2. NF-κB Autophagy Immunology/Inflammation
  3. NF-κB Autophagy Keap1-Nrf2 Toll-like Receptor (TLR) MyD88
  4. Raffinose

Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Raffinose Chemical Structure

Raffinose Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 512-69-6

Size Price Stock Quantity
Free Sample (0.1 - 0.5 mg)   Apply Now  
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO
ready for reconstitution
 In-stock
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO In-stock
Solid
50 mg In-stock
100 mg In-stock
200 mg   Get quote  
500 mg   Get quote  

* Please select Quantity before adding items.

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Customer Review

Based on 1 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Raffinose:

Raffinose Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

1 Publications Citing Use of MCE Raffinose

View All NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
NF-κB NF-κB1/p50 RelA/p65 RelB c-Rel

View All Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Isoform Specific Products:

View All Isoforms
TLR3 TLR8 TLR9 TLR2 TLR4 TLR7 TLR1 TLR6

  • Biological Activity

  • Purity & Documentation

  • References

  • Customer Review

Description

Raffinose (Melitose) regulates intestinal flora, inhibits TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway, and activates Nrf2 signaling pathway. Raffinose exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory activities. Raffinose is orally active[1][2][3].

IC50 & Target

IC50: short-chain oligosaccharide[1]
In Vitro

Raffinose (0-200 mM, 48 h) enhances the autophagic flux of HaCaT cells, reduces the LDH release, and protects HaCaT cell from UVB-induced damage[2].
Raffinose (0-10 mM, 24 h) regulates the expression of lipid metabolism-related proteins, alleviates lipid accumulation in Oleic acid (HY-N1446)-induced AML12 cell[3].
Raffinose (0-10 mM, 24 h) activates the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, inhibits Oleic acid (HY-N1446)-induced pyroptosis and NLRP3 inflammasome formation in AML12 cell[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Raffinose Related Antibodies

Western Blot Analysis[2]

Cell Line: HaCaT
Concentration: 0-200 mM
Incubation Time: 12 h
Result: Induced LC3-II accumulation.

Western Blot Analysis[3]

Cell Line: AML12
Concentration: 0-10 mM
Incubation Time: 24 h
Result: Upregulated the expressions of Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1, GPX4.
Downregulated the expressions of COX2, iNOS, HMGB1, TNF-α, and IL-6.
In Vivo

Raffinose (100-400 mg/kg, po, once daily for 21 days) improves oxidative stress, regulates immune responses, improves intestinal flora imbalance, and ameliorates DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis symptoms in mouse models[1].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model: DSS (HY-116282C)-induced colitis symptoms in mouse models[1]
Dosage: 100-400 mg/kg
Administration: po, once daily for 21 days
Result: Improved weight loss, shortened colon length, inflammation and tissue damage.
Increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in serum and reduced MDA levels.
Increased levels of serum immunoglobulins and IL-2, reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6.
Molecular Weight

504.44

Formula

C18H32O16
CAS No.
Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

OC[C@]1(O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO[C@H]3O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO
Structure Classification
Initial Source
Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
Storage

4°C, sealed storage, away from moisture

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture)

Solvent & Solubility
In Vitro: 

H2O : 250 mg/mL (495.60 mM; Need ultrasonic)

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (198.24 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Preparing
Stock Solutions
Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg
1 mM 1.9824 mL 9.9120 mL 19.8240 mL
5 mM 0.3965 mL 1.9824 mL 3.9648 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • Molarity Calculator

  • Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Mass
=
Concentration
×
Volume
×
Molecular Weight *

Concentration (start) × Volume (start) = Concentration (final) × Volume (final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C1V1 = C2V2

Concentration (start)

C1

×
Volume (start)

V1

=
Concentration (final)

C2

×
Volume (final)

V2

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    40% PEG300    5% Tween-80    45% Saline

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.96 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.

    Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
  • Protocol 2

    Add each solvent one by one:  10% DMSO    90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)

    Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.96 mM); Clear solution

    This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).

    Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.

    Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

  • Protocol 1

    Add each solvent one by one:  PBS

    Solubility: 50 mg/mL (99.12 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

g

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration: mg/mL
This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Purity & Documentation
References

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (sealed storage, away from moisture). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Optional Solvent Concentration Solvent Mass 1 mg 5 mg 10 mg 25 mg
DMSO / H2O 1 mM 1.9824 mL 9.9120 mL 19.8240 mL 49.5599 mL
5 mM 0.3965 mL 1.9824 mL 3.9648 mL 9.9120 mL
10 mM 0.1982 mL 0.9912 mL 1.9824 mL 4.9560 mL
15 mM 0.1322 mL 0.6608 mL 1.3216 mL 3.3040 mL
20 mM 0.0991 mL 0.4956 mL 0.9912 mL 2.4780 mL
25 mM 0.0793 mL 0.3965 mL 0.7930 mL 1.9824 mL
30 mM 0.0661 mL 0.3304 mL 0.6608 mL 1.6520 mL
40 mM 0.0496 mL 0.2478 mL 0.4956 mL 1.2390 mL
50 mM 0.0396 mL 0.1982 mL 0.3965 mL 0.9912 mL
60 mM 0.0330 mL 0.1652 mL 0.3304 mL 0.8260 mL
80 mM 0.0248 mL 0.1239 mL 0.2478 mL 0.6195 mL
100 mM 0.0198 mL 0.0991 mL 0.1982 mL 0.4956 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

  • No file chosen (Maximum size is: 1024 Kb)
  • If you have published this work, please enter the PubMed ID.
  • Your name will appear on the site.

Raffinose Related Classifications

Help & FAQs
  • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

    Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

Keywords:

Raffinose512-69-6MelitoseNF-κBAutophagyKeap1-Nrf2Toll-like Receptor (TLR)MyD88Nuclear factor-κBNuclear factor-kappaBtrisaccharide short-chainoligosaccharideInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

Your Recently Viewed Products:

Inquiry Online

Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

Product Name

  

Requested Quantity *

Applicant Name *

 

Salutation

Email Address *

 

Phone Number *

Department

 

Organization Name *

City

State

Country or Region *

      

Remarks

Bulk Inquiry

Inquiry Information

Product Name:
Raffinose
Cat. No.:
HY-N7088
Quantity:
MCE Japan Authorized Agent:

Customer Review

Thank You for Your Feedback!

Request for HNMR Report

Please fill out this form to request the QC report. We will send it to your Email address shortly.

Your information is safe with us. * Required Fields.

Product Name

  

Lot #

Applicant Name *

 

Email Address *

Phone Number

 

Department *

Organization Name *

 

Country or Region *

Remarks

SAFETY DATA SHEET (SDS)

English - EN (393 KB) Français - FR (393 KB) Deutsch - DE (393 KB) Norwegian - NO (393 KB) Español - ES (393 KB) Swedish - SV (393 KB)

Request for HNMR Report

We have received your request and will respond to you as soon as possible.