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Barbadin is a novel and selective β-arrestin/β2-adaptin interaction inhibitor, has IC50 values of 19.1 μM for β-arrestin1 and 15.6 μM for β-arrestin2. Barbadin blocks agonist-promoted endocytosis of the prototypical β2-adrenergic, V2-vasopressin and angiotensin-II type-1 receptors. Barbadin can induce apoptosis .
UNC9994, an analog of Aripiprazole, is a functionally selective β-arrestin-biased dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist with EC50 <10 nM for β-arrestin-2 recruitment to D2 receptors. UNC9994 is simultaneously partial agonists of β-arrestin-2 translocation and antagonists of Gi-regulated cAMP production. Antipsychotic Activity .
UNC9994 hydrochloride is a functionally selective, β-arrestin–biased dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist that selectively activates β-arrestin recruitment and signaling. UNC9994 hydrochloride shows a binding affinity with a Ki of 79 nM for D2R. UNC9994 hydrochloride is also an antagonist of Gi-regulated cAMP production and partial agonist for D2R/β-arrestin-2 interactions. UNC9994 hydrochloride shows antipsychotic-like activity .
Arrestin-3 modulator-1 (Compound LSH-3) is an arrestin-3 modulator. Arrestin-3 modulator-1 binds arrestin-3 at the interdomain interface. Arrestin-3 modulator-1 enhances recruitment of arrestin-3 to phosphorylation-deficient β2AR in cells with increase of FRET levels. Arrestin-3 modulator-1 can be used for congenital disorders like retinal degeneration, hyperthyroidism and obesity research .
UNC9975 is a D2R agonist that displays signaling bias via β-arrestin–ergic signaling and a simultaneously antagonist of Gi-regulated cAMP production and partial agonist for D2R/β-arrestin-2 interactions. UNC9975 can be utilized in antipsychotic research .
Noncatechol agonist-1 (19) is a Noncatechol agonist with full efficacy at both D1R-G protein and D1R-β-arrestin2 pathways, with pEC50 values of 8.41 for D1R-mediated cAMP production and 7.7 for β-arrestin2 recruitment, respectively .
TRV120027, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages β-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R-β-arrestin-1-TRPC3-PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 inhibits angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
(Rac)-Tavapadon ((Rac)-PF-06649751) is a potent and selective noncatechol dopamine D1 receptor agonist. (Rac)-Tavapadon displays potent full agonism in the GS activation assay as well as partial agonism in the β-arrestin2 recruitment assay (GS-cAMP, EC50=0.8 nM; β-arrestin2, EC50=68 nM). (Rac)-Tavapadon has antiparkinsonian activity .
M4 mAChR Modulator-1 (compound 23i) is a M4 mAChR positive allosteric modulator (PAM). M4 mAChR Modulator-1 exhibits significantly greater cooperativity with ACh in β-arrestin recruitment over G protein activation. M4 mAChR Modulator-1 displays weak PAM effect in G protein-mediated responses, but strong PAM effect in β-arrestin recruitment .
NCGC00135472 is a potent agonist of resolvin D1 receptor (DRV1), with the EC50 of 0.37 nM and 0.05 μM for β-arrestin and cAMP activities, respectively .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ?-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027?TFA induces?acute?catecholamine?secretion?through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the?acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
AAA is a potent blocker of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) receptor that binds directly to GPR75 and prevents the increases in intracellular Ca2+, IP-1 and β-arrestin .
D1/D5 Receptor agonist-1 is a highly brain-penetrant and orally active D1/D5 receptor agonist. D1/D5 Receptor agonist-1 maintains considerable efficacy in the cAMP pathway and in β-arrestin recruitment, with EC50s of 3.7 nM (D1R cAMP), 91 nM (D1R β-arrestin), 129 nM (D1R internalization) and a Ki of 111 nM (D1R binding affinity). D1/D5 Receptor agonist-1 inhibits β-arrestin signaling in a rat with L-DOPA (HY-N0304) induced dyskinesias. D1/D5 Receptor agonist-1 can be used for the study of Parkinson’s disease .
LIH383 is an agonist of ACKR3 (CXCR7) (EC50=0.61 nM). LIH383 efficiently induces the recruitment of β-arrestin to ACKR3 but does not trigger typical G protein signaling .
CYT-1010 hydrochloride is a mu-opioid receptor agonist extracted from patent WO2013173730A2, with EC50s of 13.1 nM and 0.0053 nM on beta-arrestin recruitment and inhibition of cAMP production, respectively .
VUF11207 (Compound 29) TFA is a CXCR7 agonist (pKi of 8.1) that induces recruitment of β-arrestin2 (pEC50 of 8.8) and subsequent internalization (pEC50 of 7.9) of CXCR7 .
CYT-1010 is a mu-opioid receptor agonist extracted from patent WO2013173730A2, with EC50s of 13.1 nM and 0.0053 nM on beta-arrestin recruitment and inhibition of cAMP production, respectively .
ELA-11(human), a peptide, is a full agonist of human apelin receptor, with a pKi of 7.85. ELA-11(human) completely inhibits Forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment .
5-OxoETE methyl ester is the agonist for oxoeicosanoid receptor 1 (OXER1). 5-OxoETE methyl ester binds to OXER1, and activates downstream signaling pathways β-arrestin recruitment with an EC50 of 1.54 µM .
GPR55 agonist 4 (Compound 28) is a GPR55 agonist (EC50: 131 nM, and 1.41 nM for hGPR55 and rGPR55). GPR55 agonist 4 induces β-arrestin recruitment to human GPR55 .
7-Fluorotryptamine hydrochloride is a potent agonist of GPRC5A. 7-Fluorotryptamine hydrochloride induces GPRC5A-mediated β-arrestin recruitment. 7-Fluorotryptamine hydrochloride can be used for research of immune and cancer signaling .
RS130-180 is a selective β-arrestin-biased agonist targeting the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2aR). RS130-180 is promising for research of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression .
MRS5663 (Compound 3a) is an A3AR agonist, with an EC50 of 5.62 nM for β-arrestin2 recruitment assay. MRS5663 has a cytoprotective effect on skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury/claudication model .
LIH383 TFA is an agonist of ACKR3 (CXCR7) (EC50=0.61 nM). LIH383 TFA efficiently induces the recruitment of β-arrestin to ACKR3 but does not trigger typical G protein signaling .
GPR120 Agonist 4 (example 1) is a GPR120 agonist，with the EC50 values of 1 μM and 0.35 μM for β-arrestin A and Calcium A. GPR120 Agonist 4 can be used for the research of type II diabetes mellitus .
Indacaterol xinafoate is an orally active long-acting β2-adrenergic agonist (LABA) with bronchodilatory effect. Indacaterol inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol xinafoate can be utilized in asthma research .
ML339 is a selective CXCR6 antagonist with an IC50 of 140 nM. ML339 antagonizes β-arrestin recruitment and cAMP signaling pathway of human CXCR6 receptor induced by CXCL16, with IC50 of 0.3 μM and 1.4 μM, respectively. ML339 shows weaker activity against the recruitment of β-arrestin in mouse CXCR6 receptors, with an IC50 of 18 μM. ML339 has no inhibitory effect on CXCR5，CXCR4，CXCR6 and apelin receptor (APJ), with IC50 >79 μM. ML339 has the potential to promote the development of prostate cancer research .
GPR55 agonist 3 (Compound 26) is a GPR55 agonist (EC50: 0.239 nM, and 1.76 nM for hGPR55 and rGPR55). GPR55 agonist 3 induces β-arrestin recruitment to human GPR55 (EC50: 6.2 nM) .
VUF11207 (Compound 29) is a CXCR7 agonist and a high-potency CXCR7 (pKi of 8.1) ligand that induces recruitment of β-arrestin2 (pEC50 of 8.8) and subsequent internalization (pEC50 of 7.9) of CXCR7 .
APJ receptor agonist 6 (compound 9) is a potent APJ (apelin receptor) agonist, with Ki of 1.3 μM. APJ receptor agonist 6 has EC50 values of 0.070 , 0.097, and 0.063 μM for calcium, cAMP, and β-arrestin, respectively .
CB1R Allosteric modulator 3 is a CB1R positive allosteric modulator. CB1R Allosteric modulator 3 has potent inhibition of cAMP and β-Arrestin with EC50 values of 0.018 μM and 1.241 μM, respectively .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
UNC10099984A (Compound 6) is a functionally selective ligand for the dopamine D2 receptor, with a Ki value of 4.6 nM and an EC50 value of 6.2 nM for β-arrestin. UNC10099984A can be used for research into central nervous system disorders related to the D2 receptor .
ML221 is a potent apelin (APJ) functional antagonist, inhibiting apelin-13-mediated activation of APJ, with IC50s of 0.70 μM in the cAMP assay, and 1.75 μM in the β-arrestin assay, and EC80 of 10 nM in both assays.
Indacaterol acetate is an orally active ultra-long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonist. Indacaterol acetate inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol acetate can also be used in cardiovascular disease research .
Indacaterol is an orally active ultra-long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonist. Indacaterol inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol can also be used in cardiovascular disease research .
6'-GNTI dihydrochloride, a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, displays bias toward the activation of G protein-mediated signaling over β-arrestin2 recruitment. 6'-GNTI 6'-GNTI dihydrochloride only activates the Akt pathway in striatal neurons .
ELA-21 (human) is an apelin receptor agonist with a pKi of 8.52. ELA-21 (human) completely inhibits Forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment with subnanomolar potencies. ELA-21 (human) is an agonist in G-protein-dependent and -independent pathways .
CB1R Allosteric modulator 4 is a positive allosteric modulator of cannabinoid type-1 (CB1R) with good biological activity. CB1R Allosteric modulator 4 inhibits cAMP production and shows robust activity in β-arrestin-2 recruitment .
D3R ligand 1 (compound 23b) is a potent and selective ligand of dopamine receptorD3R (Ki=66 nM), containing a THPB template. D3R ligand 1 is also an antagonist for both G-protein- and β-arrestin-based signaling .
Indacaterol maleate (QAB149) is an orally active ultra-long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonist. Indacaterol maleate inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol maleate can also be used in cardiovascular disease research .
GAT211 is a cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). GAT211 activates cAMP and β-arrestin2 with EC50 values of 260 nM and 650 nM, respectively. GAT211 inhibits GAT211 can be used for neuropathic and/or inflammatory pain research .
AY77 is a calcium-biased PAR2 agonist. AY77 shows an EC50 of 0.17 and 2 nM in PAR2-mediated the activation in the Gq pathway and recruitment of β-arrestin-2, respectively. AY77 potently induces intracellular Ca 2+ release .
PIPE-3297 (compound 25) is a selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, which activates the G-protein signaling with EC50 of 1.1 nM and exhibits low β-arrestin-2 recruitment activity (10%). PIPE-3297 induces myelination and reveals an anti-inflammatory activity .
RO-76 is a mu opioid receptor (μOR) selective partial agonist. RO-76 binds to μOR-G-protein complex with an EC50 value of 454 nM. RO-76 reduces β-Arrestin-1/2 recruitment. RO-76 shows antinociception activity .
Abaloparatide (BA 058) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analog. Abaloparatide also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
TC14012, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
Pamoic acid disodium is a potent GPR35 agonist with an EC50 value of 79 nM. Pamoic acid disodium induces GPR35 internalization and activates ERK1/2 with EC50 values of 22 nM and 65 nM, respectively. Pamoic acid disodium potently recruits β-arrestin2 to GPR35 and has an antinociceptive effect .
5-HT2A receptor agonist-9 (Compound 9) is a β-arrestin-biased 5-HT2A receptor agonist. 5-HT2A receptor agonist-9 can be used in the research of neurological diseases such as antidepressant and psychedelic .
ELA-11(human) TFA is a high affinity apelin receptor agonist (Ki=14 nM). ELA-11(human) TFA is a bioactive fragment of ELA-32. ELA-11(human) TFA inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment in vitro.
Indacaterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indacaterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indacaterol is an orally active ultra-long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonist. Indacaterol inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol can also be used in cardiovascular disease research .
Abaloparatide TFA (BA 058 TFA) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analogue. Abaloparatide TFA also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide TFA enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide TFA enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide TFA has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
TC14012 TFA, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 TFA is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 TFA has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
RXFP3/4 agonist 2 is a potent, nonpeptide dual RXFP3/4 agonist (EC50=3.1 and 2.7 nM). RXFP3/4 agonist 2 also potently promotes interactions between RXFP3 and β-arrestin-2 with EC50 values in the range of 10-22 nM .
CX4338 is a CXCL8-mediated chemokine inhibitor with the activity of inhibiting CXCR2-mediated cell migration. CX4338 selectively inhibits CXCR2-mediated β-arrestin-2 recruitment and receptor internalization while enhancing CXCR2-mediated MAPK activation. CX4338 also inhibited CXCL8-induced chemotaxis, showing efficacy in CXCR2-overexpressing cells and human neutrophils. In vivo, CX4338 significantly reduced LPS-induced neutrophil numbers in mouse bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The mechanism of action of CX4338 is to selectively inhibit CXCR2-mediated β-arrestin-2 activation, which is sufficient to inhibit CXCL8-mediated chemotaxis .
A3AR agonist 1 (Compound 12) is an A3AR agonist (Ki: 25.8 nM). A3AR agonist 1 stimulates β-arrestin2 recruitment, with an EC50 value of 5.17 nM. A3AR agonist 1 can be used for research of inflammatory diseases, ischemia, cancer, neuropathic pain, liver diseases, etc .
LN6023 (hydrochloride) (Compound 27) is a CXCR7 agonist. LN6023 (hydrochloride) induces the recruitment of β-arrestin in HEK293T cells expressing human CXCR7 (EC50 = 3.5 µM). LN6023 (hydrochloride) reduces the surface level of P-selectin in isolated and washed human platelets. LN6023 (hydrochloride) can be used to study platelet-mediated thrombosis .
Indacaterol (maleate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Indacaterol (maleate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Indacaterol maleate (QAB149) is an orally active ultra-long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) agonist. Indacaterol maleate inhibits NF-κB activity in a β-arrestin2-dependent manner, preventing further lung damage and improving lung function in COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder). Indacaterol maleate can also be used in cardiovascular disease research .
BMS-986122 is a selective, potent positive allosteric modulator of the mu-opioid receptor (µ-OR). BMS-986122 shows potentiation of orthosteric agonist-mediated β-arrestin recruitment, adenylyl cyclase inhibition, and G protein activation. BMS-986122 potentiates DAMGO-mediated [ 35S]GTPγS binding in mouse brain membranes .
Elabela(19-32) is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
IDOR-1117-2520 is a potent and selective antagonist of CCR6. IDOR-1117-2520 antagonizes the CCL20-mediated calcium flow (IC50 = 63 nM) and inhibits β-arrestin recruitment to human CCR6 (IC50 = 30 nM) in cells expressing recombinant human CCR6. IDOR-1117-2520 can be used for research of autoimmune diseases .
PF-6870961 is an inverse agonist of GHSR1a with Ki values of 73.6 nM (human GHSR), 239 nM (rat GHSR), and 217 nM (dog GHSR), respectively. PF-6870961 inhibits the constitutive GHSR1a-induced IP accumulation with an IC50 value of 300 nM. PF-6870961 also inhibits constitutive GHSR1a β-arrestin mobilization with an IC50 value of 1.10 nM .
PF-6870961 hydrochloride is an inverse agonist of GHSR1a with Ki values of 73.6 nM (human GHSR), 239 nM (rat GHSR), and 217 nM (dog GHSR), respectively. PF-6870961 hydrochloride inhibits the constitutive GHSR1a-induced IP accumulation with an IC50 value of 300 nM. PF-6870961 hydrochloride also inhibits constitutive GHSR1a β-arrestin mobilization with an IC50 value of 1.10 nM .
ML417 is a selective and brain penetrant D3 dopamine receptor (D3R) agonist, with an EC50 of 38 nM. ML417 potently promotes D3R-mediated β-arrestin translocation, G protein mediated signaling, and pERK phosphorylation with minimal effects on other GPCR-mediated signaling. ML417 exhibits neuroprotection against toxin-induced neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons .
LY2922470 is a selective and orally active agonist for the G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40). LY2922470 activates GPR40-mediated β-arrestin recruitment with EC50s of 7 nM (human GPR40), 1 nM (mouse GPR40) and 3 nM (rat GPR40). LY2922470 can be used for research of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .
Elabela(19-32) TFA is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) TFA activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) TFA induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
GAT564 (Compound 15d) is a potent allosteric modulator of cannabinoid 1 receptor (CB1R) with EC50s of 87 and 320 nM respectively for cAMP and β-arrestin2. GAT564 markedly promotes orthosteric ligand binding to hCB1R. GAT564 is efficacious as a topical agent that significantly reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) in the ocular normotensive murine model of glaucoma .
DHICA (5,6-Dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid) is an intermediate in melanin synthesis and a component of true black pigment, and it’s also a moderately potent GPR35 agonist. DHICA shows an ability to stimulate β-arrestin translocation signaling with an EC50 value of 23.2 μM in the U2OS cell line. DHICA plays a significant role in promoting and protecting against DNA damage .
ZCZ011 is a potent and brain penetrant cannabinoid 1 (CB1) receptor positive allosteric modulator. ZCZ011 potentiates binding of CP55,940 to the CB1 receptor, enhances anandamide (AEA)-stimulated GTPγS binding in mouse brain membranes. ZCZ011 increases β-arrestin recruitment and ERK phosphorylation in hCB1 cells. ZCZ011 can be used for researching neuropathic and inflammatory pain .
Balixafortide (POL6326) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
MRS2365 is a potent and selective P2Y1 receptor (EC50=0.4 nM) /[ 35S]GTPγSbinding/β-arrestin 2 recruitment agonist with an EC50 of 0.4 nM. MRS2365 relieves mechanical allodynia and increases mechanical sensitivity. MRS2365 shows little agonist or antagonist activity at the P2Y12 or P2Y13 receptors .
KOR agonist 3 (Compound 5) is a κ opioid receptor (κOR) agonist with an EC50 of 0.88 nM. KOR agonist 3 also has a certain activation effect on μOR with an EC50 of 720 nM. KOR agonist 3 shows no agonist activity for δOR at concentrations less than 1 μM. KOR agonist 3 has a lower ability to induce the recruitment of β-Arrestin-2 than U50488 (HY-15997B) .
SBI-810 is a functionally selected β-arrestin-biased neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) allosteric modulator. SBI-810 modulates NTSR1 G protein signaling in a G protein-specific manner in the presence of the endogenous ligand, neurotensin (NT). SBI-810 fully antagonizes NT-induced activation of Gq, partially antagonizes NT-induced activation of Gi1 and is permissive of NTSR1 activation of GoA and G12 .
Tryptophan-cholic acid (Trp-CA) is a microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, serving as an endogenous ligand and agonist of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) MRGPRE. Tryptophan-cholic acid activates MRGPRE, promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) through the Gs-cAMP and β-arrestin-1-ALDOA signaling pathways, thereby improving glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Tryptophan-cholic acid is promising for research of type 2 diabetes .
ST171 is a bitopic 5-HT1AR agonist with an Ki of 0.41 nM. ST171 selectively activates Gi/o signaling pathway and inhibits 5-HT1AR-mediated cAMP accumulation without Gs activation and marginal β-arrestin recruitment. T171 reduces hypersensitivity in chronic neuropathic and inflammatory pain mice model. ST171 can be used for pain research .
SBI-810 hydrochloride is a functionally selected β-arrestin-biased neurotensin receptor 1 (NTSR1) allosteric modulator. SBI-810 hydrochloride modulates NTSR1 G protein signaling in a G protein-specific manner in the presence of the endogenous ligand, neurotensin (NT). SBI-810 hydrochloride fully antagonizes NT-induced activation of Gq, partially antagonizes NT-induced activation of Gi1 and is permissive of NTSR1 activation of GoA and G12 .
Bufrolin is a Cromoglycate (histamine release inhibitor) analog and a high potency agonist of GPR35. Bufrolin promotes interactions between β-arrestin-2 and either human GPR35a or rat GPR35. Bufrolin also serves as antiallergic mast cell stabilizer and inhibit an anti-inflammatory response inducible by the internalization peptide. Bufrolin acts as an anti-inflammatory agent to be used in research of delivering pharmacol linked with internalization peptide .
MLS1547 is a highly efficacious G protein-biased dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) agonist (Ki=1.2 μM). MLS1547 stimulates D2R G protein-mediated signaling (EC50=0.37 μM in a calcium mobilization assay). MLS1547 acts as an antagonist for dopamine (DA)-stimulated β-arrestin recruitment to the D2R (IC50=9.9 μM) .
Mrgx2 antagonist-3 (Compound B-40) is a highly selective antagonist of MrgX2 receptor with an IC50 value of 0.042-2.5 nM. Mrgx2 antagonist-3 blocks downstream G protein signaling and β-Arrestin recruitment, thereby inhibiting MrgX2 receptor-mediated calcium influx and cellular degranulation. Mrgx2 antagonist-3 is promising for research of inflammation-related diseases and pruritus, such as chronic urticaria, allergic asthma .
5-HT2AR ligand 1 (Compound 2 cis) is a 5-HT2AR ligand with nanomolar affinity for 5-HT2AR (Ki: 32 nM). 5-HT2AR ligand 1 is capable of inducing β-arrestin 2 recruitment. 5-HT2AR ligand 1 can be used in the research of neurological diseases .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
SLW131 (Compound 10) is the antagonist for CCR7 with a good affinity of Ki of 9.85 nM. SLW131 inhibits CCL19-induced Go protein activation with an IC50 of 29.4 μM, inhibits β-arrestin2 recruitment with an IC50 of 6.0 μM. SLW131 inhibits CCL19-induced cell morphological changes in primary BMDCs, and CCR7-mediated migration in mouse CD4+ T cell .
FFA2 agonist-1 (Compound 4) is the agonist for Free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2/GPR43) with an EC50 of 81 nM. FFA2 agonist-1 exhibits activity in β-arrestin-2 recruitment assay and cAMP inhibition assay with EC50 of 1.2 μM and 0.53 μM. FFA2 agonist-1 leads to appetite regulating
peptide YY (PYY) mucosal responses, inhibits the fat accumulation, intestinal functions and food intake, and can be used for obesity research .
5-HT7R antagonist 2 (compound 4h) is a 5-HT7R antagonist that antagonizes the G protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways, with a Ki of 67 nM, the IC50 values in cAMP and Tango tests were 2.59 μM and 39.57 μM, respectively. 5-HT7R antagonist 2 has an effect on neurogenesis and can reduce repetitive behaviors related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and restore neurogenesis of ASD impairment .
SCH-900875 is an orally active, brain-penetrant and selective CXCR3 receptor inhibitor, which also shows high selectivity over CXCR1 and CXCR2 receptors. SCH-900875 binds to CXCR3, blocking the binding of ligands CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11, inhibiting downstream G protein and β-arrestin signaling pathways to suppress inflammatory cell migration. SCH-900875 is promising for research of autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis) and inflammatory disorders (psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease) .
CXCR2-IN-2 is a selective, brain penetrant, and orally bioavailable CXCR2 antagonist (IC50=5.2 nM/1 nM in β-arrestin assay/CXCR2 Tango assay, respectively). CXCR2-IN-2 displays ~730-fold selectivity over CXCR1 and >1900-fold selectivity over all other chemokine receptors. CXCR2-IN-2 inhibits human whole blood Gro-α induced CD11b expression with an IC50 of 0.04 μM .
A3AR agonist 2 (Compound 19) a selective A3AR agonist (Ki: 22.1 nM). A3AR agonist 2 stimulates β-arrestin2 recruitment, with EC50 value of 4.36 nM. A3AR agonist 2 can be used for research of inflammatory diseases, ischemia, cancer, neuropathic pain, liver diseases, and other chronic conditions . A3AR agonist 2 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
MP1202 is a dual-functional agonist of MOR and KOR with EC50s of 0.32 and 0.13 μM for mMOR-1 and mKOR-1, respectively. MP1202 has functional selectivity with reduction of β-arrestin1/2 recruitment but significant activation of G-protein and Gα-subtype at hMOR and hKOR. MP1202 has potent antinociceptive effects without typical opioid side effects, but it shows conditioned place preference and aversion behaviors in subtype-selective opioid KO mice model, promising for analgesia research .
5-HT2CR agonist 1 (compound 8), a 7-chloro analogue, is a selective 5-HT2CR partial agonist (Emax=71.09%) with an EC50 value of 121.5 nM and no observed activity toward 5-HT2AR or 5-HT2BR. 5-HT2CR agonist 1 exhibits no recruitment activity for β-arrestin and shows low inhibition of hERG at 10 μM .
NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) (compound 39) is a potent APJ agonist, with a Ki of 0.6 nM. NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) can activate Gαi1 (EC50=0.8 nM) and recruit β-arrestin2 (EC50=31 nM). NH2-c[X-R-L-S-X]-K-G-P-(D-1Nal) exhibits prolonged cardiac effects .
ML314 is a potent, BBB-penetrant and β-arrestin biased molecule agonist of NTR1 (EC50 = 1.9 μM). ML314 shows good selectivity against NTR2 and GPR35, but does not stimulate Ca2+ mobilization. ML314 can attenuate amphetamine-like hyperlocomotion in dopamine transporter knockout mice. ML314 attenuates methamphetamine-associated hyperlocomotion and potentiates the psychostimulant inhibitory effects of a ghrelin antagonist in wild type mouse model. ML314 also acts as an allosteric enhancer of endogenous neurotensin. ML314 antagonizes G protein signaling. ML314 can be studied in research for methamphetamine abuse conditions .
KNT-127 is a selective and BBB-penetrant δ-opioid receptor (DOR) agonist (Ki = 0.16 nM). KNT-127 is highly selective to the δ receptor, with Ki values of 0.16, 21.3 and 153 nM for δ, μ and κ receptors, respectively. KNT-127 acts as a biased ligand that mainly activates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling with lower beta-arrestin signaling activation. KNT-127 increases the release of dopamine and L-glutamate in the striatum, nucleus accumbens, and prefrontal cortex. KNT-127 exhibits antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects. KNT-127 can be studied in research on neurological diseases .
Melatonin-Tamoxifen Conjugate (compound 16c) is an anticancer drug conjugate composed of Melatonin (HY-B0075) and Tamoxifen (HY-13757A), which is a potent antagonist of ERα (IC50=863 nM). Melatonin-Tamoxifen Conjugate binds to MLT receptor (Ki=3.1 nM) and promotes β-arrestin (EC50=914 nM) and ERK activation (EC50=98 nM) in cells expressing hMT1 receptor. Melatonin-Tamoxifen Conjugate against several common cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-1080 with IC50s of 6.8 μM, 6.4 μM, and 1.7 μM, respectively.
GLP-1R agonist 30 is a selective and orally active GLP-1R agonist with an EC50 of 0.048 nM. GLP-1R has excellent selectivity, with EC50 greater than 20 μM for GLP-2R, GIPR, and GCPR. GLP-1R agonist significantly increases cAMP-stimulating activity while markedly reducing hERG inhibitory activities. GLP-1R agonist has preferable absorption and excellent β-arrestin pathway selectivity. GLP-1R agonist effectively improves glucose tolerance and promoted insulin secretion in B-hGLP1R knock-in mice .
EP4 receptor antagonist 7 (Compound 14) is an antagonist of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) receptor subtype EP4 with an IC50 value of 1.1 nM. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 inhibits PGE2-induced β-arrestin recruitment in HEK293 cells with an IC50 value of 0.9 nM. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 decreases PGE2-induced expression of mRNA encoding IL-4, macrophage mannose receptor 1 (Mrc1), chitinase-like protein 3 (Chil3), chemokine (C-X-C) motif ligand 1 (Cxcl1), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2), and arginase-1 (Arg1), in RAW 264.7 macrophages. EP4 receptor antagonist 7 combined with an anti-PD-1 antibody inhibits tumor growth and increases infiltration of CD 8+ T cells into tumors in a CT26 murine colon cancer model .
TRV120027, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages β-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027 induces acute catecholamine secretion through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R-β-arrestin-1-TRPC3-PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 inhibits angiotensin II-mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 has the potential for the acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
TRV120027 TFA, a β-arrestin-1-biased agonist of the angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), engages ?-arrestins while blocking G-protein signaling . TRV120027?TFA induces?acute?catecholamine?secretion?through cation channel subfamily C3 (TRPC3) coupling, promotes the formation of a macromolecular complex composed of AT1R–β-arrestin-1–TRPC3–PLCγ at the plasma membrane. TRV120027 TFA inhibits angiotensin II–mediated vasoconstriction and increases cardiomyocyte contractility. TRV120027 TFA has the potential for the?acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) treatment .
ELA-11(human), a peptide, is a full agonist of human apelin receptor, with a pKi of 7.85. ELA-11(human) completely inhibits Forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment .
LIH383 TFA is an agonist of ACKR3 (CXCR7) (EC50=0.61 nM). LIH383 TFA efficiently induces the recruitment of β-arrestin to ACKR3 but does not trigger typical G protein signaling .
ELA-21 (human) is an apelin receptor agonist with a pKi of 8.52. ELA-21 (human) completely inhibits Forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment with subnanomolar potencies. ELA-21 (human) is an agonist in G-protein-dependent and -independent pathways .
Abaloparatide (BA 058) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analog. Abaloparatide also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
TC14012, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
LIH383 is an agonist of ACKR3 (CXCR7) (EC50=0.61 nM). LIH383 efficiently induces the recruitment of β-arrestin to ACKR3 but does not trigger typical G protein signaling .
(Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is the Gq-dependent pathway agonist. (Val3,Pro8)-Oxytocin is also a weaker agonist for the β-arrestin engagement and endocytosis toward the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) .
AY77 is a calcium-biased PAR2 agonist. AY77 shows an EC50 of 0.17 and 2 nM in PAR2-mediated the activation in the Gq pathway and recruitment of β-arrestin-2, respectively. AY77 potently induces intracellular Ca 2+ release .
ELA-11(human) TFA is a high affinity apelin receptor agonist (Ki=14 nM). ELA-11(human) TFA is a bioactive fragment of ELA-32. ELA-11(human) TFA inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP production and stimulates β-arrestin recruitment in vitro.
Abaloparatide TFA (BA 058 TFA) is a parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTHR1) analogue. Abaloparatide TFA also is a selective PTHR1 activator. Abaloparatide TFA enhances Gs/cAMP signaling and β-arrestin recruitment. Abaloparatide TFA enhances bone formation and cortical structure in mice. Abaloparatide TFA has the potential for the research of osteoporosis .
TC14012 TFA, a serum-stable derivative of T140, is a selective and peptidomimetic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 of 19.3 nM. TC14012 TFA is a potent CXCR7 agonist with an EC50 of 350 nM for recruiting β-arrestin 2 to CXCR7. TC14012 TFA has anti-HIV activity and anti-cancer activity .
Elabela(19-32) is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
Elabela(19-32) TFA is an active fragment of ELABELA (ELA) that binds to apelin receptor (APJ). Elabela(19-32) TFA activates the Gαi1 and β-arrestin-2 signaling pathways with EC50s of 8.6 nM and 166 nM. Elabela(19-32) TFA induces receptor internalization and reduces arterial pressure, exerts positive inotropic effects on the heart .
Balixafortide (POL6326) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
Balixafortide TFA (POL6326 TFA) is a potent, selective, well-tolerated peptidic CXCR4 antagonist with an IC50 < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA shows 1000-fold selective for CXCR4 than a large panel of receptors including CXCR7. Balixafortide TFA blocks β-arrestin recruitment and calcium flux with IC50s < 10 nM. Balixafortide TFA is also a potent hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) mobilizing agent. Anti-cancer effects .
Tryptophan-cholic acid (Trp-CA) is a microbial amino-acid-conjugated bile acid, serving as an endogenous ligand and agonist of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) MRGPRE. Tryptophan-cholic acid activates MRGPRE, promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) through the Gs-cAMP and β-arrestin-1-ALDOA signaling pathways, thereby improving glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. Tryptophan-cholic acid is promising for research of type 2 diabetes .
ARRB1/Beta-Arrestin 1 Protein, Human (His) expresses in E. coli with a His tag. ARRB1/beta-Arrestin 1, found in the hypothalamus (ARH) and in N-38 neurons, is a scaffolding protein organizing downstream signaling molecules and as an adaptor protein aiding in ER internalization after its activation.
beta Arrestin 1 Antibody (YA822) is a non-conjugated and Mouse origined monoclonal antibody about 47 kDa, targeting to beta Arrestin 1 (6A1). It can be used for WB assays with tag free, in the background of Human.
Arrestin-β-2 Antibody (YA5111) is a mouse-derived and non-conjugated monoclonal antibody, targeting to Arrestin-β-2. It can be applicated for WB, ICC/IF assays, in the background of human, mouse, rat, pig.
beta Arrestin 1 Antibody (YA5236) is a mouse-derived and non-conjugated monoclonal antibody, targeting to β-Arrestin 1. It can be applicated for WB assays, in the background of mouse, rat, human.
RS130-180 is a selective β-arrestin-biased agonist targeting the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2aR). RS130-180 is promising for research of neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression .
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