2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-114197
    Antimalarial agent 14
    		Inhibitor 99.33%
    Antimalarial agent 14 (Compound N3) is a potent inhibitor of mitochondrial electron transport. Antimalarial agent 14 can serve as an anti-malarial agent.
    Antimalarial agent 14
  • HY-N7594
    Senecionine acetate
    Senecionine acetate (O-Acetylsenecionine) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Senecionine acetate inhibits the sequestration of Ca2+ in extramitochondrial and mitochondrial compartments possibly by inactivating free sulfhydryl groups.
    Senecionine acetate
  • HY-34740S1
    Ethylmalonic acid-d5
    		Inhibitor 98.09%
    Ethylmalonic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Ethylmalonic acid (HY-34740). Ethylmalonic acid is a short-chain organic dicarboxylic acid. Ethylmalonic acid synergistically induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MP) with Ca2+, inhibits Mi-CK, and disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism. Ethylmalonic acid can be used in the research of SCADD, EE and other genetic metabolic diseases characterized by EMA accumulation.
    Ethylmalonic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-162831
    MPC-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    MPC-IN-1 (compound 4i) is a cyanocinnamate-based, mitochondrial pyruvate transporter (MPC) inhibitor, and is a derivative of UK-5099 (HY-15475). MPC inhibitors promote the development of hair follicle stem cells without affecting normal cells. MPC-IN-1 promotes cellular lactate production and promotes significant hair growth in mice, and has the potential to be used to inhibit hair loss.
    MPC-IN-1
  • HY-126718
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate
    		Inhibitor
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate (Ketohypoglycin) is an inhibitor for gluconeogenesis. Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate inhibits ketogenesis and affects the fatty acids metabolism. Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate may interfere with the mitochondrial β-oxidation pathway, affects the contents and composition of coenzyme A, and affects the glucose homeostasis.
    Methylenecyclopropylpyruvate
  • HY-115899
    Malonyl CoA
    		Modulator
    Malonyl CoA is a substrate for fatty acid biosynthesis and an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation. Malonyl CoA is also a reversible inhibitor of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) 1.
    Malonyl CoA
  • HY-N0106R
    (Rac)-Salvianic acid A sodium (Standard)
    (Rac)-Salvianic acid A (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of (Rac)-Salvianic acid A (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. (Rac)-Salvianic acid A sodium is the racemic form of Salvianic acid A (HY-N1913). Salvianic acid A is an orally active phenolic compound that induces Nrf2/HO-1 activation and inhibits the NF-κB pathway, and it also activates the mitochondrial antioxidant defense system (Mitochondrial Metabolism). Salvianic acid A exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties (Apoptosis), demonstrating potential for research into inflammation and cardiovascular diseases.
    (Rac)-Salvianic acid A sodium (Standard)
  • HY-203817
    IITZ-02
    IITZ-02 is a lysosomotropic Autophagy inhibitor. IITZ-02 enhances autophagosome accumulation but inhibits autophagosomal degradation by impairing lysosomal function, finally inducing the inhibition of autophagy. IITZ-02 abolishes mitochondrial membrane potential and induces apoptosis through the mitochondria-mediated pathway. IITZ-02 has a potent antitumor activity in MDA-MB-231 xenograft mouse models. IITZ-02 can be used for cancers research.
    IITZ-02
  • HY-N0832S1
    L-Histidine-13C6,15N3
    		Inhibitor
    L-Histidine-13C6,15N3 is 13C and 15N-labeled L-Histidine (HY-N0832). L-Histidine is an essential amino acid for infants. L-Histidine is an inhibitor of mitochondrial glutamine transport.
    L-Histidine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>6</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-156187
    Anticancer agent 161
    Anticancer agent 161 (Compound 3b) is a bioactive alkynol with anti-cancer potential. Anticancer agent 161 can trigger autophagy and mitochondrial membrane potential depletion.
    Anticancer agent 161
  • HY-179170S
    Malonyl CoA-13C3 lithium
    Malonyl CoA-13C3 (Malonyl coenzyme A-13C3) lithium is the 13C-labeled Malonyl CoA lithium (HY-136408). Malonyl CoA (Malonyl Coenzyme A) lithium is an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1). High Malonyl CoA lithium concentrations suppress fatty acid oxidation, while low Malonyl CoA lithium concentrations are permissive for fat oxidation.
    Malonyl CoA-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub> lithium
  • HY-170571
    BE2647
    		Inhibitor
    BE2647 is a selective inhibitor for mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) with an EC50 of 70 nM. BE2647 exhibits good metabolic stability in mouse liver microsomes. BE2647 can be used in research of metabolic diseases, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (MASLD), or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (MASH).
    BE2647
  • HY-176418
    BBOX-IN-1
    		Inhibitor
    BBOX-IN-1 (compound 58) is a potent BBOX inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.02 μM. BBOX-IN-1 can be used in the study of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) .
    BBOX-IN-1
  • HY-B1914S
    Tebufenpyrad-d3
    		Inhibitor
    Tebufenpyrad-d3 is the deuterium labeled Tebufenpyrad (HY-B1914). Tebufenpyrad can induce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage. Tebufenpyrad induces dose-dependent cell death on N27 cells, with an EC50 value of 3.98 μM.
    Tebufenpyrad-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W744986
    L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d5 disodium
    L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d5 disodium ((2S)-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d5 disodium) is the deuterium labeled L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (HY-W015114). L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium is an epigenetic modifier and putative oncometabolite in renal cancer. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium can inhibit histone demethylases and hence promote histone methylation. L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid inhibits mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mi-CK) activity with Km and Ki of 2.52 mM and 11.13 mM, respectively.
    L-2-Hydroxyglutaric acid-d<sub>5</sub> disodium
  • HY-176568
    LCL768
    		Modulator
    LCL768 is a ceramide analog. LCL768 attenuates PARKIN succination to promote PARKIN activation and mitophagy. LCL768 induces CerS1-mediated endogenous C18-ceramide accumulation in mitochondria to mediate mitophagy, which is dependent on DRP1 activation via nitrosylation at C644. LCL768 alters mitochondrial metabolism, resulting in fumarate depletion and leading to tumor suppression. LCL768 improves sensorimotor defects in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS.
    LCL768
  • HY-178749
    MS6076
    		Inhibitor
    MS6076 is a mitochondrial protease ClpP agonist. MS6076 specifically activates the ClpP protease in the mitochondrial matrix, significantly disrupting mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain (ETC) function by accelerating the degradation of unfolded proteins. MS6076 exhibits potent cytotoxicity against a variety of breast cancer cell lines, including triple-negative breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468, MDA-MB-231) and other subtypes (SK-BR-3, MCF-7, BT-474). MS6076 can be used for the study of breast cancer.
    MS6076
  • HY-W777283
    Idebenone-13C,d3
    Idebenone-13C,d3 is the deuterium labeled and 13C-labeled Idebenone (HY-N0303). Idebenone, a well-appreciated mitochondrial protectant, exhibits protective efficacy against neurotoxicity and can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease. Idebenone (oxidised form) has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the enzymatic metabolism of arachidonic acid in astroglial homogenates (IC50=16.65 μM). Idebenone, a coenzyme Q10 analog and an antioxidant, induces apoptotic cell death in the human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SHSY-5Y cells. Idebenone quickly crosses the blood-brain barrier.
    Idebenone-<sup>13</sup>C,d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-114886
    IGP-5
    IGP-5 is a mitochondrial sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate Dehydrogenase (mGPDH) inhibitor with the IC50 of 0.7 μM aganist mGPDH H2O2 production . IGP-5 can be used for study of energy metabolism.
    IGP-5
  • HY-176740
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4
    		Inhibitor
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 (Compound 2-38-III) is a Bcl-xL PROTAC degrader. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 has strong anti-tumor activity against HepG2 cells and HUVEC cells. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 induces cells apoptosis by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential and activating the MAPK signaling pathway. PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4 significantly inhibits tumor growth in xenograft tumor mouse models. Pink: MAPK ligand (HY-176741); Blue: CRBN ligase ligand (HY-10984); Black: linker (HY-W017440)
    PROTAC Bcl-xL degrader-4
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity