PD-L1 Protein, Human (HEK293, Llama Fc)

The PD-L1 protein critically regulates immune tolerance by acting as a ligand for PDCD1/PD-1, regulating T cell activation threshold, and limiting effector responses. It may act as a costimulatory molecule for IL10-producing T cell subsets. PD-L1 Protein, Human (HEK293, Llama Fc) is the recombinant human-derived PD-L1 protein, expressed by HEK293, with C-Llama Fc labeled tag.

PD-L1 Protein assumes a critical role in both the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance to self, acting as a ligand for the inhibitory receptor PDCD1/PD-1 and thereby modulating the activation threshold of T-cells, ultimately limiting their effector response. Additionally, PD-L1 may function as a costimulatory molecule for T-cell subsets that predominantly produce interleukin-10 (IL10) through an as yet unidentified activating receptor. Beyond its role as an immune checkpoint, PD-L1 also acts as a transcription coactivator, translocating into the nucleus in response to hypoxia and interacting with phosphorylated STAT3 to promote the transcription of GSDMC, leading to pyroptosis. Exploited by tumors to attenuate anti-tumor immunity and escape immune system destruction, the PDCD1-mediated inhibitory pathway facilitated by PD-L1 interaction with PDCD1/PD-1 inhibits cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) effector function. Blocking the PDCD1-mediated pathway has shown promise in reversing exhausted T-cell phenotypes and normalizing anti-tumor responses, providing a rationale for cancer immunotherapy.

Human

HEK293

C-Llama Fc

Q9NZQ7-1 (F19-T239)

29126

Partial

Approximately 65-95 kDa,based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions,due to the glycosylation.

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution of Tris with Glycofe, Argofofe and NaCl, pH7.5 with trehalose as protectant.
Note: For SPR assay, please replace the buffer. Primary amine components (e.g., Tris, imidazole) can affect protein-coupled chips.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.