2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
  4. DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

DNA/RNA Synthesis

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RNA synthesis, which is also called DNA transcription, is a highly selective process. Transcription by RNA polymerase II extends beyond RNA synthesis, towards a more active role in mRNA maturation, surveillance and export to the cytoplasm.

Single-strand breaks are repaired by DNA ligase using the complementary strand of the double helix as a template, with DNA ligase creating the final phosphodiester bond to fully repair the DNA.DNA ligases discriminate against substrates containing RNA strands or mismatched base pairs at positions near the ends of the nickedDNA. Bleomycin (BLM) exerts its genotoxicity by generating free radicals, whichattack C-4′ in the deoxyribose backbone of DNA, leading to opening of the ribose ring and strand breakage; it is an S-independentradiomimetic agent that causes double-strand breaks in DNA.

First strand cDNA is synthesized using random hexamer primers and M-MuLV Reverse Transcriptase (RNase H). Second strand cDNA synthesis is subsequently performed using DNA Polymerase I and RNase H. The remaining overhangs are converted into blunt ends using exonuclease/polymerase activity. After adenylation of the 3′ ends of DNA fragments, NEBNext Adaptor with hairpin loop structure is ligated to prepare the samples for hybridization. Cell cycle and DNA replication are the top two pathways regulated by BET bromodomain inhibition. Cycloheximide blocks the translation of mRNA to protein.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-104077R
    Remdesivir (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Remdesivir (Standard) is the analytical standard of Remdesivir. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Remdesivir (GS-5734), a nucleoside analogue with effective antiviral activity, has EC50s of 3.3 μM, 4.7 μM, 32 μM, 3.7 μM and 9.2 μM for SARS-CoV-2 and its variants alpha, beta, gamma and delta, respectively. Remdesivir is highly effective in the control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in vitro.
    Remdesivir (Standard)
  • HY-160957
    Cap A (Acetonitrile/Acetic Anhydride, 80/20 v/v)
    		≥99.0%
    Cap A (Acetonitrile/Acetic Anhydride, 80/20 v/v) is a capping reagent that can be used in DNA/RNA synthesis.
    Cap A (Acetonitrile/Acetic Anhydride, 80/20 v/v)
  • HY-W016433
    2-Aminofluorene
    		99.90%
    2-Aminofluorene is a synthetic chemical insecticide. 2-Aminofluorene is a genotoxin. 2-Aminofluorene can be used in the research of DNA adduct structure, DNA repair, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis.
    2-Aminofluorene
  • HY-164248
    Ac-rG
    Ac-rG (N-Acetylguanosine is an acetylated guanosine ribonucleotide.
    Ac-rG
  • HY-159807
    UAU
    UAU (UpApU) is a trinucleotide that is identified as the RNA codon for tyrosine, which is involved in protein synthesis.. UAU can be used in research about the interaction between RNA codons, tRNAs, and ribosomes.
    UAU
  • HY-136648AR
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (trisodium) (Standard)
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (Standard) (dATP trisodium (Standard)) is the analytical standard of 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (HY-136648A). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (dATP trisodium) is a nucleotide used in cells for DNA synthesis (or replication), as a substrate of DNA polymerase.
    2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (trisodium) (Standard)
  • HY-150773S1
    Guanosine triphosphate-d14 dilithium
    Guanosine triphosphate-d14 (GTP-d14) dilithium is a deuterium labeled Guanosine triphosphate (HY-113225). Guanosine triphosphate is a native nucleotide. The derivatives of GTP may be used as specific inhibitors against COVID-19.
    Guanosine triphosphate-d<sub>14</sub> dilithium
  • HY-132138A
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dCTP TEA
    		98.02%
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dCTP (TEA) is a nucleotide molecule that can be used in DNA synthesis and DNA sequencing. For detailed information, refer to compound 17 in patent document WO2004018497A2. 5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dCTP (TEA) is a click chemistry reagent containing an azide group, which can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing alkyne groups. It can also react with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups through strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC).
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dCTP TEA
  • HY-125818S1
    Cytidine-5′-triphosphate-d14 disodium
    		98.00%
    Cytidine-5′-triphosphate-d14 disodium is the deuterium labeled Cytidine-5'-triphosphate. Cytidine 5′-triphosphate (Cytidine triphosphate;5'-CTP) is a nucleoside triphosphate and serves as a building block for nucleotides and nucleic acids, lipid biosynthesis. Cytidine triphosphate synthase can catalyze the formation of cytidine 5′-triphosphate from uridine 5′-triphosphate (UTP). Cytidine 5′-triphosphate is an essential biomolecule in the de novo pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in T. gondii.
    Cytidine-5′-triphosphate-d<sub>14</sub> disodium
  • HY-W128400
    3′-Deoxy-3′-fluoroguanosine
    		Inhibitor 99.29%
    3′-Deoxy-3′-fluoroguanosine exhibits antiviral activity against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), through interaction with NS5B RdRp of HCV, resulting in suppression of viral RNA synthesis by disruption of further extension of the replicating viral RNA.
    3′-Deoxy-3′-fluoroguanosine
  • HY-155244
    12R-LOX-IN-2
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    12R-LOX-IN-2 (compound 7b) is an inhibitor of 12R-lipoxygenase (12R-LOX). 12R-LOX-IN-2 inhibits imiquimod (IMQ)-induced hyperproliferation of psoriatic keratinocytes and suppresses colony formation. 12R-LOX-IN-2 also reduced the protein level of Ki67 and the mRNA expression of IL-17A in IMQ-induced cells. 12R-LOX-IN-2 can be used in research into psoriasis and other skin-related inflammatory diseases.
    12R-LOX-IN-2
  • HY-W002339
    3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine
    		Agonist ≥98.0%
    3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine, isolated from alkaline extracts of cocoa, is used in the synthesis of pyrimidine.
    3-Hydroxy-2-methylpyridine
  • HY-U00337
    Datelliptium chloride
    		Inhibitor 98.33%
    Datelliptium chloride is a DNA-intercalating agent derived from ellipticine, with anti-tumor activities.
    Datelliptium chloride
  • HY-W579408
    DMT-2'-F-dA(bz) phosphoramidite
    DMT-2'-F-dA(bz) phosphoramidite is a phosphoramidite that can be used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides.
    DMT-2'-F-dA(bz) phosphoramidite
  • HY-W012311
    3′-Deoxythymidine
    		Inhibitor
    3′-Deoxythymidine (2′,3′-Dideoxythymidine), a nucleoside analog, inhibits eukaryotic cellular and viral DNA polymerases, and inhibits retrovirus infection in some cells.
    3′-Deoxythymidine
  • HY-17371R
    Oxaliplatin (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Oxaliplatin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Oxaliplatin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Oxaliplatin is a DNA synthesis inhibitor. Oxaliplatin causes DNA crosslinking damage, prevents DNA replication and transcription and induces apoptosis. Oxaliplatin can be used for cancer research.
    Oxaliplatin (Standard)
  • HY-W570892
    DMTr-LNA-U-3-CED-Phosphora
    DMTr-LNA-U-3-CED-phosphora is a phosphorite monomer that can be used in the synthesis of oligonucleotides.
    DMTr-LNA-U-3-CED-Phosphora
  • HY-155869A
    5-fluoro-dCTP sodium
    5-fluoro-dCTP sodium is a fluorinated pyrimidine dNTP that can be used as a substrate for the incorporation of fluorine modification into specific DNA sequences by primer extension (PEX) catalyzed by Pwo polymerase.
    5-fluoro-dCTP sodium
  • HY-W017443S2
    L-Asparagine-13C4,15N2,d3 monohydrate
    		99.90%
    L-Asparagine-13C4,15N2,d3 monohydrate is the deuterium, 13C-, and 15N-labeled L-Asparagine monohydrate (HY-W017443). L-Asparagine monohydrate is an essential amino acid for leukemic cells and a substrate for L-Asparaginase. L-Asparaginase is a potent anti-leukemic enzyme that promotes asparagine (Asn) and glutamine (Gln) depletion and inhibits protein biosynthesis in lymphoblasts. Removal of L-asparagine from plasma by L-Asparaginase results in inhibition of RNA and DNA synthesis and subsequent apoptosis. L-Asparaginase has cell-killing ability in vitro and in vivo, and selectively inhibits the growth of cancer cells with low asparagine synthetase (AASNS) expression. L-Asparagine monohydrate can be used as a biomarker and sensor for the study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
    L-Asparagine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>4</sub>,<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>,d<sub>3</sub> monohydrate
  • HY-132137B
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dUTP tristriethylamine
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dUTP tristriethylamine is a nucleotide molecule that can be used in DNA synthesis and DNA sequencing. For detailed information, refer to compound 5 in patent document WO2004018497A2. It contains an azide group, which can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing alkyne groups. It can also react with molecules containing DBCO or BCN groups through strain-promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC).
    5-Propargylamino-3'-azidomethyl-dUTP tristriethylamine
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity