2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-134426
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium
    		98.00%
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium is an intermediate in the fermentation of butyric acid and the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan, and is produced from β-hydroxybutyric acid by short-chain-CoA synthase.
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium
  • HY-N0464
    D-(-)-Quinic acid
    		98.0%
    D-(-)-Quinic acid scavenges hydrogen peroxide (IC50=87.11 μg/mL) and exhibits antioxidant activity. D-(-)-Quinic acid is the inhibitor for MAO and α-Glucosidase (IC50 =93.75 μg/mL). D-(-)-Quinic acid is orally active.
    D-(-)-Quinic acid
  • HY-B0275
    Oxytetracycline
    		99.05%
    Oxytetracycline is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline potent inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.
    Oxytetracycline
  • HY-P2988
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism (Exo-α-sialidase) is an exosialidase, is often used in biochemical studies. Neuraminidase cleaves α-ketosidic linkage between the sialic (N-acetylneuraminic) acid and an adjacent sugar residue. Neuraminidase, derived from mucosal pathogens, is a virulence factor that modifies the host's response to infection.
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism
  • HY-N11848
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate
    		99.97%
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate is an endogenous metabolite that can be synthesized by glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT). D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate can be used for the research of diabetes mellitus.
    D-Glucosamine 6-phosphate
  • HY-B2162A
    Chondroitin sulfate sodium (from shark cartilage)
    		99.52%
    Chondroitin sulfate sodium (from shark cartilage), one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
    Chondroitin sulfate sodium (from shark cartilage)
  • HY-P0241
    Neuromedin B
    		99.22%
    Neuromedin B (NMB) is a member of Bombesin (BN)-like peptide family in mammals.
    Neuromedin B
  • HY-N0322R
    Cholesterol (Standard)
    Cholesterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholesterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.
    Cholesterol (Standard)
  • HY-N0830R
    Palmitic acid (Standard)
    Palmitic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Palmitic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants. PA can induce the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in in mouse granulosa cells.
    Palmitic acid (Standard)
  • HY-Y0569
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water)
    		98.0%
    D-Gluconic acid is the carboxylic acid by the oxidation with antiseptic and chelating properties.
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water)
  • HY-W011727A
    Pyridoxal 5'-​phosphate monohydrate
    		98.0%
    Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate, the active form of vitamin B6, is an essential cofactor for multiple enzymes, including aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase that catalyzes the final stage in the production of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate monohydrate is the most important coenzyme variant in the process of vitamin B6 intracellular phosphorylation and is interconvertible with other variants, including pyridoxine 5′‐phosphate (PNP) and pyridoxamine 5′‐phosphate (PMP).
    Pyridoxal 5'-​phosphate monohydrate
  • HY-Y0740
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde
    		99.67%
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde (p-anisaldehyde) is a fragrant phenolic compound. 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde has been found in many plant species including horseradish, anise, star anise. 4-Methoxybenzaldehyde is a possible neurotoxicant and it has shown effects that include mortality, attractancy, and interference with host seeking .
    4-Methoxybenzaldehyde
  • HY-113201
    Tetradecanoylcarnitine
    		99.85%
    Tetradecanoylcarnitine is a human carnitine involved in β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids.
    Tetradecanoylcarnitine
  • HY-B2233
    Phosphorylcholine chloride
    		98.0%
    Phosphorylcholine chloride (Phosphocholine chloride) is the main phospholipid component in eukaryotic biofilms. Phosphorylcholine chloride exists in commensal or pathogenic bacteria associated with eukaryotes in prokaryotes. Phosphorylcholine chloride exhibits a surprising range of immunomodulatory properties.
    Phosphorylcholine chloride
  • HY-41700
    D-Alanine
    		99.92%
    D-Alanine is a weak GlyR (inhibitory glycine receptor) and PMBA agonist, with an EC50 of 9 mM for GlyR.
    D-Alanine
  • HY-113469
    Cyclic GMP
    		99.77%
    Cyclic GMP (cGMP), an important second messenger, is a major intracellular mediator of extracellular signals such as nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs). Effects of Cyclic GMP occur through three main groups of cellular targets: cGMP-dependent protein kinases (PKGs), cGMP-gated cation channels, and PDEs. Cyclic GMP can inhibit both platelet adhesion and aggregation. cGAMP (Cyclic-GMP-AMP) (HY-12512), a conjugate of Cyclic GMP and AMP, can induce IRF3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, enhancing antiviral immune responses.
    Cyclic GMP
  • HY-B0080
    Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate
    		98.0%
    Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate (Leucovorin calcium salt pentahydrate) is a biological folic acid and is generally administered along with methotrexate (MTX) as a rescue agent to decrease MTX-induced toxicity.
    Folinic acid calcium salt pentahydrate
  • HY-N0593S
    Deoxycholic acid-d4
    		98.0%
    Deoxycholic acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Deoxycholic acid. Deoxycholic acid is specifically responsible for activating the G protein-coupled bile acid receptor TGR5 that stimulates brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity.
    Deoxycholic acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-128738
    Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt
    		99.79%
    Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt is an endogenous metabolite.
    Thymidine-5'-monophosphate disodium salt
  • HY-14608R
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard)
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases. IC50 & Target:DA. In Vitro: L-Glutamic acid (120, 500, 750, 1000 mg/dL) can reduce the harmful effect of lithium on the embryonic development of Xenopus Xenopus.
    L-Glutamic acid (2, 5, 10, 20 mM, 24-48 h) can induce neuroexcitotoxicity in neuroblastoma.
    In Vivo: L-Glutamic acid (3 g/kg, subcutaneous injection) can promote excitotoxic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in mice.
    L-Glutamic acid (750 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can reduce and inhibit oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats.
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity