2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N7880
    Salvianolic acid Y
    		99.37%
    Salvianolic acid Y is a phenolic acid with the same planar structure as Salvianolic acid B. Salvianolic acid Y rescues cell injury by H2O2.
    Salvianolic acid Y
  • HY-108551
    MG-262
    		Inducer
    MG-262 (Z-Leu-Leu-LeuB(OH)2; ZL3B) is a reversible proteasome inhibitor. MG-262 down-regulates VEGF receptor Flt-1. MG-262 inhibits cell growth and induces apoptosis in malignant cells. MG-262 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS). MG-262 can be used for anti-cancer study.
    MG-262
  • HY-146086
    Nrf2 activator-4
    		Inhibitor 98.03%
    Nrf2 activator-4 (Compound 20a) is a highly potent, orally active Nrf2 activator with an EC50 of 0.63 µM. Nrf2 activator-4 suppresses reactive oxygen species against oxidative stress in microglia. Nrf2 activator-4 effectively recovers the learning and memory impairment in a scopolamine-induced mouse model.
    Nrf2 activator-4
  • HY-W762011
    BDE 47
    		Inducer 98.37%
    BDE 47 targets mitochondria, inhibits mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), decreases mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induces apoptosis in embryonic cell. BDE 47 induces the generation of ROS, and activates the JNK signaling pathway. BDE 47 exhibits embryonic developmental toxicity in zebrafish.
    BDE 47
  • HY-118159
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
    		99.68%
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP) is a fluoregenic peroxide reactive probe. Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine exhibits a unique phototriggered aggregation-induced emission (AIE)/aggregation-induced quenching (ACQ) transition with a remarkable third-order nonlinear optical signal change.
    Diphenyl-1-pyrenylphosphine
  • HY-N6843
    Arnicolide D
    		99.69%
    Arnicolide D is a sesquiterpene lactone that can be isolated from Centipeda minima. Arnicolide D is cytotoxic to tumor cells and can induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and oncosis in tumor cells. Arnicolide D has anti-tumor activity.
    Arnicolide D
  • HY-135849A
    Catalase, Bovine Liver
    Catalase, Bovine Liver is an enzyme widely found in various organisms, including animals, plants and microorganisms. Catalase, Bovine Liver mainly exists in the peroxisome of cells and is an important antioxidant enzyme. Catalase, Bovine Liver plays an important role in removing ROS and maintaining the balance of redox state. Catalase, Bovine Liver is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. Catalase, Bovine Liver has the potential to be used in tumor prevention research.
    Catalase, Bovine Liver
  • HY-14937
    Succinobucol
    		99.62%
    Succinobucol is a phenolic antioxidant with anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects.
    Succinobucol
  • HY-W013275
    MCLA hydrochloride
    		99.81%
    MCLA hydrochloride is a chemiluminescent reagent which can be used to quantify aqueous concentrations of superoxide.
    MCLA hydrochloride
  • HY-N5025
    Bullatine A
    		Inhibitor ≥98.0%
    Bullatine A, a diterpenoid alkaloid, is a potent P2X7 antagonist. Bullatine A possesses anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects. Bullatine A inhibits ATP-induced BV-2 cell death/apoptosis and P2X receptor-mediated inflammatory responses. Bullatine A suppresses glioma cell growth by targeting SIRT6. Bullatine A specifically attenuates pain hypersensitivity in rats. Bullatine A attenuates LPS (HY-D1056)-induced systemic inflammatory response by inhibiting the ROS/JNK/NF-κB pathway in mice. Bullatine A improves despair behavior in Chronic chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) mice. Bullatine A can be used for the study of inflammation, glioblastoma (GBM) and depression.
    Bullatine A
  • HY-17644
    Redaporfin
    		99.44%
    Redaporfin (LUZ11) acts as a potent photosensitizer. Redaporfin causes direct antineoplastic effects as well as indirect immune-dependent destruction of malignant lesions.
    Redaporfin
  • HY-W014940
    Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
    		Agonist 99.52%
    Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is a diester formed by the condensation of Ethylene glycol (HY-Y0338) and Methacrylic acid. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is a cross-linking agent for polymers. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate increases Apoptosis, GPx4, SOD2, ROS. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate is cytotoxic and genotoxic. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate exhibits cross-linking activity, enhancing the mechanical properties and stability of materials.
    Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate
  • HY-N2132
    Flavokawain B
    		Activator 99.99%
    Flavokawain B (Flavokavain B) is an orally active chalcone. Flavokawain B results in activation of caspase-9, -3 and -8, cleavage of PARP. Flavokawain B down-regulates Bcl-2 with concomitant increase in Bax level. Flavokawain B inhibits NF-κB, PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathway. Flavokawain B exhibits Apoptotic effects. Flavokawain B inhibits MMP-9 and promotes ROS generation. Flavokawain B inhibits multiple tumors and inflammation.
    Flavokawain B
  • HY-N8572
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
    		Inhibitor 98.55%
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is a lipophilic flavone, can be isolated from the leaves of Primula veris. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can reduce the synthesis and accumulation of PARP and protect cortical neurones against cell death induced by Parthanatos. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone is also an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist in human breast cancer cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone can promote the proliferation of human hematopoietic stem cells. 3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone has various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, hypolipidaemic, and neuroprotective or neurotrophic effects.
    3',4'-Dimethoxyflavone
  • HY-B0831
    Buprofezin
    		Activator 99.55%
    Buprofezin is a broad-spectrum insecticide and chitin synthesis inhibitor that targets developmental stage coleopteran pests.Buprofezin promotes the conversion of energy metabolism from the aerobic tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis. Buprofezin also promotes the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase.
    Buprofezin
  • HY-153873
    MSU38225
    		Inducer 99.52%
    MSU38225 is an Nrf-2 inhibitor that increases levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). MSU38225 inhibits the growth of human lung cancer cells and enhances the sensitivity of human lung cancer cells to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. MSU38225 can be used in cancer research.
    MSU38225
  • HY-142125
    Broussochalcone A
    		Inhibitor
    Broussochalcone A is an antioxidant and an inhibitor of Xanthine Oxidase (IC50=2.21 μM), with free radical scavenging activity. Broussochalcone A inhibits iron-induced lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) -activated macrophages. Broussochalcone A also induces Apoptosis of human renal carcinoma cells by increasing ROS levels and activating FOXO3 signaling pathways.
    Broussochalcone A
  • HY-N1941
    Isosinensetin
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Isosinensetin is a flavonoid compound and an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease and PTP1B (IC50: 2.61 µM; Ki: 0.92 µM). Isosinensetin inhibits P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in MDR1-MDCKII cells. Isosinensetin has multiple activities such as anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Isosinensetin can be used in the research of various diseases including cancer, inflammation, osteoporosis, diabetes, etc.
    Isosinensetin
  • HY-121192
    Capillarisin
    		Inhibitor 99.27%
    Capillarisin, as a constituent from Artemisiae Capillaris herba, is found to exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Capillarisin can be used for the research of asthma-mediated complications and can be a potential neuroprotectant against bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity.
    Capillarisin
  • HY-W040045
    Callistephin chloride
    		Inhibitor 98.02%
    Callistephin (Pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) chloride is an anthocyanin. Callistephin chloride regulates the expression of inflammatory (reducing iNOS/TNF-α/COX-2) and apoptosis-related proteins by inhibiting p38 phosphorylation, and enhances the protective effect of Isoflurane (HY-A0134) on microglial cell damage. Callistephin chloride significantly reduces ROS levels, eliminates DPPH free radicals, protects retinal pigment epithelial cells, and inhibits lipid peroxidation. Callistephin chloride can alleviate glutamate excitotoxicity, reduce neuronal apoptosis, and protect cerebellar granule neurons. Callistephin chloride can inhibit the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells by inducing apoptosis.
    Callistephin chloride
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity