Lactobionic acid calcium dihydrate inhibits DNA repair and protein synthesis, induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of metabolic pathways against MRSA .

HY-13067G

Celastrol (GMP)

Tripterine (GMP); Tripterin (GMP)

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P10409

SHLP2 Small humanin-like peptide 2	Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)	Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease
SHLP2 (Small humanin-like peptide 2) is a small molecule peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, belonging to mitochondria derived peptide. SHLP2 has the activity of regulating apoptosis and inhibits cell death. SHLP2 binds to mitochondrial complex 1. SHLP2 improves mitochondrial metabolism by increasing respiration and biogenesis, reducing ROS, and decreasing mtDNA oxidation. SHLP2 also regulated energy homeostasis through the activation of hypothalamic neurons. SHLP2 can be used in the study of diseases related to mitochondrial dysfunction and anti-aging diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration and Parkinson’s disease .

HY-P5265

Tetrapeptide	DNA/RNA Synthesis	Metabolic Disease
Tetrapeptide, an analogue of α-MSH, induces melanin synthesis. Tetrapeptide diminishes DNA damage by reducing the production of reactive oxidative species and enhancing repair of DNA photoproducts .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-130801

5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine 5-OHdU	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5-OHdU) is a major stable oxidation product of 2'-Deoxycytidine. 5-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine can be incorporated into DNA in vitro by DNA polymerase .

HY-113338

8-Hydroxyguanine 8-Oxoguanine; 8-oxo-Gua	Natural Products Immune System Disorder Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease markers Other Diseases Endocrine diseases Nervous System Disorder Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
8-Hydroxyguanine is a DNA damage product under oxidative stress, which is formed when hydroxyl radicals attack guanine in DNA. 8-Hydroxyguanine induces mutagenesis and leads to a transversion from G to T. 8-Hydroxyguanine is a marker of DNA oxidative damage .

HY-N6828

Monocrotaline N-Oxide	Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Source classification Metabolic Disease Plants Crotalaria pallida Ait. Disease Research Fields	Others
Monocrotaline N-Oxide, a monocrotaline metabolite, leads to DNA adduct formation in vivo .

HY-113306

1-Methyladenine	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
1-Methyladenine is a product of alkylation damage in DNA which can be repaired by damage reversal by oxidative demethylation.

HY-W004924

5-Hydroxymethyluracil	Natural Products Other disease Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease markers Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite
5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase.

HY-N16478

Echihumiline	Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids Structural Classification Alkaloids Source classification Plants Boraginaceae Echium humile Desf.	Cytochrome P450
Echihumiline is an alkaloid targeting hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450). Echihumiline induces DNA cross-linking and oxidative stress in hepatocytes, leading to liver necrosis and fibrosis. Echihumiline is promising for research of liver diseases .

HY-116832

Retrorsine N-oxide	Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Source classification Plants Compositae Baptisia australis (L.) R. Br. Disease Research Fields Cancer	NO Synthase
Retrorsine N-oxide, an N-oxide of pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is a carcinogen. Retrorsine N-oxide-derived DNA adducts are common toxicological biomarkers of pyrrolizidine alkaloid N-oxides .

HY-N6828R

Monocrotaline N-Oxide (Standard)	Alkaloids Pyrrole Alkaloids Leguminosae Source classification Crotalaria pallida Ait. Plants	Reference Standards Others
Monocrotaline N-Oxide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Monocrotaline N-Oxide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Monocrotaline N-Oxide, a monocrotaline metabolite, leads to DNA adduct formation in vivo .

HY-W004924R

5-Hydroxymethyluracil (Standard)	Natural Products Other disease Source classification Disease markers Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase.

HY-113091

Alpha-Tocotrienol	Monophenols Animals Source classification Phenols Endogenous metabolite	Apoptosis
Alpha-Tocotrienol is a vitamin E analog with anti-apoptotic neuroprotective action and antioxidant properties. Alpha-Tocotrienol prevents oxidative stress-independent apoptotic cell death, DNA cleavage, and nuclear morphological changes .

HY-N5070

Depressine Depressin	Monophenols other families Classification of Application Fields Source classification Other Diseases Phenols Plants Disease Research Fields	Biochemical Assay Reagents
Depressine is an iridoid glycoside that can be isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Gentiana depressa. Depressine can be used to reduce oxidative DNA base damage and strand breaks that are prone to occur during the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) .

HY-N0594

Deacetylasperulosidic Acid	Iridoids Classification of Application Fields Terpenoids Source classification Rubiaceae Plants Morinda officinalis How Disease Research Fields Inflammation/Immunology	Interleukin Related
Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent of Morinda citrifolia fruit. Deacetylasperulosidic acidhas antioxidant activity by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Deacetylasperulosidic acid has anticlastogenic activity, suppressing the induction of chromosome aberrations in hamster ovary cells and mice . Deacetylasperulosidic acid prevents 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) induced *DNA* damage in vitro, suppresses IL-2 production along with the activation of natural killer cells .

HY-N0720

Neobavaisoflavone 10+ Cited Publications	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Leguminosae Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Psoralea corylifolia L. Plants Disease Research Fields Isoflavones Cancer	Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis
Neobavaisoflavone, a flavonoid, is isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia. Neobavaisoflavone exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation activities. Neobavaisoflavone inhibits DNA polymerase at moderate to high concentrations. Neobavaisoflavone also inhibits platelet aggregation .

HY-D0185R

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (Standard)	Natural Products Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (Standard) is the analytical standard of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen 1O2, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-113303R

FAPy-adenine (Standard)	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
FAPy-adenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of FAPy-adenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. FAPy-adenine is an oxidized DNA base. Fapy-adenine shows an increased trend levels in the Alzheimer's disease brain. Oxidized nucleosides are biochemical markers for tumors, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases .

HY-113303

FAPy-adenine 1 Publications Verification	Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
FAPy-adenine is an oxidized DNA base. Fapy-adenine shows an increased trend levels in the Alzheimer's disease brain. Oxidized nucleosides are biochemical markers for tumors, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases .

HY-N0594R

Deacetylasperulosidic Acid (Standard)	Iridoids Terpenoids Source classification Rubiaceae Plants Morinda officinalis How	Reference Standards Interleukin Related
Deacetylasperulosidic Acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Deacetylasperulosidic Acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Deacetylasperulosidic acid (DAA) is a major phytochemical constituent of Morinda citrifolia fruit. Deacetylasperulosidic acidhas antioxidant activity by increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Deacetylasperulosidic acid has anticlastogenic activity, suppressing the induction of chromosome aberrations in hamster ovary cells and mice . Deacetylasperulosidic acid prevents 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) induced DNA damage in vitro, suppresses IL-2 production along with the activation of natural killer cells .

HY-B0986

Hexylresorcinol 4-Hexylresorcinol	Infection Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Parasite Bacterial Apoptosis Glycosidase Endogenous Metabolite
Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a natural compound found in plants with antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antiseptic and antitumor activities. Hexylresorcinol can induce apoptosis in squamous carcinoma cells. Hexylresorcinol is a reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Hexylresorcinol has protective effects against oxidative DNA damage .

HY-113314

AFMK	Alkaloids Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Source classification Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
AFMK, antioxidant metabolite of Melatonin, attenuates X-ray-induced oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids in mice. AFMK is a poorer scavenger. The pK_a of AFMK at physiological pH is 8.7. Antioxidant capacity . AFMK improves the anti-tumor effect of Gemcitabine in PANC-1 cells through the modulation of apoptotic pathway .

HY-N0720R

Neobavaisoflavone (Standard)	Flavonoids Leguminosae Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Psoralea corylifolia L. Plants Isoflavones	Reference Standards Apoptosis DNA/RNA Synthesis
Neobavaisoflavone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neobavaisoflavone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neobavaisoflavone, a flavonoid, is isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia. Neobavaisoflavone exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-oxidation activities. Neobavaisoflavone inhibits DNA polymerase at moderate to high concentrations. Neobavaisoflavone also inhibits platelet aggregation .

HY-W040129

Chromomycin A3 1 Publications Verification	Microorganisms Source classification	DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA/RNA Synthesis Apoptosis Caspase
Chromomycin A3 is an inhibitor that selectively binds to *GC-rich DNA* sequences*. Chromomycin A3 targets the DNA* minor groove after forming a dimer with Mg ²⁺. Chromomycin A3 inhibits DNA replication and transcription, blocks the binding of Sp1 transcription factor to target gene promoters, downregulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as FLIP, Mcl-1, and XIAP, and induces S-phase cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in tumor cells. Chromomycin A3 can antagonize oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion and neuronal apoptosis induced by Camptothecin (HY-15660). Chromomycin A3 can be used in basic research on malignant tumors such as cholangiocarcinoma, and is a potential chemosensitizer and GC-rich region probe .

HY-13067

Celastrol Maximum Cited Publications 52 Publications Verification Tripterine; Tripterin	Triterpenes Classification of Application Fields Anti-aging Terpenoids Source classification Celastraceae Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Plants Inflammation/Immunology Disease Research Fields Cancer	Proteasome Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Antibiotic Bacterial
Celastrol (Tripterine;Tripterin) is a proteasome inhibitor which potently and preferentially inhibits the chymotrypsin-like activity of a purified 20S proteasome with IC₅₀ of 2.5 μM. In addition, Celastrol is also an antibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against standard and clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting DNA synthesis by binding to P5CDH .

HY-B0986R

Hexylresorcinol (Standard) 4-Hexylresorcinol (Standard)	Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Parasite Bacterial Apoptosis Glycosidase Endogenous Metabolite
Hexylresorcinol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hexylresorcinol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hexylresorcinol (4-Hexylresorcinol) is a natural compound found in plants with antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antiseptic and antitumor activities. Hexylresorcinol can induce apoptosis in squamous carcinoma cells. Hexylresorcinol is a reversible and noncompetitive inhibitor of α-glucosidase. Hexylresorcinol has protective effects against oxidative DNA damage .

HY-B1777A

Spermine tetrahydrochloride 4 Publications Verification	Natural Products Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA/RNA Synthesis
Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine tetrahydrochloride occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striarum dose-dependently. Spermine can reversibly inhibits *DNA* synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells .

HY-B1777

Spermine 4 Publications Verification NSC 268508; Neuridine	Natural Products Human Gut Microbiota Metabolites Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Metabolic Disease Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA/RNA Synthesis
Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striarum dose-dependently. Spermine can reversibly inhibits *DNA* synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells. Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine tetrahydrochloride occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro .

HY-138071

8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate 8αTGH	Terpenoids Sesquiterpenes Source classification Plants Compositae Dalbergia frutescens (Vell.) Britton	STAT Pyroptosis Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) c-Myc Bcl-2 Family TrxR
8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate (8αTGH) is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate induces early oxidative stress and pyroptosis, and late DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis in the TNBC cells. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo .

HY-N7046

Silybin B Silibinin B	Flavanonols Flavonoids Glycine soya Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. Plants Compositae	Amyloid-β Apoptosis JNK p38 MAPK
Silybin B (Silibinin B) is an orally active amyloid-β aggregation inhibitor and ATR pathway activator, that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Silybin B inhibits Aβ fibril formation and promotes amorphous aggregate formation, while activating the ATR-mediated DNA damage repair pathway and inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Silybin B can reduce Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. Silybin B has anti-oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation and neuroprotective activities. Silybin B is mainly used in the study of Alzheimer's disease and Cisplatin chemotherapy-related neurotoxicity .

HY-W040129R

Chromomycin A3 (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification	Reference Standards Bacterial Fungal Apoptosis Antibiotic
Chromomycin A3 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chromomycin A3 (HY-W040129). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chromomycin A3 is an inhibitor that selectively binds to *GC-rich DNA* sequences*. Chromomycin A3 targets the DNA* minor groove after forming a dimer with Mg ²⁺. Chromomycin A3 inhibits DNA replication and transcription, blocks the binding of Sp1 transcription factor to target gene promoters, downregulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins such as FLIP, Mcl-1, and XIAP, and induces S-phase cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis in tumor cells. Chromomycin A3 can antagonize oxidative stress induced by glutathione depletion and neuronal apoptosis induced by Camptothecin (HY-15660). Chromomycin A3 can be used in basic research on malignant tumors such as cholangiocarcinoma, and is a potential chemosensitizer and GC-rich region probe .

HY-B1777AR

Spermine tetrahydrochloride (Standard)	Natural Products Source classification Endogenous metabolite	Reference Standards Endogenous Metabolite Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) DNA/RNA Synthesis
Spermine (tetrahydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Spermine (tetrahydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine tetrahydrochloride occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striarum dose-dependently. Spermine can reversibly inhibits DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells .

HY-N7059

Lactobionic acid	Infection Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Disease Research Fields Saccharides	Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Lactobionic acid is a bionic acid that can be naturally found in the Caspian Sea yogurt and chemically constituted of a gluconic acid bonded to a galactose. Lactobionic acid has antioxidant, antimicrobial, chelating, stabilizer, acidulant, and moisturizing properties. Lactobionic acid can be obtained by electrolytic methods, microbial fermentation or biocatalytic approaches. Lactobionic acid can be used in foodstuffs, to produce new functional products and against food-borne pathogens. Lactobionic acid inhibits DNA repair and protein synthesis, induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of metabolic pathways against MRSA .

HY-N7046R

Silybin B (Standard) Silibinin B (Standard)	Flavanonols Flavonoids Glycine soya Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub. Plants Compositae	Reference Standards JNK Amyloid-β p38 MAPK Apoptosis
Silybin (Silibinin B) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Silybin B (HY-N7046). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Silybin B (Silibinin B) is an orally active amyloid-β aggregation inhibitor and ATR pathway activator, that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Silybin B inhibits Aβ fibril formation and promotes amorphous aggregate formation, while activating the ATR-mediated DNA damage repair pathway and inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Silybin B can reduce Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. Silybin B has anti-oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation and neuroprotective activities. Silybin B is mainly used in the study of Alzheimer's disease and Cisplatin chemotherapy-related neurotoxicity .

HY-N7059R

Lactobionic acid (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification Saccharides	Reference Standards Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Lactobionic acid (Standard) is an analytical standard for lactobionic acid. This product is intended for use in research and analytical applications. Lactobionic acid is a bionic acid that can be naturally found in the Caspian Sea yogurt and chemically constituted of a gluconic acid bonded to a galactose. Lactobionic acid has antioxidant, antimicrobial, chelating, stabilizer, acidulant, and moisturizing properties. Lactobionic acid can be obtained by electrolytic methods, microbial fermentation or biocatalytic approaches. Lactobionic acid can be used in foodstuffs, to produce new functional products and against food-borne pathogens. Lactobionic acid inhibits DNA repair and protein synthesis, induction of oxidative stress and inhibition of metabolic pathways against MRSA .

HY-133178

Urolithin D 3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy urolithin	Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields Cancer	Ephrin Receptor PPAR AMPK
Urolithin D (3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy urolithin) is a colonic metabolite of Ellagitannins and a competitive, reversible, and selective antagonist of the EphA receptor. Urolithin D inhibits EphA2-ephrin-A1 binding with an IC₅₀ of 0.9 μM. Urolithin D is also a potent antioxidant that scavenges free radicals and repairs oxidized DNA damage. Additionally, Urolithin D suppresses triglyceride accumulation and promotes fatty acid oxidation by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. Urolithin D can be used for research on tumors, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases .

HY-N7690

3,5,7,3′,4′-Pentamethoxyflavone	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavones Metabolic Disease Plants Disease Research Fields Zingiberaceae	Calcium Channel
3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone is a Ca ²⁺ channel inhibitor. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can protect DNA from oxidative damage. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can induce relaxation of the human corpus cavernosum through calcium mobilization-related mechanisms. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can promote the expression of eNOS and cystathionine gamma lyase CSE proteins in middle-aged male rats and regulate vascular function. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can be used in research related to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases .

HY-N7690R

3,5,7,3′,4′-Pentamethoxyflavone (Standard)	Flavonoids Flavones Plants Zingiberaceae	Calcium Channel
3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone is a Ca2+ channel inhibitor. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can protect DNA from oxidative damage. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can induce relaxation of the human corpus cavernosum through calcium mobilization-related mechanisms. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can promote the expression of eNOS and cystathionine gamma lyase CSE proteins in middle-aged male rats and regulate vascular function. 3,5,7,3’,4’-Pentamethoxyflavone can be used in research related to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases .

HY-W010451

1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene Hydroxyhydroquinone	Cardiovascular Disease Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Disease Research Fields	PERK Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) Potassium Channel Apoptosis
1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone) is an ER stress inducer that targets proteins such as PKR-like ER kinase PERK to induce cytotoxicity. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene selectively activates eIF2α phosphorylation, activates the PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway and induces stress granule formation. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene subsequently exacerbates oxidative stress and causes DNA double-strand breaks, destroying organelles such as mitochondria and ER, and inducing cell death. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene also has the potential to exhibit anti-tumor effect, increase blood pressure, and relieve spasm .

HY-133178R

Urolithin D (Standard) 3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy urolithin (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification Phenols Polyphenols	Reference Standards Ephrin Receptor PPAR AMPK
Urolithin D (Standard) (3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy urolithin (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Urolithin D (HY-133178). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urolithin D (3,4,8,9-Tetrahydroxy urolithin) is a colonic metabolite of Ellagitannins and a competitive, reversible, and selective antagonist of the EphA receptor. Urolithin D inhibits EphA2-ephrin-A1 binding with an IC₅₀ of 0.9 μM. Urolithin D is also a potent antioxidant that scavenges free radicals and repairs oxidized DNA damage. Additionally, Urolithin D suppresses triglyceride accumulation and promotes fatty acid oxidation by activating the AMPK signaling pathway. Urolithin D can be used for research on tumors, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases .

HY-N0245

Theaflavin-3-gallate	Flavonoids Classification of Application Fields Flavanols Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Disease Research Fields Theaceae Cancer	Apoptosis MDM-2/p53 ATM/ATR Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
Theaflavin-3-gallate, a black tea theaflavin monomer, is regarded as the biologically important active component of black tea and provides health benefits. Theaflavin-3-gallate acts as prooxidants and induces oxidative stress in the carcinoma cells. Theaflavin-3-gallate reacts directly with reduced glutathione (GSH) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells through p53-dependent pathways. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces DNA damage through ATM/Chk/p53 pathway .

HY-N0245R

Theaflavin-3-gallate (Standard)	Flavonoids Flavanols Source classification Phenols Polyphenols Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Ktze. Plants Theaceae	Reference Standards Apoptosis MDM-2/p53 ATM/ATR Checkpoint Kinase (Chk)
Theaflavin-3-gallate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theaflavin-3-gallate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theaflavin-3-gallate, a black tea theaflavin monomer, is regarded as the biologically important active component of black tea and provides health benefits. Theaflavin-3-gallate acts as prooxidants and induces oxidative stress in the carcinoma cells. Theaflavin-3-gallate reacts directly with reduced glutathione (GSH) in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces apoptosis and G1 cell cycle arrest in ovarian cancer A2780/CP70 cells through p53-dependent pathways. Theaflavin-3-gallate induces DNA damage through ATM/Chk/p53 pathway .

HY-W010451R

1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Standard) Hydroxyhydroquinone (Standard)	Microorganisms Source classification Phenols Polyphenols	Reference Standards PERK Potassium Channel Apoptosis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF)
1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone) (Standard) is the analytical standard of 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (HY-W010451). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Hydroxyhydroquinone) is an ER stress inducer that targets proteins such as PKR-like ER kinase PERK to induce cytotoxicity. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene selectively activates eIF2α phosphorylation, activates the PERK-eIF2α signaling pathway and induces stress granule formation. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene subsequently exacerbates oxidative stress and causes DNA double-strand breaks, destroying organelles such as mitochondria and ER, and inducing cell death. 1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene also has the potential to exhibit anti-tumor effect, increase blood pressure, and relieve spasm .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-W004924S

5-Hydroxymethyluracil-d3
5-Hydroxymethyluracil-d₃ is the deuterium labeled 5-Hydroxymethyluracil . 5-Hydroxymethyluracil is a product of oxidative DNA damage. 5-Hydroxymethyluracil can be used as a potential epigenetic mark enhancing or inhibiting transcription with bacterial RNA polymerase .

HY-B1777AS

Spermine-d8 tetrahydrochloride

Spermine-d₈ (tetrahydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Spermine tetrahydrochloride. Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine tetrahydrochloride occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striarum dose-dependently. Spermine can reversibly inhibits DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells .

HY-W015490S

1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6

1,4-Naphthoquinone-d₆ is the deuterium labeled 1,4-Naphthoquinone. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is an inhibitor with broad-spectrum inhibitory activity targeting DNA polymerase, NF-κB and monoamine oxidase (MAO-A/B), with antibacterial and anti-biofilm efficacy. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a competitive inhibitor of MAO-B (Ki=1.4 μM) and a non-competitive inhibitor of MAO-A (Ki=7.7 μM). 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits DNA polymerase pol α, β, γ, δ, ε, λ with IC₅₀ ranging from 5.57-128 μM. 1,4-Naphthoquinone inhibits tumor cell proliferation, induces apoptosis and necrosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activities by inducing oxidative stress, depleting glutathione (GSH), inhibiting DNA polymerase-mediated DNA synthesis and blocking NF-κB nuclear translocation. 1,4-Naphthoquinone can be used in anti-bacterial , anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory studies, including inhibition of melanoma and colon cancer cell growth and endothelial cell function, as well as LPS-induced inflammation models .

HY-133676S

Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate-d4

Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate-d₄ is a deuterium labeled Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (HY-133676). Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate is an oxidative metabolite of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate may protective sperm DNA damage. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is the predominant plasticizer added to rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to impart flexibility, temperature tolerance, optical clarity, strength and resistance to kinking .

HY-133677S

Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate-d4

Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate-d₄ (MEHHP-d₄) is a deuterium labeled Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (HY-133677). Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) is an oxidative metabolite of Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). Mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate may protective sperm DNA damage. Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate is the predominant plasticizer added to rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC) to impart flexibility, temperature tolerance, optical clarity, strength and resistance to kinking .

HY-W768213

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate-13C5

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate- ¹³C₅ is the ¹³C-labeled 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate (HY-D0185). 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen 1O2, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-123230S1

Trifloxystrobin-d3
Trifloxystrobin-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Trifloxystrobin (HY-123230). Trifloxystrobin (CGA 279202) is a type of fungicide. Trifloxystrobin has toxicity, antiparasitic activity and induce apoptosis, oxidative stress and DNA damage. Trifloxystrobin can be used for the reaesrch of fungal diseases .

HY-W001187S

Tempo-d18
Tempo-d₁₈ is the deuterium labeled Tempo . Tempo is a classic nitroxide radical and is a selective scavenger of ROS that dismutases superoxide in the catalytic cycle. Tempo induces DNA-strand breakage. Tempo can be used as an organocatalyst for the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. Tempo has mutagenic and antioxidant effects .

HY-W740121

4-Methoxy-d3 17b-estradiol
4-Methoxy-d₃ 17b-estradiol is the deuterium labeled 4-Methoxyestradiol (HY-148296). 4-Methoxyestradiol is methoxylestradiol that induces oxidative DNA damage in human lung epithelial cells. 4-Methoxyestradiol also elevates ROS and SOD activities in H1355 cells .

HY-N7046S

Silybin B-d3

Silybin B-d₃ (Silibinin B-d₃) is a deuterated Silybin B (HY-N7046). Silybin B (Silibinin B) is an orally active amyloid-β aggregation inhibitor and ATR pathway activator, that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Silybin B inhibits Aβ fibril formation and promotes amorphous aggregate formation, while activating the ATR-mediated DNA damage repair pathway and inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK signaling. Silybin B can reduce Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced neuronal DNA damage and apoptosis. Silybin B has anti-oxidative stress, cell cycle regulation and neuroprotective activities. Silybin B is mainly used in the study of Alzheimer's disease and Cisplatin chemotherapy-related neurotoxicity .

Cat. No.	Product Name		Classification

HY-131394

5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine 5hmdC		Nucleoside Analogs Cytidine
5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine (5hmdC) is an oxidation derivative of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC) in DNA. 5-Hydroxymethyl-2’-deoxycytidine may serve as a marker of irreversibly damaged cells .

HY-W341499

5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine		Nucleoside Analogs Uridine
5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine is a product formed when the 5-methyl group of thymine in DNA undergoes oxidation due to exposure to gamma radiation or certain chemical agents. Serving as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage, 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine is employed in investigations of DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Additionally, 5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine can be used in studies involving chemically crosslinking with peptides derived from the RecA protein .

HY-D0185

2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate 5 Publications Verification		Nucleoside Analogs Guanosine
2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate is a nucleoside composed of guanine and deoxyribose, and is one of the basic building blocks of DNA. In the oxidation reaction mediated by singlet oxygen ¹O₂, the guanine base of 2'-Deoxyguanosine is easily oxidized to generate two major products, 4,8-dihydro-4-hydroxy-8-oxodG and 7,8-dihydro-8-oxodG. The oxidation products of 2'-Deoxyguanosine monohydrate may participate in DNA damage, which may affect gene expression or induce cancer .

HY-111646

N6-Etheno 2'-deoxyadenosine		Nucleoside Analogs Adenosine
N6-Etheno 2'-deoxyadenosine is a reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-induced DNA oxidation product, used as a biomarker to evaluate chronic inflammation and lipid peroxidation in animal or human tissues .

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DNA oxidation

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