NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1271)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Controls (4) Ligand (1) Inhibitors (1060) Agonists (7) Degraders (2) Activators (67) Modulators (21) Inducers (3)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-143704S

5-Aminosalicylic acid-¹³C₆ hydrochloride	Inhibitor	99.53%
5-Aminosalicylic acid-13C6 hydrochloride?(Mesalamine-13C6 hydrochloride; 5-ASA-13C6 hydrochloride; Mesalazine-13C6 hydrochloride) is the 13C labeled 5-Aminosalicylic Acidhydrochloride. 5-Aminosalicylic acid-13C6 hydrochloride?acts as a PPARγ agonist, and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB.

HY-124445

APC0576	Inhibitor
APC0576 is an inhibitor for the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, and inhibits the activation of NF-κB depedent gene (IC₅₀ is 1.0 μM for β-gal). APC0576 inhibits IL-1-induced chemokines release, and can be used in research about pathological endothelial cell activation releted diseases.

HY-D0205AS1

Carbocisteine-¹³C3-1	Inhibitor
Carbocisteine-¹³C₃-1 (Carbocysteine-¹³C₃-1) is ¹³C labeled Carbocisteine. Carbocisteine is an orally active mucolytic agent. Carbocisteine attenuates the phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and ERK1/2. Carbocisteine modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NFκB interplay. Carbocisteine inhibits Apoptosis. Carbocisteine is used in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.

HY-116115

17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid	Modulator
17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid (17-Oxo-DPA; 17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-DPA) is an electrophilic oxo-derivative (EFOX) of the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (HY-B2167). 17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid is generated during inflammation by COX-2-catalyzed mechanism in activated macrophages. 17-Oxo-7(Z),10(Z),13(Z),15(E),19(Z)-docosapentaenoic acid acts as an agonist for PPARγ and a modulator for NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide, and exhibits anti-inflammatory efficacy.

HY-15122R

Sinomenine (Standard)	Inhibitor
Sinomenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sinomenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sinomenine, an alkaloid extracted from?Sinomenium acutum, is a blocker of the NF-κB activation. Sinomenine also is an activator of μ-opioid receptor.

HY-15027S4

5-Aminosalicylic acid-d₇	Inhibitor
5-Aminosalicylic acid-d₇ (5-ASA-d₇; Mesalamie-d₇; Mesalazie-d₇) is deuterium labeled 5-Aminosalicylic Acid. 5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB. 5-Aminosalicylic acid can inhibit the activity of osteopontin (OPN).

HY-N0806R

Sweroside (Standard)	Inhibitor
Sweroside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sweroside (HY-N0806). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sweroside is an iridoid glycoside that targets multiple targets, including the Keap1/Nrf2 axis, NLRP3 inflammasome, SIRT1, NF-κB, AMPK/mTOR pathway, and caspase family. Sweroside promotes Nrf2 nuclear translocation by competitively binding to Keap1. Sweroside also inhibits oxidative stress and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by activating Nrf2, inhibits NF-κB inflammatory pathway by activating SIRT1, and promotes autophagy and induces caspase-dependent apoptosis via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Sweroside has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and lipid metabolism regulating activities, and can be used in the research of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, leukemia, acute lung injury, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and other fields.

HY-B1135R

Benzbromarone (Standard)
Benzbromarone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Benzbromarone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Benzbromarone is an orally active anti-gout agent. Benzbromarone has anti-infammatory, anti-oxidative stress and nephroprotective effects. Benzbromarone can be used for the research of hyperuricemia and gout.

HY-123581R

Quinocetone (Standard)	Activator
Quinocetone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Quinocetone (HY-123581). This product is used for research and analytical purposes. Quinocetone is an orally active animal feed additive used to increase the meat production of livestock and poultry. Quinocetone exhibits antibacterial activity against a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Quinocetone exhibits tissue-specific (liver, lymphocyte) toxicity. Quinocetone induces autophagy in cells through the ATF6/DAPK1 pathway. Quinocetone activates the NF-κB and iNOS pathways, leading to cell apoptosis, hepatocyte vacuolar degeneration and fibrosis. Quinocetone can inhibit Nrf2/HO-1 and induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress and DNA damage.

HY-B0167AR

Sodium Salicylate (Standard)	Inhibitor
Sodium Salicylate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sodium Salicylate. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.

HY-123185

(Rac)-Z-FA-FMK	Inhibitor
(Rac)-Z-FA-FMK is the racemate of Z-FA-FMK. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK is an inhibitor of cathepsin B with a K_i of 1.5 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits caspase-2, -3, -6, -7, and -9 with IC₅₀s of 6.147, 15.41, 32.45, 9.077, and 110.7 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 replication with an IC₅₀ of 11.39 μM. (Rac)-Z-FA-FMK inhibits the increased IL-1β level induced by LPS and NF-κB transactivation in macrophages.

HY-126307R

Urolithin B (Standard)	Inhibitor
Urolithin B (Standard) is the analytical standard of Urolithin B. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Urolithin B is one of Ellagitannins' slow microbial products, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Urolithin B suppresses NF-κB activity. Urolithin B suppresses JNK, ERK and Akt's oxidation, and increases AMPK's oxidation. Urolithin B is also a quantitative change factor for bone and skin quality.

HY-124284R

Hexamethylene bisacetamide (Standard)	Inhibitor
Hexamethylene bisacetamide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hexamethylene bisacetamide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) is a differentiation inducer and selective bromine domain inhibitor that can differentiate across the blood-brain barrier. Hexamethylene bisacetamide can induce tumor cell differentiation and inhibit cell proliferation, showing antitumor activity. Hexamethylene bisacetamide induces apoptosis by Notch1, Bcl-2 and p53 signaling pathways. In addition, Hexamethylene bisacetamide improves the obesity phenotype of mice.

HY-117429

Se-Aspirin	Inhibitor
Se-Aspirin is a hybrid molecule of selenium and Aspirin (HY-14654). Se-Aspirin reduces the viability of cancer cell lines, particularly colorectal cancer cells.

HY-B1114R

Gliquidone (Standard)	Inhibitor
Gliquidone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Gliquidone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Gliquidone can bind to the pancreatic β-cells and increases insulin release to regulate blood glucose levels. Gliquidone significantly decreases LPS (HY-D1056)-induced proinflammatory responses and inhibits ERK/STAT3/NF-κB phosphorylation in BV2 microglial cells. Gliquidone can suppress microgliosis, microglial hypertrophy mediated by LPS, and proinflammatory cytokine COX-2 and IL-6 levels in murine model. Gliquidone also exhibits good anticancer activity in lung carcinoma cells. Gliquidone has antioxidant property. Gliquidone can be studied in research for type 2 diabetes and cancers.

HY-101410A

SDMA (p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate)	Activator
SDMA p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate is the p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate salt form of SDMA (HY-101410). SDMA p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NO synthase) activity. SDMA p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate is an activator for NF-κB, and promotes the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α. SDMA p-hydroxyazobenzene-p′-sulfonate is stable in serum and plasma, and can be used as a kidney biomarker of hepatic and renal dysfunction.

HY-N0510R

Aristolochic acid A (Standard)	Inhibitor
Aristolochic acid A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Aristolochic acid A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Aristolochic acid A (Aristolochic acid I; TR 1736) is the main component of plant extract Aristolochic acids, which are found in various herbal plants of genus Aristolochia and Asarum. Aristolochic acid A significantly reduces both activator protein 1 (AP-1) and NF-κB activities. Aristolochic acid A reduces BLCAP gene expression in human cell lines.

HY-18620R

DZ2002 (Standard)	Inhibitor
DZ2002 (Standard) is the analytical standard of DZ2002. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. DZ2002 is an orally active, reversible and low-cytotoxic type III SAHH inhibitor (Ki=17.9 nM), with good immunosuppressive activity. DZ2002 prevents the development of experimental dermal fibrosis by reversing the profibrotic phenotype of various cell types. DZ2002 can be used in studies of autoimmune diseases such as lupus syndrome and systemic sclerosis.

HY-N8407R

Carminic acid (Standard)	Inhibitor
Carminic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Carminic acid (HY-N8407). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Carminic acid is a widely used and orally active natural red pigment that can be used in industries such as food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In addition, carminic acid has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.

HY-N0298R

Stachydrine (Standard)	Inhibitor
Stachydrine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Stachydrine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Stachydrine is a major constituent of Chinese herb leonurus heterophyllus sweet used to promote blood circulation and dispel blood stasis. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1271)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1271):