2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

PDF 4.04 MB

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0166S
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C6
    		99.90%
    L-Ascorbic acid-13C6 is the 13C-labeled L-Ascorbic acid. L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate), an electron donor, is an endogenous antioxidant agent. L-Ascorbic acid inhibits selectively Cav3.2 channels with an IC50 of 6.5 μM. L-Ascorbic acid is also a collagen deposition enhancer and an elastogenesis inhibitor. L-Ascorbic acid exhibits anti-cancer effects through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and selective damage to cancer cells.
    L-Ascorbic acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-W041080
    3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol
    		Activator 99.98%
    3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol is an volatile organic compound with anti-biofilm and antifungal activities. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol induces accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C. albicans cells. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol also has antibacterial activities.
    3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol
  • HY-N5092
    7-Methylcoumarin
    		99.93%
    7-Methylcoumarin is a coumarin derivative with potent hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties. 7-Methylcoumarin is a mechanism-based inhibitor for CYP2A6. 7-Methylcoumarin significantly decreases alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and serum bilirubin (TB) in rats with CCl4-induced liver damage, whilst restoring total protein (TP) and albumin (TA) levels in serum as well as preventing oxidative stress. 7-Methylcoumarin can decline mitotic activity of A. sativum promeristem.
    7-Methylcoumarin
  • HY-D1156A
    HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) hydrobromide
    		99.55%
    HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) hydrobromide is a O2 fluorescent probe for mitochondria-targeting (Ex/Em=509/534nm; green), exhibiting excellent selectivity and sensitivity toward O2 over a broad range of pH, strong oxidants, and abundant reductants found in cells.
    HKSOX-1m (5/6-mixture) hydrobromide
  • HY-111237
    Butyrolactone I
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    Butyrolactone I is an orally active and ATP-competitive inhibitor of CDK1. Butyrolactone I inhibits NF-κB, cdc2 kinase, Bax, ROS production, modulates the PERK/CHOP. Butyrolactone I mitigates heat-stress-induced Apoptosis. Butyrolactone I shows anti-inflammatory and intestinal protective activity. Butyrolactone I has antitumor effects against non-small cell lung, small cell lung, prostate cancer and leukemia. Butyrolactone I can be used in NASH research.
    Butyrolactone I
  • HY-W007539
    2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is a pharmaceutical intermediate that can be used to synthesize various Schiff base compounds. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde exhibits significant anti angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde reduces the production of NO and ROS by inhibiting the expression of iNOS and COX-2. 2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde is commonly used in the study of inflammatory conditions.
    2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde
  • HY-B0914
    10-Undecenoic acid,98% (stabilized with TBC)
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    10-Undecenoic acid (Undecylenic acid) is an antifungal agent. 10-Undecenoic acid inhibits Aβ oligomerization, scavenges ROS and inhibits μ-calpain activity. 10-Undecenoic acid has neuroprotective effects. 10-Undecenoic acid has anticancer effects on a variety of tumors. 10-Undecenoic acid inhibits C. albicans biofilm formation and MRSA infection. 10-Undecenoic acid inhibits quorum sensing signals of Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
    10-Undecenoic acid,98% (stabilized with TBC)
  • HY-W002016
    Phthalazine
    		Inducer 99.97%
    Phthalazine is a substrate for human aldehyde oxidase 1, which can lead to the production of ROS and subsequent enzyme inactivation. Phthalazine is a nitrogen-containing organic heterocyclic compound. Phthalazine exhibits antitumor activity in blood cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer and renal cancer.
    Phthalazine
  • HY-W026772
    Fluorene
    		Inducer 99.35%
    Fluorene is an orally active polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and a precursor to other fluorene-based compounds. Fluorene and its derivatives serve as dye precursors for fluorene synthesis. In A549 cells, Fluorene induces oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by increasing ROS and SOD generation, exacerbating lipid peroxidation, modulating antioxidant enzyme activity, and upregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6. In vivo, Fluorene exhibits anxiolytic activity. Fluorene holds potential for research in inflammation and neurological disorders.
    Fluorene
  • HY-N3242
    Moronic acid
    		Inhibitor 98.6%
    Moronic Acid is a triterpenoid compound, which is an orally available anti-HIV agent with anti-inflammatory activity. Moronic Acid can inhibit viral replication, with an EC50 value of <1 μg/mL. Moronic Acid can be isolated from Brazilian propolis.
    Moronic acid
  • HY-136563
    RA375
    		Activator 99.31%
    RA375 is a RPN13 (26S proteasome regulatory subunit) inhibitor. RA375 activates UPR signaling, ROS production and apoptosis. RA375 exhibits ten-fold greater activity against cancer lines than RA190, reflecting its nitro ring substituents and the addition of a chloroacetamide warhead.
    RA375
  • HY-107744
    Nalmefene
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    Nalmefene is a BBB-penetrable opioid receptor modulator. Nalmefene is an antagonist of MOR and DOR, and a partial agonist of KOR. Nalmefene has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities. Nalmefene can be used in the research of reducing alcohol-dependent disorders.
    Nalmefene
  • HY-B0166G
    L-Ascorbic acid (GMP)
    		Inhibitor
    L-Ascorbic acid (L-Ascorbate) (GMP) is Ascorbic acid (HY-B0166) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. L-Ascorbic acid is an inhibitor of Cav 3.2 channels.
    L-Ascorbic acid (GMP)
  • HY-N0337S
    Eugenol-d3
    		98.52%
    Eugenol-d3 is the deuterium labeled Eugenol. Eugenol is an essential oil found in cloves with antibacterial, anthelmintic and antioxidant activity. Eugenol is shown to inhibit lipid peroxidation.
    Eugenol-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-B1453
    (±)-Carnitine chloride
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    (±)-Carnitine chloride exists in two isomers, known as D and L. L-carnitine plays an essential role in the β-oxidation of fatty acids and also shows antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
    (±)-Carnitine chloride
  • HY-W014395
    Dithiodipropionic acid
    		Inducer 99.0%
    Dithiodipropionic acid can interact with CPUL1 (HY-151802) (a TrxR inhibitor) to form nanoaggregates (CPUL1-DA NAs). CPUL1-DA NAs generates more abundant ROS to induce cell apoptosis than that of free CPUL1, and improves antitumor efficacy against HUH7 cancer cells.
    Dithiodipropionic acid
  • HY-N8572
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
    		Inhibitor 98.55%
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is a lipophilic flavone, can be isolated from the leaves of Primula veris. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can reduce the synthesis and accumulation of PARP and protect cortical neurones against cell death induced by Parthanatos. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is also an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist in human breast cancer cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can promote the proliferation of human hematopoietic stem cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone has various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, hypolipidaemic, and neuroprotective or neurotrophic effects.
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
  • HY-W014223
    2,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone
    		Inhibitor 98.00%
    2,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone (Ultraviolet absorber UV-0) occupies the hydrophobic pocket of MD2 and blocks the dimerization of TLR4. 2,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone inhibits the LPS induced mtROS production, and LPS induced inflammatory response by downregulating pro-inflammatory mediators and decreasing the expression of MyD88, p-IRAK4, and NF-κB. 2,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone is also a UV absorber.
    2,4′-Dihydroxybenzophenone
  • HY-W115786
    Kaolin
    		Activator
    Kaolin is a family of kaolinitic clays, which is found in the earth's crust. Kaolin alleviates the toxicity of graphene oxide for mammalian cells. Kaolin can be utilized in industrial, cosmetic and medical fields, excipient.
    Kaolin
  • HY-B2239
    Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate
    		98.37%
    Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate is a lipophilic flavin derivative with antioxidative and lipid peroxide-removing activity.
    Riboflavin Tetrabutyrate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity