NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1271)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Controls (4) Ligand (1) Inhibitors (1060) Agonists (7) Degraders (2) Activators (67) Modulators (21) Inducers (3)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-N0441R

Neferine (Standard)	Inhibitor
Neferine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Neferine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Neferine is a major bisbenzylisoquinline alkaloid. Neferine strongly inhibits NF-κB activation.

HY-W009338R

H-Val-Tyr-OH (Standard)	Inhibitor
H-Val-Tyr-OH is an endogenous metabolite.

HY-N0274R

Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (Standard)	Inhibitor
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (Standard) is the analytical standard of Caffeic acid phenethyl ester. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester is a NF-κB inhibitor.

HY-B0898S

Ceftiofur-d₃ sodium	Inhibitor
Ceftiofur-d₃ sodium is deuterium labeled Ceftiofur sodium (HY-B0898). Ceftiofur sodium is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that targets bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and has anti-inflammatory effects in endotoxemia. Ceftiofur sodium exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Ceftiofur sodium also inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs, thereby reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.

HY-29268

β-Carboline-1-carboxylic acid	Inhibitor
β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is a β-carboline alkaloid with anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antitumor and antibacterial activities. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is the cAMP phosphodiesterase (IC₅₀: 96 µM) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid is cytotoxic to tumor cells. β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid inhibits inflammation through the NF-κb/p65 pathway and can reverse epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, β-Carboline 1-carboxylic acid has strong inhibitory activity against S. aureus (IC₅₀: 47.70 μg/mL) and E. coli (IC₅₀: 19.17 μg/mL).

HY-N6029R

Dehydroevodiamine hydrochloride (Standard)
Dehydroevodiamine hydrochloride is isolated from the leaves of Evodia rutaecarpa.

HY-B0072S

Tropisetron-d₅	Inhibitor
Tropisetron-d₅ (SDZ-ICS-930-d₅ (free base)) is deuterium labeled Tropisetron. Tropisetron (SDZ-ICS-930 free base) is an orally active anti-inflammatory and antiemetic agent. Tropisetron is 5-HT₃R antagonists with a K_i of 5.3 nM. Tropisetron is also a partial agonist of α7 nicotinic receptor (α7 nAChR) with an EC₅₀ of 1.3 μM. In addition, Tropisetron has antitumor and neuroprotective effects.

HY-123870

MX107	Inhibitor
MX107 is a selective and potent survivin inhibitor that suppresses triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cell proliferation. MX107 induces degradation of survivin and inhibitor-of-apoptosis proteins (IAPs), which inhibits nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation induced by DNA damage. MX107 enhances tumoricidal efficacy of genotoxic treatments synergized with chemotherapeutic drugs.

HY-13982R

JSH-23 (Standard)	Inhibitor
JSH-23 (Standard) is the analytical standard of JSH-23. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. JSH-23 is an NF-κB inhibitor which inhibits NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 7.1 μM in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages RAW 264.7. JSH-23 inhibits nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 without affecting IκBα degradation.

HY-13687R

IKK 16 (Standard)	Inhibitor
IKK 16 (Standard) is the analytical standard of IKK 16. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. IKK 16 hydrochloride is an orally active IKK inhibitor. IKK 16 hydrochloride shows IC₅₀s of 40 nM, 70 nM, 200 nM, and 50 nM for IKK2, IKK complex, IKK1, and LRRK 2, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also a pan-PKD inhibitor, inhibiting PKD1, PKD2, and PKD3 with IC₅₀s of 153.9, 115, and 99.7 nM, respectively. IKK 16 hydrochloride is also an ABCB1 inhibitor, interfering with the binding of ABCB1 to its substrates. IKK 16 hydrochloride protects against LPS (HY-D1056)-induced multiple organ dysfunction by reducing the acute inflammatory response induced by endotoxin exposure. IKK 16 hydrochloride can restore renal function and alleviate fibrosis in acute kidney injury. IKK 16 hydrochloride attenuates cardiac dysfunction associated with polymicrobial sepsis in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.

HY-135317E

Emavusertib maleate	Inhibitor
Emavusertib maleate (CA-4948 maleate) is the maleate salt form of Emavusertib (HY-135317). Emavusertib maleate is an orally active inhibitor for IRAK4 (IC₅₀=57 nM) and FLT3. Emavusertib maleate inhibits NF-κB and MyD88 signaling pathways, reduces the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-6 and IL-10, thereby exhibiting anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities against cancer cells, leading to cell apoptosis. Emavusertib maleate exhibits antitumor activity in mouse model.

HY-N0631R

Cornuside (Standard)	Inhibitor
Cornuside (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cornuside. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cornuside is a secoiridoid glucoside isolated from the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zucc., which is a traditional oriental medicine for treating inflammatory diseases and invigorating blood circulation. Cornuside inhibits mast cell-mediated allergic response by down-regulating MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Cornuside has anti-allergic effects in vivo and in vitro which suggests a therapeutic application of this agent in inflammatory allergic diseases.

HY-N1431A

Tabersonine hydrochloride	Inhibitor
Tabersonine hydrochloride is a selective, orally active NLRP3 inhibitor. Tabersonine hydrochloride directly binds to the NACHT domain of NLRP3, inhibiting its ATPase activity and oligomerization, thereby blocking ASC spot formation and caspase-1 activation, and reducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β. Tabersonine hydrochloride also inhibits K63-linked ubiquitination of TRAF6, blocking NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Tabersonine hydrochloride can inhibit inflammatory responses, induce apoptosis of liver cancer cells through mitochondrial pathways and death receptor pathways, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, promote cytochrome c release, and activate caspase proteins. Tabersonine hydrochloride is mainly used in the study of NLRP3-driven inflammatory diseases (such as acute lung injury, sepsis, peritonitis) and tumors such as liver cancer.

HY-B1014R

Acenocoumarol (Standard)	Inhibitor
Acenocoumarol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Acenocoumarol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant that functions as a Vitamin K antagonist. Acenocoumarol inhibits MAPK/ERK/JNK signaling pathway, reduces the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65, activates Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway. Acenocoumarol induces apoptosis in cell A549, arrests cell cycle at S phase.

HY-W005130R

2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde (Standard)	Inhibitor
2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde is an orally active NF- B inhibitor. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzaldehyde shows anti-tumor activity, anti-cancer cell proliferative activity and anti-obesity activity.

HY-B0008R

Sulindac (Standard)	Inhibitor
Sulindac (Standard) is the analytical standard of Sulindac. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Sulindac (MK-231) is an orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Sulindac also is an immunomodulatory agent. Sulindac can be used for the research of arthritis of the spine, gouty arthritis and kinds of cancer including colorectal cancer (CRC) and lung cancer.

HY-163030

LasB-IN-1	Inhibitor
LasB-IN-1 (compound 5f) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of LasB (IC₅₀ = 8.7 μM). LasB-IN-1 effectively attenuates elastase production and biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa while alleviating the inflammatory response through downregulating MAPK and NF-κB pathways. LasB-IN-1 is potential to be a novel anti-infective candidate against drug-resistant infections.

HY-N0253R

Hederacoside C (Standard)	Inhibitor
Hederacoside C (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hederacoside C. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hederacoside C (Kalopanaxsaponin B) is an ingredient that can be obtained mainly from ivy leaves. Hederacoside C mediates inflammation by inhibiting activation of MAPK/NF-κB and its downstream signaling pathway. Hederacoside C has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity.

HY-N1500R

Pulegone (Standard)	Inhibitor
Pulegone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pulegone (HY-N1500). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pulegone is a monoterpene ketone compound widely present in the essential oils of many plants. Pulegone can also be used as a bird repellent. Pulegone has multiple activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-hyperalgesic effects. Pulegone is particularly effective against bacteria of the Salmonella species.

HY-W478741

Pyrraline	Inhibitor
Pyrraline is an Nrf2 pathway activator with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Pyrraline upregulates antioxidant enzymes such as NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) via antioxidant response element (ARE) activation, while inhibiting NFκB-mediated inflammation. Pyrraline is promising for research of metabolic disorders (such as diabetic nephropathy) and cancers.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1271)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1271):