IFN-gamma Protein, Human (HEK293)

IFN-gamma is a cytokine. IFN-gamma can exert anticancer effects by activating p53 and p21, leading to cell cycle arrest, and/or by activating IRF-1 and Caspase-1, leading to pyroptosis, and by activating IRF-1, Caspase-8, cytochrome c release from mitochondria, Caspase cascades, and inhibiting PARP, leading to intrinsic apoptotic signaling. IFN-gamma can induce fusion of human monocytes to form multinucleated giant cells and activate monocytes, increasing their ability to produce hydrogen peroxide, acid phosphatase, and plasminogen activator. IFN-gamma can enhance the sensitivity of human macrophages to lysis mediated by extracellular ATP. IFN-gamma upregulates the transcription and expression of TNF-α by inhibiting the expression of IL-10 and relieving the feedback inhibition of IL-10 on TNF-α. IFN-gamma Protein, Human (HEK293) is a recombinant interferon-gamma protein expressed in HEK293 cells without a tag.

IFN-gamma belongs to the interferon family. IFN-gamma is a cytokine^[1]. IFN-gamma can exert anticancer effects by activating p53 and p21, leading to cell cycle arrest, and/or by activating IRF-1 and Caspase-1, leading to pyroptosis, and by activating IRF-1, Caspase-8, cytochrome c release from mitochondria, caspase cascades, and inhibiting PARP, leading to intrinsic apoptotic signaling^[1]. IFN-gamma can induce fusion of human monocytes to form multinuclear giant cells and activate monocytes, increasing their ability to produce hydrogen peroxide, acid phosphatase, and plasminogen activator^[2]. IFN-gamma can enhance the sensitivity of human macrophages to lysis mediated by extracellular ATP^[3]. IFN-gamma upregulates the transcription and expression of TNF-α by inhibiting the expression of IL-10 and relieving the feedback inhibition of IL-10 on TNF-α^[4]. IFN-gamma can be produced by CD4⁺ T helper type 1 lymphocytes, CD8⁺ cytotoxic lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells^[1]. The active form of IFN-gamma, Human is a soluble homodimer with two N-glycosylation sites on the surface of each dimer, at asparagine (N²⁵ and N⁹⁷). The glycan at N²⁵ is fucosylated, primarily as a complex sialylated oligosaccharide composed of sialic acid, galactose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, and fucose, whereas the glycan at N⁹⁷ is a non-fucosylated hybrid high-mannose structure with a sugar composition of sialic acid, galactose, mannose, and N-acetylglucosamine^[1].

IFN-γ, Human (HEK293) (100 ng/mL; 72 h) induces cell death and G₂ cell cycle arrest in the ovarian cancer cell line PEO1^[1].
IFN-γ, Human (E. coli) (0.1-1 nM) induces multinuclear giant cell formation and enhances H₂O₂ production and lysosomal enzyme activity in human monocyte cultures^[2].
IFN-γ, Human (1-100 ng/mL; 4-18 h) inhibits IL-10 mRNA and protein expression and dose-dependently upregulates TNF-α transcript and protein levels in LPS-stimulated human monocytes^[4].

Measured by its ability to inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 human coloncancer cells.The ED₅₀ for this effect is ≤0.4622 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is ≥2.164×10⁶ Unit/mg.

• 
  Measured by its ability to inhibit the proliferation of HT-29 cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.1895 ng/mL, corresponding to a specific activity is 5.277×10⁶ Unit/mg.

Human

HEK293

Tag Free

P01579 (Q24-Q166)

3458  [NCBI]

Full Length of Mature Protein

QDPYVKEAENLKKYFNAGHSDVADNGTLFLGILKNWKEESDRKIMQSQIVSFYFKLFKNFKDDQSIQKSVETIKEDMNVKFFNSNKKKRDDFEKLTNYSVTDLNVQRKAIHELIQVMAELSPAAKTGKRKRSQMLFRGRRASQ

20-25 & 16-17kDa

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 4% Mannitol, 2% Sucrose, 0.02% Tween80, pH 7.4 or PBS, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Razaghi A, et al. Improved therapeutic efficacy of mammalian expressed-recombinant interferon gamma against ovarian cancer cells. Exp Cell Res. 2017 Oct 1;359(1):20-29.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Weinberg JB, et al. Recombinant human gamma-interferon induces human monocyte polykaryon formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jul;81(14):4554-7.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Blanchard DK, et al. IFN-gamma enhances sensitivity of human macrophages to extracellular ATP-mediated lysis. J Immunol. 1991 Oct 15;147(8):2579-85.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Donnelly RP, et al. Inhibition of IL-10 expression by IFN-gamma up-regulates transcription of TNF-alpha in human monocytes. J Immunol. 1995 Aug 1;155(3):1420-7.  [Content Brief]