NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1232)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Controls (4) Ligand (1) Inhibitors (1029) Agonists (6) Degraders (2) Activators (63) Modulators (21) Inducers (3)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-N0218

Benzoylmesaconine	Inhibitor	99.73%
Benzoylmesaconine is a monoester-type alkaloid and is the most abundant component of Wutou decoction, which is widely used in China for rheumatoid arthritis. Benzoylmesaconine exhibits potent anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting NF-κB. Benzoylmesaconine can suppress NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inhibiting IL-1β secretion and GSDMD-N protein expression. Benzoylmesaconine reduces intracellular K⁺ efflux and disrupts NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.

HY-N0119

Naringin Dihydrochalcone	Inhibitor	99.53%
Naringin Dihydrochalcone is an artificial sweetener derived from naringin. Naringin is a major flavanone glycoside obtained from tomatoes, grapefruits, and many other citrus fruits. Naringin exhibits biological properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. Naringin suppresses NF-κB signaling pathway.

HY-W082785A

L6H21	Inhibitor	99.19%
L6H21, a Chalcone (HY-121054) derivative, is an orally active, potent and specific myeloid differentiation 2 (MD-2) inhibitor. L6H21 directly binds to MD-2 protein with a high affinity and low K_D value of 33.3 μM, blocking the formation of the LPS-TLR4/MD-2 complex. L6H21 inhibits LPS-induced expression of TNF-α and IL-6 in RAW264.7 macrophages, with IC₅₀ values of 6.58 and 8.59 μM, respectively. L6H21 can be used for alcoholic liver disease, metabolic disturbance and neuroinflammation research.

HY-18620

DZ2002	Inhibitor	99.83%
DZ2002 is an orally active, reversible and low-cytotoxic type III SAHH inhibitor (K_i=17.9 nM), with good immunosuppressive activity. DZ2002 prevents the development of experimental dermal fibrosis by reversing the profibrotic phenotype of various cell types. DZ2002 can be used in studies of autoimmune diseases such as lupus syndrome and systemic sclerosis.

HY-Y1267D

Magnesium sulfate, for cell culture	Inhibitor	≥99.0%
Magnesium sulfate, for cell culture is a bioreagent. Magnesium sulfate is a calcium antagonist and a potent L-type calcium channel inhibitor, as well as a tocolytic. Magnesium sulfate has anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, vasodilatory, and neuroprotective effects. Magnesium sulfate can be used in the research of diseases such as preeclampsia/eclampsia.

HY-49444

EN450	Degrader	98.59%
EN450 is a cysteine-reactive covalent molecular glue degrader targeting NF-κB. EN450 interacts with allosteric C111 in the E2 ubiquitin ligase UBE2D. EN450 induces the ternary complex formation between UBE2D and NFKB1. EN450 exerts its anti-proliferative effects through a Cullin E3 ligase and proteasome-dependent mechanism.

HY-P1832A

PTD-p65-P1 Peptide TFA	Inhibitor	99.14%
PTD-p65-P1 Peptide TFA is a potent, selective nuclear transcription factor NF-κB inhibitor and derives from the p65 subunit of NF-κB amino acid residues 271-282, which selectively inhibits NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory stimulation, down-regulate NF-κB-mediated gene expression and up-regulate apoptosis.

HY-N0257

Epimedin A	Inhibitor	99.43%
Epimedin A, one of the main flavonoid active components in Herba Epimedii, is orally active. Epimedin A can inhibit osteoclastogenesis, differentiation, and bone resorption. Epimedin A also possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Epimedin A can be used in the research of osteoporosis and inflammatory diseases.

HY-N6051

(-)-Maackiain	Inhibitor	99.91%
(-)-Maackiain is a pterocarpan phytoalexin produced from Sophora flavescens. (-)-Maackiain is toxic to several genera of fungal pathogens of legume and non legume hosts. (-)-Maackiain enhances the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibits the activation of NF-κB pathway, exhibiting thereby immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory activities. (-)-Maackiain is orally active.

HY-121705

Propionyl-L-carnitine	Inhibitor
Propionyl-L-carnitine is an orally active L-carnitine derivative. Propionyl-L-carnitine has a high affinity for muscle L-carnitine transferase. Propionyl-L-carnitine increases Apoptosis, Bax, and reduces NF-κB, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and survivin. Propionyl-L-carnitine activates Src kinase, Akt, induces p-AMPK and nitric oxide synthesis. Propionyl-L-carnitine alleviates cardiovascular disease, obesity, and colitis.

HY-N2086

Ethyl palmitate	Inhibitor	99.09%
Ethyl palmitate (Ethyl hexadecanoate) is a CHIKV virus inhibitor with an EC₅₀ value of 0.0068 μM. Ethyl palmitate can reduce levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and NF-κB in endotoxemic rats, showing anti-inflammatory activity.

HY-N0648

Monotropein	Inhibitor	99.09%
Monotropein is an iridoid glycoside that can be isolated from the roots of Morinda officinalis. Monotropein inhibits the expression of inflammatory mediators in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. Monotropein exerts protective effects against IL-1β-induced apoptosis and catabolic responses on osteoarthritis chondrocytes. Monotropein has cartilage protective activity. Monotropein can alleviate Cisplatin (HY-17394)-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative damage, inflammation and apoptosis through activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibition of NF-κB signaling. Monotropein can be studied in research for osteoarthritis, acute kidney injury and acute lung injury.

HY-N0492S

α-Lipoic Acid-d₅	Inhibitor
α-Lipoic Acid-d₅ is the deuterium labeled α-Lipoic Acid. α-Lipoic Acid is an antioxidant, which is an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes. α-Lipoic Acid inhibits NF-κB-dependent HIV-1 LTR activation. α-Lipoic Acid induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis in hepatoma cells.

HY-N0803

Myrcene	Inhibitor
Myrcene (β-Myrcene) is a type of aromatic compound that inhibits TNFα and NF-κB activity. Myrcene has anti-invasive action, inhibits cell cycle, and leads to cancer cell apoptosis. Myrcene has strong blood protection effect, anti-inflammation, and anti-inflammatory activity.

HY-N1500

Pulegone	Inhibitor
Pulegone is a monoterpene ketone compound widely present in the essential oils of many plants. Pulegone can also be used as a bird repellent. Pulegone has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-hyperalgesic effects. Pulegone is particularly effective against bacteria of the Salmonella species.

HY-B2082

Fursultiamine	Inhibitor	99.92%
Fursultiamine is a vitamin B₁ derivative, has anti-nociceptive and antineoplastic activity. Fursultiamine can be used for vitamin B₁?deficiency, osteoarthritis (OA) and cancer research.

HY-B1619

Cromolyn	Inhibitor	99.91%
Cromolyn (Cromoglycate) is an orally active GSK-3β inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 2.0 μM. Cromolyn is also a mast cell stabilizer that can inhibit the release of mediators from mast cells, regulate reflex bronchoconstriction, and reduce non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity, and Cromolyn can be used in the research of bronchial asthma. In addition, Cromolyn has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-histamine, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects.

HY-N2149A

Tomatidine hydrochloride	Inhibitor	99.58%
Tomatidine hydrochloride acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by blocking NF-κB and JNK signaling. Tomatidine hydrochloride activates autophagy either in mammal cells or C elegans.

HY-18976

UF010		99.83%
UF010 is a selective inhibitor of class I HDAC. UF010 has cytotoxicity to cancer cells and reduces neuroinflammation in the hippocampus. UF010 can be used for the research of neurological diseases.

HY-N0696

Sipeimine	Inhibitor	≥98.0%
Sipeimine (Imperialine) is an inhibitor targeting the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, which can competitively bind to PI3K and p65. Sipeimine inhibits PI3K/AKT phosphorylation, blocks NF-κB nuclear translocation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Sipeimine exerts anti-inflammatory activities, inhibits pyroptosis and ferroptosis, and protects the extracellular matrix. Sipeimine can reduce cartilage degradation and synovial inflammation in osteoarthritis and improve PM2.5-induced lung injury. Sipeimine is mainly used in the study of anti-inflammatory and degenerative diseases.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1232)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1232):