2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0040
    Ginsenoside Rb2
    		99.87%
    Ginsenoside Rb2 is one of the main bioactive components of ginseng extracts. Rb2 can upregulate GPR120 gene expression. Ginsenoside Rb2 has antiviral effects.
    Ginsenoside Rb2
  • HY-N0322S
    Cholesterol-d7
    		98.45%
    Cholesterol-d7 is the deuterium labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.
    Cholesterol-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-N0067S
    γ-Aminobutyric acid-d6
    		99.92%
    γ-Aminobutyric acid-d6 is the deuterium labeled γ-Aminobutyric acid. γ-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutyric acid) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the adult mammalian brain, binding to the ionotropic GABA receptors (GABAA receptors) and metabotropic receptors (GABAB receptors).
    γ-Aminobutyric acid-d<sub>6</sub>
  • HY-N0610
    Trans-Cinnamic acid
    		99.98%
    trans-Cinnamic acid is a natural antimicrobial, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 250 μg/mL against fish pathogen A. sobria, SY-AS1.
    Trans-Cinnamic acid
  • HY-N1981
    Triolein
    		99.00%
    Triolein is a symmetric triacylglycerol that reduces upregulation of MMP-1 and has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Triolein
  • HY-D0186
    2'-Deoxyuridine
    		99.98%
    2’-deoxyuridine is a brain-penetrant pyrimidines nucleotide that is associated with nervous system diseases. 2'-Deoxyuridine could increase chromosome breakage and results in a decreased thymidylate synthetase activity. 2'-Deoxyuridine is a precursor in the synthesis of Edoxudine (HY-B1011) and also an analogue of 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, EdU (HY-118411). 2’-deoxyuridine reduces microglial activation and improve oxidative stress damage by modulating glycolytic metabolism on the Aβ25-35-induced brain injury, which is promising for research of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
    2'-Deoxyuridine
  • HY-N0537
    Xylose
    		99.51%
    Xylose (D-(+)-Xylose) is a natural pentose sugar that is catalyzed by xylose isomerase to form xylulose, which is a key step in the anaerobic ethanol fermentation of Xylose. Xylose can be used by microorganisms to produce fuels, chemicals, and bulk industrial enzymes. Xylose provides the substances and energy for cells, as a carbon source for the biosynthesis of high-value chemicals and biofuel. Xylose can be used to fully explore lignocellulose resources and provide a new direction for microbia fermentation.
    Xylose
  • HY-77956
    Thyminose
    		99.49%
    Thyminose is a natural product, a 2-deoxyaldopentose, that can be obtained by hydrolyzing the nucleosides that make up thym nucleic acid.
    Thyminose
  • HY-B0303A
    Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
    		99.93%
    Diphenhydramine hydrochloride is a first-generation histamine H1-receptor antagonist with anti-cholinergic effect. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride can across the ovine blood-brain barrier (BBB).
    Diphenhydramine hydrochloride
  • HY-113016
    Elaidic acid
    		99.49%
    Elaidic acid is the major trans fat found in hydrogenated vegetable oils and can be used as a pharmaceutical solvent.
    Elaidic acid
  • HY-B0132
    Norfloxacin
    		98.31%
    Norfloxacin (MK-0366) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which functions by inhibiting DNA gyrase.
    Norfloxacin
  • HY-B2176R
    ATP (Standard)
    ATP (Standard) is the analytical standard of ATP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. In Vitro: ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs.
    ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner.
    ATP promotes neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.
    In Vivo: ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p.) protects mice against bacterial infection in vivo.
    ATP induces the secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 and neutrophils recruitment in vivo.
    ATP (Standard)
  • HY-B1473AS
    Serotonin-d4
    		99.60%
    Serotonin-d4 is deuterium labeled Serotonin. Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter in the CNS and an endogenous 5-HT receptor agonist. Serotonin is also a catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitor with a Ki of 44 μM.
    Serotonin-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-B1131
    Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate
    		98.51%
    Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (Sodium taurocholate hydrate) is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.
    Taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate
  • HY-B0150S
    Nicotinamide-d4
    		99.71%
    Nicotinamide-d4 is the deuterium labeled Nicotinamide. Nicotinamide is a form of vitamin B3 that plays essential roles in cell physiology through facilitating NAD+ redox homeostasis and providing NAD+ as a substrate to a class of enzymes that catalyze non-redox reactions. Nicotinamide is an inhibitor of SIRT1.
    Nicotinamide-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-30267
    4-Hydroxyphenyl acetate
    		99.88%
    4-Hydroxyphenyl acetate (4-HPA) is a natural antioxidant and protects cells from oxidative stress-induced necrosis. 4-Hydroxyphenyl acetate blocks the increase of cellular ROS induced by oxidative stress, and up-regulates NQO1 and HO-1 genes by stabilizing and inducing the nuclear translocation of NRF2 transcription factor.
    4-Hydroxyphenyl acetate
  • HY-100196A
    Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt
    		98.0%
    Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt, a redox co-factor, is an anionic, redox-cycling orthoquinone. Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt is isolated from cultures of methylotropic bacteria and tissues of mammals. Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt is an essential nutrient for mammals and is important for immune function.
    Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt
  • HY-B2209
    Hydroxocobalamin
    		99.32%
    Hydroxocobalamin (Vitamin B12a) is a cyanide antidote. Hydroxocobalamin can decrease the cell and plasma cyanide concentrations and increase survival rate in acute cyanide poisoning. Hydroxocobalamin can improve newborn Cbl-C defect-induced metabolic profile and neurocognitive outcome. Hydroxocobalamin can normalize Vitamin B12 deficiency. Hydroxocobalamin can induce acute kidney injury. Hydroxocobalamin can be used for the researches of metabolic and neurological disease.
    Hydroxocobalamin
  • HY-113038B
    α-Hydroxyglutaric acid
    		≥99.0%
    α-Hydroxyglutaric acid (2-Hydroxyglutarate) is an α-hydroxy acid form of glutaric acid. α-Hydroxyglutaric acid is a competitive inhibitor of multiple α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including histone demethylases and the TET family of 5-methlycytosine (5mC) hydroxylases.
    α-Hydroxyglutaric acid
  • HY-N1420
    Rhamnose
    		99.35%
    Rhamnose (L-Rhamnose ) is an orally active deoxysugar. Rhamnose can inhibit levels of pro-inflammatory interleukin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in skin aging models. Rhamnose can promote the phosphorylation levels of PKA substrates and HSL in SVF-derived adipocytes, stimulating PKA signaling. Rhamnose can act against obesity in mice by stimulating fat dopamine receptors and inducing thermogenesis. Rhamnose shows anti-aging effects. Rhamnose monohydrate can be used in the study of Ehrlich’s solid tumors and sarcomas.
    Rhamnose
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity