2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-113212
    Ursocholic acid
    		99.91%
    Ursocholic acid, a bile acid present in mammalian bile, is converted to deoxycholic acid (UDC) by the mouse intestinal flora. Ursocholic acid acts as a gallstone dissolving agent in the liver through anti-apoptosis, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, bile regulation, and coordinated changes in mitochondrial integrity and cell signaling, Ursocholic acid also has favorable effects on bones in patients with chronic cholestasis.
    Ursocholic acid
  • HY-104026R
    L-Kynurenine (Standard)
    L-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Kynurenine is a metabolite of the amino acid L-tryptophan. L-Kynurenine is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist.
    L-Kynurenine (Standard)
  • HY-17367
    Atazanavir
    		99.86%
    Atazanavir (BMS-232632) is a highly selective and orally active HIV-1 protease inhibitor . Atazanavir is a substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A4, and an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Atazanavir is also a SARS-CoV 3CLpro inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.49 μM. Atazanavir inhibits cardiac fibrosis, hyperlipidemia and induces malignant glioma death.
    Atazanavir
  • HY-16940
    24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol
    		99.75%
    24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC), the major brain cholesterol metabolite, plays an important role to maintain homeostasis of cholesterol in the brain. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is one of the most efficient endogenous LXR agonist known and is present in the brain and in the circulation at relatively high levels. 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol (24S-OHC) is a very potent, direct, and selective positive allosteric modulator of NMDARs with a mechanism that does not overlapthat of other allosteric modulators.
    24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol
  • HY-N0043
    Ginsenoside Rd
    		99.88%
    Ginsenoside Rd inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.05±0.82 μM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, with IC50s of 58.0±4.5 μM, 78.4±5.3 μM, 81.7±2.6 μM, and 85.1±9.1 μM, respectively.
    Ginsenoside Rd
  • HY-Y1069
    (S)-Malic acid
    		99.62%
    (S)-Malic acid ((S)-2-Hydroxysuccinic acid) is a dicarboxylic acid in naturally occurring form, contributes to the pleasantly sour taste of fruits and is used as a food additive.
    (S)-Malic acid
  • HY-101017
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride
    		98.0%
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride is a fatty acid-derived mitochondrial substrate, and selectively decreases cell survival in colorectal and prostate cancer cells by affecting on pro-inflammatory pathways, Ca2+ influx, and DHT-like effects.
    Palmitoylcarnitine chloride
  • HY-B1610
    Sodium citrate dihydrate
    		98.0%
    Sodium citrate dehydrate (Trisodium citrate dihydrate) is a natural product with oral activity that can be found in citrus fruits. Sodium citrate dehydrate can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis. Sodium citrate dehydrate has antibacterial, anti-tumor and antioxidant activities. Sodium citrate dehydrate can be prepared as a cosolvent or buffer.
    Sodium citrate dihydrate
  • HY-18569S
    3-Indoleacetic acid-d5
    		99.76%
    3-Indoleacetic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled 3-Indoleacetic acid (HY-18569). 3-Indoleacetic acid-d5 can be used as internal standard for assay of IAA releases by alkaline hydrolysis of ester and amide conjugates.
    3-Indoleacetic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-103638A
    3-Methoxytyramine
    3-Methoxytyramine, a well known extracellular metabolite of 3-hydroxytyramine/dopamine, is a neuromodulator.
    3-Methoxytyramine
  • HY-N0486S9
    L-Leucine-d3
    		99.93%
    L-Leucine-d3 is the deuterium labeled L-Leucine. L-Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid (BCAA), which activates the mTOR signaling pathway.
    L-Leucine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W104368
    Nicotinic acid riboside
    		99.90%
    Nicotinic acid riboside is a NAD+ precursor in human cells. Nicotinic acid riboside is an authentic intermediate of human NAD+ metabolism.
    Nicotinic acid riboside
  • HY-110189
    Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium
    		99.96%
    Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one monosulfate sodium) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels.
    Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium
  • HY-76847S
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d4
    		99.93%
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d4 is the deuterium labeled Chenodeoxycholic Acid. Chenodeoxycholic Acid is a hydrophobic primary bile acid that activates nuclear receptors (FXR) involved in cholesterol metabolism.
    Chenodeoxycholic Acid-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-124124
    N-Methylnicotinamide
    		99.72%
    N-Methylnicotinamide is an endogenous metabolite with antithrombotic effect. N-Methylnicotinamide via production/release of prostacyclin inhibits arterial thrombosis development. N-Methylnicotinamide is also the N-methylation product from nicotinamide catalyzed by N-methyltransferase within nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism pathway.
    N-Methylnicotinamide
  • HY-A0100
    Thiamine monochloride
    		99.96%
    Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin that plays an important role in cellular production of energy from ingested food and enhances normal neuronal actives.
    Thiamine monochloride
  • HY-N1579
    Pyrogallol
    		99.97%
    Pyrogallol is a polyphenol compound, which has anti-fungal and anti-psoriatic properties. Pyrogallol is a reductant that is able to generate free radicals, in particular superoxide anions.
    Pyrogallol
  • HY-W001080
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid
    		99.90%
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid is the main neuronal metabolite of dopamine.
    3,4-Dihydroxybenzeneacetic acid
  • HY-N0390S8
    L-Glutamine-15N2
    		99.10%
    L-Glutamine-15N2 is the 15N-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
    L-Glutamine-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-126370A
    Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium
    Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is a metabolite involved in protein geranylgeranylation. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium is the common precursor of  diterpenoids, for example, Paclitaxel. Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium can be used for cancer research.
    Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate triammonium
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity