2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-Y0520
    Itaconic acid
    		99.98%
    Itaconic acid, a precursor of polymers, chemicals, and fuels, can be synthesized by many fungi. Itaconic acid also is a macrophage-specific metabolite. Itaconic acid mediates crosstalk between macrophage metabolism and peritoneal tumors. Itaconic acid has anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial and immunomodulatory effect.
    Itaconic acid
  • HY-B2156
    Menaquinone-4
    		99.96%
    Menaquinone-4 is a vitamin K, used as a hemostatic agent, and also a adjunctive therapy for the pain of osteoporosis.
    Menaquinone-4
  • HY-B0345A
    ATP disodium salt
    		≥98.0%
    ATP disodium salt (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo, provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP disodium salt is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.
    ATP disodium salt
  • HY-B0112
    Minoxidil
    		99.99%
    Minoxidil (U10858) is an ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel opener, a potent oral antihypertensive agent and a peripheral vasodilator that promotes vasodilation also affects hair growth. Minoxidil is also a potent inhibitor of soybean lipoxygenaseare with an IC50 of 20 μM.
    Minoxidil
  • HY-N0019
    Daidzein
    		99.72%
    Daidzein is a soy isoflavone, which acts as a PPAR activator.
    Daidzein
  • HY-113313
    Aldosterone
    		99.90%
    Aldosterone is the primary mineralocorticoid. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone, and it is synthesized and secreted in response to renin-angiotensin system activation (RAS) or high dietary potassium by the zona glomerulosa (ZG) of the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone activity is dependent by the binding and activation of the cytoplasmic/nuclear mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) at cellular level.
    Aldosterone
  • HY-P1635
    Pepsin
    Pepsin is the major pig and human gastric proteases, it is a pepsin-like minor gastric proteolytic enzymes. Pepsin contributes to proteolysis of food proteins in the vertebrate stomach.
    Pepsin
  • HY-107837
    L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium
    		98.60%
    L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium (2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium) is a long-acting vitamin C derivative that can stimulate collagen formation and expression. L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium (2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium) can be used as a culture medium supplement for the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose stem cells (hASCs). L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium (2-Phospho-L-ascorbic acid trisodium) increases alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and expression of runx2A in hASCs during the osteogenic differentiation.
    L-Ascorbic acid 2-phosphate trisodium
  • HY-N0156
    Oleanolic acid
    		≥98.0%
    Oleanolic acid (Caryophyllin) is a natural compound from plants with anti-tumor activities.
    Oleanolic acid
  • HY-B0710
    Betaine
    		99.84%
    Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity.
    Betaine
  • HY-N0439
    Asiaticoside
    		99.84%
    Asiaticoside, a trisaccaride triterpene from Centella asiatica, suppresses TGF-β/Smad signaling through inducing Smad7 and inhibiting TGF-βRI and TGF-βRII in keloid fibroblasts; Asiaticoside shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-ulcer properties.
    Asiaticoside
  • HY-113424A
    1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
    		98.11%
    1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) is a phospholipid and is commonly used alone, or with other components, in the generation of micelles, liposomes, and other types of artificial membranes.
    1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
  • HY-15337
    Hesperidin
    		98.14%
    Hesperidin (Hesperetin 7-rutinoside), a flavanone glycoside, is isolated from citrus fruits. Hesperidin has numerous biological properties, such as decreasing inflammatory mediators and exerting significant antioxidant effects. Hesperidin also exhibits antitumor and antiallergic activities.
    Hesperidin
  • HY-W050026
    Phenylacetylglutamine
    		99.02%
    Phenylacetylglutamine is a colonic microbial metabolite from amino acid fermentation.
    Phenylacetylglutamine
  • HY-19696A
    Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium
    		98.40%
    Tauroursodeoxycholate (Tauroursodeoxycholic acid; TUDCA) sodium is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inhibitor. Tauroursodeoxycholate significantly reduces expression of apoptosis molecules, such as caspase-3 and caspase-12. Tauroursodeoxycholate also inhibits ERK.
    Tauroursodeoxycholate sodium
  • HY-D0844
    Glutathione oxidized
    		98.89%
    Glutathione oxidized (L-Glutathione oxidized) is produced by the oxidation of glutathione. Detoxification of reactive oxygen species is accompanied by production of glutathione oxidized. Glutathione oxidized can be used for the research of sickle cells and erythrocytes.
    Glutathione oxidized
  • HY-N1428
    Citric acid
    		99.84%
    Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer. Citric acid induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and S phase in HaCaT cells. Citric acid cause oxidative damage of the liver by means of the decrease of antioxidative enzyme activities. Citric acid is also an acidulant, emulsifier, sequestrant and buffering agent widely used across many industries.
    Citric acid
  • HY-17571
    Oxytocin
    		99.79%
    Oxytocin (α-Hypophamine; Oxytocic hormone) is a pleiotropic, hypothalamic peptide known for facilitating parturition, lactation, and prosocial behaviors. Oxytocin can function as a stress-coping molecule with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and protective effects especially in the face of adversity or trauma.
    Oxytocin
  • HY-113324
    NADPH
    		99.49%
    NADPH is a coenzyme of glutathione reductase (GR), thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), and participates in redox reactions as a hydrogen donor. NADPH has the characteristic of selectively participating in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis. NADPH exerts antioxidant activity and resists reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage by providing reducing equivalents for the regeneration of glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin (Trx); at the same time, it acts as a substrate of NOX to generate superoxide anions, mediating oxidative stress and immune response. NADPH participates in maintaining the intracellular reducing environment, biosynthesis and regulating gene expression (such as the Nrf2 pathway), and is mainly used in the study of oxidative stress-related diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer) and immune regulation mechanisms.
    NADPH
  • HY-10529
    Betulinic acid
    		99.06%
    Betulinic acid is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid, acts as a eukaryotic topoisomerase I inhibitor, with an IC50 of 5 μM, and possesses anti-HIV, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties.
    Betulinic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity