2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Related Products

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-107208R
    Procyanidol B4 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Procyanidol B4 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Procyanidol B4 (HY-107208). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Procyanidol B4 ((-)-Procyanidin B4) is an orally active polyphenol found in Q.gilva. Procyanidol B4 exerts antioxidant activity by scavenging DPPH (HY-112053) (IC50: 12.15 μM) and Nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) (HY-15925) (IC50: 8.67 μM). Procyanidol B4 exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of COX-2 and IL-1β and iNOS .
    Procyanidol B4 (Standard)
  • HY-N0105R
    Rhein (Standard)
    Rhein (Standard) is the analytical standard of Rhein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.
    Rhein (Standard)
  • HY-B0347S1
    Lacidipine-13C8
    Lacidipine-13C8 is the deuterium labeled Lacidipine. Lacidipine is an orally active and highly selective L-type calcium channel blocker that acts on smooth muscle calcium channels, primarily dilates peripheral arteries, reduces peripheral resistance, and has long-lasting anti-hypertensive activity. Lacidipine protects HKCs from apoptosis induced by ATP depletion and recovery by modulating the caspase-3 pathway. Lacidipine can be used in studies of hypertension, atherosclerosis and acute kidney injury (AKI).
    Lacidipine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>8</sub>
  • HY-B0835R
    Fenobucarb (Standard)
    		Activator
    Fenobucarb (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fenobucarb. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fenobucarb is a carbamate insecticide. Fenobucarb induces zebrafish developmental neurotoxicity through pathways involved in inflammation, oxidative stress, degeneration and apoptosis. Fenobucarb is a possible risk factor to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular systems in animals.
    Fenobucarb (Standard)
  • HY-N2124R
    Parishin B (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Parishin B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Parishin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Parishin B is a parishin metabolite that can be isolated from Gastrodia elata with antioxidant activity.
    Parishin B (Standard)
  • HY-D0113
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone (compound 2b) is a fluorescent hydroxylated product. 7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone can be used for detecting hydroxyl radicals of DNA damage.
    7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone
  • HY-129214
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin is a spin trapping agent consists of DEPMPO (HY-120976) and Biotin (HY-B0511). (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin captures macromolecule free radicals in lesions.
    (2S,3R)-DEPMPO-Biotin
  • HY-146105
    Anticancer agent 65
    		Inducer
    Anticancer agent 65 (compound 4c) shows excellent activity in cancer cell lines, especially A549 cells, with an IC50 of 1.07 μM. Anticancer agent 65 induces S-phase arrest in A549 cells and increases the expression level of p53 and p21. Anticancer agent 65 causes apoptosis, ROS generation and collapse of MMP in A549 cells.
    Anticancer agent 65
  • HY-P10371
    PKHB1
    		Activator
    PKHB1 is a thrombospondin-1 peptide mimic with antitumor effects. PKHB1 induces mitochondrial alterations, ROS production, intracellular Ca2+ accumulation, as well calcium-dependent cell death in breast cancer cells. PKHB1 induces immune system activation through immunogenic cell death induction in breast cancer cells.
    PKHB1
  • HY-139207A
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, is used as a dietary supplement. Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride also is a natural constituent of glycosaminoglycans in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid, which when administered exogenously, exerts pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes.
    Glucosamine sulfate sodium chloride
  • HY-168300
    Antiangiogenic agent 7
    		Activator
    Antiangiogenic agent 7 (Compound 1) can induce cell apoptosis, increase Reactive Oxygen Species, and inhibit the intracellular enzyme thioredoxin reductase. Antiangiogenic agent 7 has anti-cancer activity, with an IC50 of 0.08-3.5 μM against cervical cancer cells HeLa, prostate cancer cells PC-3, and non-small cell lung cancer A549. Antiangiogenic agent 7 inhibits tumor growth in mouse xenograft models.
    Antiangiogenic agent 7
  • HY-N0502R
    Mogroside V (Standard)
    Mogroside V (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mogroside V. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mogroside V is a the major active constituent of a traditional Chinese medicine Siraitiae Fructus. Mogroside V reduces the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and enhances mitochondrial function. Mogroside V has anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic and anti-carcinogenic effects. Mogroside V can be used for diabetic diseases research.
    Mogroside V (Standard)
  • HY-175985
    MPO-IN-9
    		Inhibitor
    MPO-IN-9 is a selective inhibitor of myeloperoxidase (MPO), with an IC50 value of 3.9 nM. MPO-IN-9 inhibits MPO-mediated ROS production and protects NO-dependent vascular function by blocking MPO's chlorination and peroxidation cycles. MPO-IN-9 can be used for the study of diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
    MPO-IN-9
  • HY-12040S
    Elesclomol-d2
    Elesclomol-d2 (STA-4783-d2) is a deuterium labeled Elesclomol (HY-12040). Elesclomol (STA-4783) is a potent copper ionophore and promotes copper-dependent cell death (cuproptosis). Elesclomol specifically binds ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) α2/α3 helices and β5 strand. Elesclomol inhibits FDX1-mediated Fe-S cluster biosynthesis. Elesclomol is an oxidative stress inducer that induces cancer cell apoptosis. Elesclomol is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer. Elesclomol can be used for Menkes and associated disorders of hereditary copper deficiency research.
    Elesclomol-d<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-101445G
    Trolox (GMP)
    Trolox (GMP) is Trolox (HY-101445) produced by using GMP guidelines. GMP small molecules works appropriately as an auxiliary reagent for cell therapy manufacture. Trolox is an analogue of vitamin E with a powerful antioxidant effect. Trolox is also a powerful inhibitor of membrane damage.
    Trolox (GMP)
  • HY-179052
    Apoptosis inducer 50
    		Activator
    Apoptosis inducer 50 (Compound 5e) is an apoptosis inducer as well as an autophagy inducer agent. Apoptosis inducer 50 exhibits potent and selective anti-cancer activity against triple-negative breast cancer cells and metastatic colon cancer cells. Apoptosis inducer 50 upregulates the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bim, cleaved Caspase-9) and downregulates the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein (BCL-XL). Apoptosis inducer 50 upregulates key autophagy markers such as Beclin-1 and ATG5, and enhances the conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II., Apoptosis inducer 50 arrests cancer cells in the G1/S phase by upregulating the expression of p21 and p27 while downregulating Cyclin D1. Apoptosis inducer 50 increases the level of ROS.
    Apoptosis inducer 50
  • HY-101087R
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzenesulphonamide (HY-101087). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzenesulphonamide (Compound 1) is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Benzenesulphonamide exhibits CA II inhibitory activity. Benzenesulphonamide reduces ROS and improves the gene expression of amyloid-β40 and 42. Benzenesulphonamide is beneficial for Alzheimer's disease. Benzenesulphonamide derivatives have anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant activities. Benzenesulphonamide can be used in the research of Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, inflammatory diseases, leukemia, melanoma, lung cancer, and colon cancer.
    Benzenesulphonamide (Standard)
  • HY-175531
    EGFR-IN-169
    		Inducer
    EGFR-IN-169 is an epidermal growth factor (EGFR) (IC50 = 5.19 μM) inhibitor form panaxadiol. EGFR-IN-169 interferes with the migration and growth of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting EGFR-mediated RalA/EMT pathway. EGFR-IN-169 shows an IC50 value of 4.46 μM and SI of 16.92 for HCT-116 cells. EGFR-IN-169 inhibits CDKs activity, induces G0/G1 cycle arrest and inhibits migration and invasion. EGFR-IN-169 reduces mitochondrial membrane potential and induces apoptosis and ROS production. EGFR-IN-169 can be used for the research of cancer, such as colorectal cancer.
    EGFR-IN-169
  • HY-119695AS1
    Simvastatin acid-d9 ammonium
    		Inhibitor
    Simvastatin acid-d9 ammonium is deuterated labeled Simvastatin acid ammonium (HY-119695A). Simvastatin acid (Tenivastatin) ammonium is a potent HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor. Simvastatin acid ammonium reduces Indoxyl sulfate-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human cardiomyocytes. Simvastatin acid ammonium can also modulates OATP3A1 expression in cardiomyocytes and HEK293 cells transfected with the OATP3A1 gene.
    Simvastatin acid-d<sub>9</sub> ammonium
  • HY-B0916R
    Propoxur (Standard)
    		Activator
    Propoxue (Standard) is the analytical standard of Propoxue (HY-B0916). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Propoxur is a reversible, competitive, orally active AChE inhibitor that can cross the blood-brain barrier. Propoxur inhibits AChE activity to induce neurotoxicity, while promoting MMP-2 expression and enhancing tumor cell migration and invasion by inducing intracellular ROS generation and activating the ERK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. On the one hand, Propoxur inhibits AChE, leading to acetylcholine accumulation and causing neurological dysfunction; on the other hand, it promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation through ROS-dependent ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and upregulates MMP-2 and other invasion-related proteins. Propoxur is also a carbamate insecticide used to combat turf, forestry, and household pests.
    Propoxur (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity