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2,2′-Dipyridyl disulfide is a useful reagent for the determination of sulfhydryl groups. 2,2′-Dipyridyl disulfide is a common reagent in peptide chemistry, often used in oxidation–reduction condensations to form peptide bonds or in coupling reactions to form disulfide-linked heterodimers .
Helenalin is an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone. Helenalin selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-κB by directly targeting p65. Helenalin has alkylating activity, targets the cysteine sulfhydryl groups in the p65 subunit of NF-κB, thereby inhibits its DNA binding .
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) derives from maleic acid, it can alkylates free sulfhydryl. N-Ethylmaleimide is an irreversible cysteine protease inhibitor. N-ethylmaleimide specific inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria. N-Ethylmaleimide inhibits prolyl endopeptidase with an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. N-Ethylmaleimide can be used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides .
FM-red (PSH-red) is a red-emitting and environment-sensitive probe for selectively detecting and labeling protein thiols. FM-red can be used to image protein sulfhydryl groups in live cells and in vivo. FM-red also could be used to measure of the redox states of thioredoxin (Trx) .
N-Succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) is a protein modifying agent. N-Succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate adds sulfhydryl groups to proteins and other amine-containing molecules in a protected form. N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate can thiolate antibodies, thereby promoting efficient attachment of antibodies to other molecules and exerting conjugation activity. N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate can be used in immunoassays such as ELISA studies .
Cyanine3 maleimide tetrafluoroborate is a specific labeling reagent for sulfhydryl groups with the λex of 550 nm and λem of 580 nm. Cyanine3 maleimide tetrafluoroborate can be used for protein and peptide labeling .
BDP R6G maleimide is a borodipyrromethane fluorophore with absorption and emission wavelengths similar to those of R6G rhodamine. Sulfhydryl labelling is a common protein modification where the cysteine residues in the protein allow more site-specific labelling than the NHS ester of the amine group. BDP R6G maleimide is a thiol reactive dye that reacts with thiol groups to form thioester bonds .
BDP 581/591 maleimide is a linker of the BDP 581/591 dye. It has a long fluorescence lifetime and can be used for fluorescence polarization assays. The maleimide group can react with thiol groups to form thioester bonds between pH 6.5 to 7.5, for the labeling of sulfhydryl groups of proteins and peptides.
SPDP (SPDP Crosslinker) is a short-chain crosslinker for amine-to-sulfhydryl conjugation via NHS-ester and pyridyldithiol reactive groups that form cleavable (reducible) disulfide bonds with cysteine sulfhydryls. It is a glutathione cleavable ADC linker used for the antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) .
Preactivated PE-Cy5 Maleimide is a sulfhydryl reactive dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide binds easily to proteins or antibodies, and does not change the spectral characteristics of APC-Cy/YF after activation.
Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide is a sulfhydryl reactive dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide binds easily to proteins or antibodies, and does not change the spectral characteristics of APC-Cy/YF after activation.
AMAS is a nonclaevable heterobifunctional crosslinker with NHS ester and maleimide groups that allows covalent conjugation of amine- and sulfhydryl-containing molecules.
DM4-SPDP is a agent-linker conjugate composed of a potent antitubulin agent DM4 and a linker SMCC to make antibody agent conjugate . SPDP is a short-chain crosslinker for amine-to-sulfhydryl conjugation via NHS-ester and pyridyldithiol reactive groups that form cleavable (reducible) disulfide bonds with cysteine sulfhydryls .
Zofenoprilat arginine is an antihypertensive agent that enhances the effect of bradykinin on coronary flow, particularly in the presence of sulfhydryl-containing converting enzyme inhibitors.
Dansylamidoethyl mercaptan is a molecule that reacts with -SH groups of proteins and other sulfhydryl-containing molecules and has activity for detecting SS bonds in proteins.
6,6′-Dithiodinicotinic acid is a sulfur-containing organic compound belonging to nicotinic acid derivatives, which can be used as a specific sulfhydryl blocker .
MTSEA hydrobromide is a sulfhydryl-reactive compound that modifies free cysteine residues to produce a positively charged side chain approximately the size of lysine .
Senecionine acetate (O-Acetylsenecionine) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Senecionine acetate inhibits the sequestration of Ca 2+ in extramitochondrial and mitochondrial compartments possibly by inactivating free sulfhydryl groups .
Sulfo-SMCC sodium is a commonly used hetero-bifunctional, noncleavable ADC crosslinker bearing N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and maleimide groups to react with primary amines and sulfhydryl groups, respectively.
Sulfo-SMPB sodium is a non-cleavable, heterobifunctional chemical cross-linking reagent which contains N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and maleimide groups, allowing covalent conjugation of amine- and sulfhydryl-containing molecules .
mPEG-CHO (mPEG-propionaldehyde) is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative with a propionaldehyde group. Propionaldehyde is a highly reactive functional group that can covalently bind to amino, sulfhydryl and other functional groups .
800CW maleimide is an infrared dye that can be used for labeling molecules that contain free sulfhydryl (–SH) groups (Ex: 778 nm; Em: 796 nm). 800CW maleimide binds to plasma proteins .
SQ-24,798 is a compound that inhibits carboxypeptidase B with high affinity and specificity. Its inhibitory effect may be achieved through the binding of the sulfhydryl group to the zinc ion of the enzyme and specific side chains.
MTSES sodium (Sodium (2-Sulfonatoethyl)methanethiosulfonate) is a negatively charged, membrane-impermeable methanethiosulfonate (MTS). MTS is a compound that reacts with sulfhydryl groups to form mixed disulfide bonds and is often used to study cysteine ??residues on proteins.
Moexipril-d5 is the deuterium labeled Moexipril. Moexipril hydrochloride is a potent orally active non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor, which is used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure .
AF488 NHS ester is an amine specific fluorescence probe (Em=525 nm). AF488 NHS ester reacts with sulfhydryl groups and amines in aqueous and biological samples then change their chemical structure and fluorescence properties after derivatization .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 5000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 10000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 1000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 400) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 400) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
Lactyl-CoA is an acyl-CoA formally condensed from the sulfhydryl group of CoA and the carboxyl group of lactic acid, also known as lactyl-CoA. Lactyl-CoA is essential for the biosynthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible lactic acid-based copolymers .
PerCP Maleimide is a fluorescent dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. PerCP is a red fluorescence albuminous dye for immunostaining and Maleimide can be leveraged for the preparation of fluorogenic probe, which is mainly used for the specific detection of thiol analytes .
IgdE protease is a cysteine protease, which is initially isolated from Streptococcus agalactiae. IgdE protease digests monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) of the IgG1 type specifically at their upper hinge region, produces Fc/2, hinge peptide dimers, and Fab fragment. IgdE protease can be used in disulfide bonds and free thiol analysis, as it requires no reducing agents for cleavage .
Sulfo-GMBS is a cross-linking agent widely used in chemical modification and coupling reactions of proteins and peptides. Among the amine-sulfhydryl cross-linkers, Sulfo-GMBS generated the largest number of cross-links and covered most of the cross-links that were identified with AMAS and GMBS .
Cytochalasin A is a cell-permeable fungal toxin that is an oxidized derivative of cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin A is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (IC50=3 μM) and inhibits actin polymerization and interferes with microtubule assembly by reacting with sulfhydryl groups. Antibiotic and fungicidal activitives .
N-Ethylmaleimide-d5 is the deuterium labeled N-Ethylmaleimide. N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), a reagent that alkylates free sulfhydryl groups, is a cysteine protease inhibitor . N-ethylmaleimide specific inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria . N-Ethylmaleimide is also a deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitor .
Tetramethylrhodamine-6-maleimide is a fluorescent dye with a reactive sulfhydryl-specific moiety is covalently coupled to this cysteine. Tetramethylrhodamine-6-maleimide can be used as labels to detect local protein motions of the fully active Na+/K+-ATPase in real time .
Biotin-PE-maleimide (N-Biotinyl-N'-[2-(N-maleimido)ethyl]piperazine) is a bulky, membrane-impermeable, sulfhydryl-containing reagent with a relatively large molecular size. Biotin-PE-maleimide can be used for biotin labeling (such as thiol groups) and detection of proteins or other biomolecules .
p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate is an organomercurial activator of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). P-Aminophenylmercuric acetate participates in the activation and inhibition of MMP-8 by attacking protein sulfhydryl or inducing cysteine switching reaction. p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate promotes the shedding of betacellulin precursor (pro-BTC). p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate influences the binding of agonists and antagonists to the opiate receptor .
Bayogenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bayogenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bayogenin is an alfalfa saponin, shows moderate potency of glycogen phosphorylase inhibition .
BP Fluor 532 maleimide is a photostable, bright yellow-fluorescent dye with pH insensitive emission from pH 4 to pH 10. The excitation of BP Fluor 532 is ideally suited for the frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser line. BP Fluor 532 dye can be conjugated to a variety of antibodies, peptides, proteins, tracers, and amplification substrates, and is often used for the generation of stable signals in imaging and flow cytometry.
Maleimide is the most popular sulfhydryl-reactive group for conjugating the dye to a thiol group on a protein, oligonucleotide thiophosphate, or low molecular weight ligand. The maleimide group specifically and efficiently reacts with reduced thiols (sulfhydryl groups, –SH) at pH 6.5 to 7.5 to form a stable thioether bond. The resulting conjugates exhibit brighter fluorescence and greater photostability than the conjugates of many other spectrally similar fluorophores.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 2000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
AF488 NHS ester TEA is an amine specific fluorescence probe (λem=525 nm=525 nm). AF488 NHS ester reacts with sulfhydryl groups and amines in aqueous and biological samples then change their chemical structure and fluorescence properties after derivatization. AF488 exhibits the λem and λex wavelength of 520 nm and 470 nm, respectively .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 (HY-D0822) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds .
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 (HY-D0822) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds .
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
L-Dithiothreitol (DTT) is a reducing agent commonly used in various biochemical applications to break disulfide bonds in proteins, thereby denaturing proteins or preventing the formation of unwanted aggregates. DTT has a unique chemical property that cleaves the sulfur-sulfur bond in the disulfide bond to form a sulfhydryl group. This makes it a useful tool for protein purification, enzyme assays, and protein structure studies.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Bucillamine (SA96) is an orally active and potent sulfhydryl donor and antioxidant. Bucillamine is also an antirheumatic agent with antiangiogenic properties. Bucillamine can protect against Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in high-risk organ transplants. Bucillamine inhibits the production of VEGF. Bucillamine can be used for the research of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) .
Cy7.5 PEG-SH is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines CY7.5 (HY-D0926) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds (Ex/Em = 770/820 nm).
Cy3-PEG-Thiol (Cy3-PEG-SH) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-Thiol is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 2000) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 2000) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 10000) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 3400) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy7.5 maleimide is a CY dye. CY, short for Cyanine, is a compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms connected by an odd number of methyl units. Cyanine compounds have the characteristics of long wavelength, adjustable absorption and emission, high extinction coefficient, good water solubility and relatively simple synthesis . CY dyes are of en used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies and small molecular compounds. For the labeling of protein antibodies, the combination can be completed through a simple mixing reaction. Below, we introduce the labeling method of protein antibody labeling, which has certain reference significance .
6-Maleimidohexanoic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (EMCS) is a heterobifunctional cross-linking reagent. EMCS is used as a unique and useful reagent for preparation of hapten conjugate and enzyme immunoconjugates .
Bucillamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bucillamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bucillamine (SA96) is an orally active and potent sulfhydryl donor and antioxidant. Bucillamine is also an antirheumatic agent with antiangiogenic properties. Bucillamine can protect against Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in high-risk organ transplants. Bucillamine inhibits the production of VEGF. Bucillamine can be used for the research of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) .
Mal-Cyclohexyl-PEG3-Biotin is a PEG linker containing a maleimide moiety and a biotin group. Maleimides react specifically with sulfhydryl groups to form a stable thioether linkage when the pH is between 6.5 and 7.5. The biotinylation can react with amine molecules in the presence of activator EDC or HATU. PEG attached to the biotin gives an extended spacer arm that permits the biotin to reach into the binding pocket of the protein. The PEG moiety also increases solubility of Biotin-PEG conjugates considerably.
DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide is a phospholipid-PEG conjugate. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide utilizes the amphiphilicity of DSPE to insert into the lipid bilayer of liposomes or nanoparticles. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide covalently couples to the sulfhydryl (-SH) of ligands (such as antibodies, peptides, or proteins) via thiol-maleimide click chemistry, giving the particles targeting capabilities. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide can be used in the researches of breast cancer, lymphoma, and inherited retinal degeneration .
DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide free acid is a phospholipid-PEG conjugate. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide free acid utilizes the amphiphilicity of DSPE to insert into the lipid bilayer of liposomes or nanoparticles. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide free acid covalently couples to the sulfhydryl (-SH) of ligands (such as antibodies, peptides, or proteins) via thiol-maleimide click chemistry, giving the particles targeting capabilities. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide free acid can be used in the researches of breast cancer, lymphoma, and inherited retinal degeneration .
FITC (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate), is one of the green fluorescein derivatives widely used in biology. FITC has the characteristics of high absorptivity and excellent fluorescence quantum yield. The isothiocyanate group of FITC can be combined with amino, sulfhydryl, imidazole, tyrosyl, carbonyl and other groups on the protein, so as to achieve protein labeling including antibodies and lectins. In addition to its use as a protein marker, FITC can also be used as a fluorescent protein tracer to rapidly identify pathogens by labeling antibodies, or for microsequencing of proteins and peptides (HPLC). The maximum excitation wavelength of FITC is 494 nm. Once excited, it fluoresces yellow-green at a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm. In addition, FITC is also a hapten that can induce contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and induce an atopic dermatitis model .
FM-red (PSH-red) is a red-emitting and environment-sensitive probe for selectively detecting and labeling protein thiols. FM-red can be used to image protein sulfhydryl groups in live cells and in vivo. FM-red also could be used to measure of the redox states of thioredoxin (Trx) .
Cyanine3 maleimide tetrafluoroborate is a specific labeling reagent for sulfhydryl groups with the λex of 550 nm and λem of 580 nm. Cyanine3 maleimide tetrafluoroborate can be used for protein and peptide labeling .
BDP R6G maleimide is a borodipyrromethane fluorophore with absorption and emission wavelengths similar to those of R6G rhodamine. Sulfhydryl labelling is a common protein modification where the cysteine residues in the protein allow more site-specific labelling than the NHS ester of the amine group. BDP R6G maleimide is a thiol reactive dye that reacts with thiol groups to form thioester bonds .
BDP 581/591 maleimide is a linker of the BDP 581/591 dye. It has a long fluorescence lifetime and can be used for fluorescence polarization assays. The maleimide group can react with thiol groups to form thioester bonds between pH 6.5 to 7.5, for the labeling of sulfhydryl groups of proteins and peptides.
Preactivated PE-Cy5 Maleimide is a sulfhydryl reactive dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide binds easily to proteins or antibodies, and does not change the spectral characteristics of APC-Cy/YF after activation.
Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide is a sulfhydryl reactive dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. Preactivated APC-Cy5.5 Maleimide binds easily to proteins or antibodies, and does not change the spectral characteristics of APC-Cy/YF after activation.
800CW maleimide is an infrared dye that can be used for labeling molecules that contain free sulfhydryl (–SH) groups (Ex: 778 nm; Em: 796 nm). 800CW maleimide binds to plasma proteins .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 5000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 10000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 1000) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
FITC-PEG-SH (MW 400) is a fluorescent dye composed of polyethylene glycol (PEG), FITC (HY-66019) and a sulfhydryl (SH). FITC-PEG-SH (MW 400) can be used for fluorescent labeling and imaging .
PerCP Maleimide is a fluorescent dye that reacts with free sulfhydryl groups on proteins. PerCP is a red fluorescence albuminous dye for immunostaining and Maleimide can be leveraged for the preparation of fluorogenic probe, which is mainly used for the specific detection of thiol analytes .
Tetramethylrhodamine-6-maleimide is a fluorescent dye with a reactive sulfhydryl-specific moiety is covalently coupled to this cysteine. Tetramethylrhodamine-6-maleimide can be used as labels to detect local protein motions of the fully active Na+/K+-ATPase in real time .
BP Fluor 532 maleimide is a photostable, bright yellow-fluorescent dye with pH insensitive emission from pH 4 to pH 10. The excitation of BP Fluor 532 is ideally suited for the frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser line. BP Fluor 532 dye can be conjugated to a variety of antibodies, peptides, proteins, tracers, and amplification substrates, and is often used for the generation of stable signals in imaging and flow cytometry.
Maleimide is the most popular sulfhydryl-reactive group for conjugating the dye to a thiol group on a protein, oligonucleotide thiophosphate, or low molecular weight ligand. The maleimide group specifically and efficiently reacts with reduced thiols (sulfhydryl groups, –SH) at pH 6.5 to 7.5 to form a stable thioether bond. The resulting conjugates exhibit brighter fluorescence and greater photostability than the conjugates of many other spectrally similar fluorophores.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 2000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
AF488 NHS ester TEA is an amine specific fluorescence probe (λem=525 nm=525 nm). AF488 NHS ester reacts with sulfhydryl groups and amines in aqueous and biological samples then change their chemical structure and fluorescence properties after derivatization. AF488 exhibits the λem and λex wavelength of 520 nm and 470 nm, respectively .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 (HY-D0822) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds .
Cy5-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5 (HY-D0821) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 (HY-D0822) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds .
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 1000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy5.5-PEG-SH (MW 5000) is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy5.5 (HY-D0924) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds.
Cy7.5 PEG-SH is a fluorescent labeling reagent that combines CY7.5 (HY-D0926) fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. SH is highly reactive and can react with a variety of functional groups (such as maleimide) to form stable thioether bonds (Ex/Em = 770/820 nm).
Cy3-PEG-Thiol (Cy3-PEG-SH) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-Thiol is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 2000) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 2000) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 10000) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 10000) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 3400) (Cy3-PEG-Thiol) is a near infrared fluorescent labeling reagent that combines Cy3 fluorescent dye, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sulfhydryl (SH) polyethylene glycol derivatives, and is suitable for molecular coupling. Cy3-PEG-SH (MW 3400) is absorbed at 550nm and has high solubility and end-group substitution rate .
Cy7.5 maleimide is a CY dye. CY, short for Cyanine, is a compound consisting of two nitrogen atoms connected by an odd number of methyl units. Cyanine compounds have the characteristics of long wavelength, adjustable absorption and emission, high extinction coefficient, good water solubility and relatively simple synthesis . CY dyes are of en used for the labeling of proteins, antibodies and small molecular compounds. For the labeling of protein antibodies, the combination can be completed through a simple mixing reaction. Below, we introduce the labeling method of protein antibody labeling, which has certain reference significance .
FITC (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate), is one of the green fluorescein derivatives widely used in biology. FITC has the characteristics of high absorptivity and excellent fluorescence quantum yield. The isothiocyanate group of FITC can be combined with amino, sulfhydryl, imidazole, tyrosyl, carbonyl and other groups on the protein, so as to achieve protein labeling including antibodies and lectins. In addition to its use as a protein marker, FITC can also be used as a fluorescent protein tracer to rapidly identify pathogens by labeling antibodies, or for microsequencing of proteins and peptides (HPLC). The maximum excitation wavelength of FITC is 494 nm. Once excited, it fluoresces yellow-green at a maximum emission wavelength of 520 nm. In addition, FITC is also a hapten that can induce contact hypersensitivity (CHS) and induce an atopic dermatitis model .
N-Succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate (SATA) is a protein modifying agent. N-Succinimidyl S-acetylthioacetate adds sulfhydryl groups to proteins and other amine-containing molecules in a protected form. N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate can thiolate antibodies, thereby promoting efficient attachment of antibodies to other molecules and exerting conjugation activity. N-Succinimidyl-S-acetylthioacetate can be used in immunoassays such as ELISA studies .
Sulfo-SMCC sodium is a commonly used hetero-bifunctional, noncleavable ADC crosslinker bearing N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester and maleimide groups to react with primary amines and sulfhydryl groups, respectively.
p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate is an organomercurial activator of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). P-Aminophenylmercuric acetate participates in the activation and inhibition of MMP-8 by attacking protein sulfhydryl or inducing cysteine switching reaction. p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate promotes the shedding of betacellulin precursor (pro-BTC). p-Aminophenylmercuric acetate influences the binding of agonists and antagonists to the opiate receptor .
L-Dithiothreitol (DTT) is a reducing agent commonly used in various biochemical applications to break disulfide bonds in proteins, thereby denaturing proteins or preventing the formation of unwanted aggregates. DTT has a unique chemical property that cleaves the sulfur-sulfur bond in the disulfide bond to form a sulfhydryl group. This makes it a useful tool for protein purification, enzyme assays, and protein structure studies.
DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide is a phospholipid-PEG conjugate. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide utilizes the amphiphilicity of DSPE to insert into the lipid bilayer of liposomes or nanoparticles. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide covalently couples to the sulfhydryl (-SH) of ligands (such as antibodies, peptides, or proteins) via thiol-maleimide click chemistry, giving the particles targeting capabilities. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide can be used in the researches of breast cancer, lymphoma, and inherited retinal degeneration .
Dansylamidoethyl mercaptan is a molecule that reacts with -SH groups of proteins and other sulfhydryl-containing molecules and has activity for detecting SS bonds in proteins.
Biotin-PE-maleimide (N-Biotinyl-N'-[2-(N-maleimido)ethyl]piperazine) is a bulky, membrane-impermeable, sulfhydryl-containing reagent with a relatively large molecular size. Biotin-PE-maleimide can be used for biotin labeling (such as thiol groups) and detection of proteins or other biomolecules .
MCE High-Affinity Iodoacetyl Agarose, a 4% highly cross-linked agarose reagent coupled with a derivative of iodoacetic acid, is ideal for conjugating sulfhydryl-containing peptide or protein for subsequent affinity purification.
Helenalin is an anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene lactone. Helenalin selectively inhibits transcription factor NF-κB by directly targeting p65. Helenalin has alkylating activity, targets the cysteine sulfhydryl groups in the p65 subunit of NF-κB, thereby inhibits its DNA binding .
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) derives from maleic acid, it can alkylates free sulfhydryl. N-Ethylmaleimide is an irreversible cysteine protease inhibitor. N-ethylmaleimide specific inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria. N-Ethylmaleimide inhibits prolyl endopeptidase with an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. N-Ethylmaleimide can be used to modify cysteine residues in proteins and peptides .
Lactyl-CoA is an acyl-CoA formally condensed from the sulfhydryl group of CoA and the carboxyl group of lactic acid, also known as lactyl-CoA. Lactyl-CoA is essential for the biosynthesis of biodegradable and biocompatible lactic acid-based copolymers .
Cytochalasin A is a cell-permeable fungal toxin that is an oxidized derivative of cytochalasin B. Cytochalasin A is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease (IC50=3 μM) and inhibits actin polymerization and interferes with microtubule assembly by reacting with sulfhydryl groups. Antibiotic and fungicidal activitives .
Senecionine acetate (O-Acetylsenecionine) is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid. Senecionine acetate inhibits the sequestration of Ca 2+ in extramitochondrial and mitochondrial compartments possibly by inactivating free sulfhydryl groups .
Bayogenin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bayogenin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bayogenin is an alfalfa saponin, shows moderate potency of glycogen phosphorylase inhibition .
GFER protein, acting as an autocrine hepatotrophic growth factor, critically promotes liver regeneration. GFER Protein, Human (HEK293, His, solution) is the recombinant human-derived GFER protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
GFER protein, acting as an autocrine hepatotrophic growth factor, critically promotes liver regeneration. GFER Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is the recombinant human-derived GFER protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-His labeled tag.
GFER protein, acting as an autocrine hepatotrophic growth factor, critically promotes liver regeneration. GFER Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived GFER protein, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
GFER protein, acting as an autocrine hepatotrophic growth factor, critically promotes liver regeneration. GFER Protein, Human (N-His) is the recombinant human-derived GFER, expressed by E. coli , with N-6*His labeled tag.
The GFER protein is a FAD-dependent sulfhydryl oxidase that restores redox-active disulfide bonds in CHCHD4/MIA40, an important partner for protein folding in the mitochondrial intermembrane space.GFER Protein, Rat (His-SUMO) is the recombinant rat-derived GFER protein, expressed by E.coli , with N-His, N-SUMO labeled tag.
N-Ethylmaleimide-d5 is the deuterium labeled N-Ethylmaleimide. N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM), a reagent that alkylates free sulfhydryl groups, is a cysteine protease inhibitor . N-ethylmaleimide specific inhibits phosphate transport in mitochondria . N-Ethylmaleimide is also a deubiquitinating enzyme inhibitor .
Moexipril-d5 is the deuterium labeled Moexipril. Moexipril hydrochloride is a potent orally active non-sulfhydryl angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitor, which is used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure .
DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide is a phospholipid-PEG conjugate. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide utilizes the amphiphilicity of DSPE to insert into the lipid bilayer of liposomes or nanoparticles. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide covalently couples to the sulfhydryl (-SH) of ligands (such as antibodies, peptides, or proteins) via thiol-maleimide click chemistry, giving the particles targeting capabilities. DSPE-PEG2000-Maleimide can be used in the researches of breast cancer, lymphoma, and inherited retinal degeneration .
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