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Macrophage polarization

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30

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1

Biochemical Assay Reagents

2

Peptides

10

Natural
Products

1

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

1

Oligonucleotides

Targets Recommended:
Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-E70390
    C1s Enzyme

    masp-2, c1 esterase, c1-esterase

    		 Wnt Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    C1s Enzyme is a subunit of the complement C1 complex, which activates the complement as a serine protease. C1s Enzyme cleaves LRP5 and LRP6, and thus activates the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway. C1s Enzyme promotes the macrophage M2 polarization and inhibits M1 polarization. C1s Enzyme enhances efferocytosis, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity .
    C1s Enzyme
  • HY-142140S
    3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3-d6

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Others
    3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3-d6 is the deuterium labeled 3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 (HY-142140) . 3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3 is the vitamin D metabolite, while vitamin D metabolism highly dependent on macrophage polarization. The C3-epimerase pathway for vitamin D is active in macrophages .
    3-epi-25-Hydroxy Vitamin D3-d6
  • HY-101563
    GSK3326595
    Maximum Cited Publications
    24 Publications Verification

    EPZ015938

    		 Histone Methyltransferase SARS-CoV MDM-2/p53 CDK Apoptosis Infection Cancer
    GSK3326595 is a protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibitor. GSK3326595 decreases SARS-CoV-2 infection, inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization and increases hepatic triglyceride levels without affecting atherosclerosis. GSK3326595 can be used for research of relapsed/refractory mantle cell lymphoma .
    GSK3326595
  • HY-160851
    GDC-3280

    AK3287; AKEX0011

    		 ASK1 p38 MAPK Inflammation/Immunology
    GDC-3280 (AK3287; AKEX0011) is an orally active compound based on Pirfenidone (HY-B0673)'s phenyl pyridone scaffold. GDC-3280 alleviates the inflammatory and fibrotic reaction of silicosis by inhibiting the ASK1-p38 MAPK pathway and regulating macrophage polarization. GDC-3280 exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects .
    GDC-3280
  • HY-128578
    KPLH1130
    2 Publications Verification

    		 PDHK NO Synthase Interleukin Related HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    KPLH1130 is a pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) inhibitor. KPLH1130 potently inhibits M1 macrophage polarization by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreasing the levels of M1 phenotype markers (HIF-1α, iNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. KPLH1130 prevents the reduction of mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR) induced by inflammatory stimuli (LPS ((HY-D1056) + IFN-γ) in various macrophage types. KPLH1130 improves glucose tolerance in HFD-fed mice. KPLH1130 can be used for the study of obesity-associated metabolic disorders and other inflammatory conditions .
    KPLH1130
  • HY-151188
    DHU-Se1

    		NO Synthase TNF Receptor Inflammation/Immunology
    DHU-Se1 is a potent anti-inflammatory agent. DHU-Se1 can stimulate macrophages to release the reactive selenium compound and reduce the expression of cellular inflammatory factors (eg: iNOS and TNF-α). DHU-Se1 alleviate the process of inflammation by blocking the polarization of macrophages from M0 to M1 .
    DHU-Se1
  • HY-172944
    GPR40 Activator 3

    		Free Fatty Acid Receptor Metabolic Disease
    GPR40 Activator 3 (compound SC) is a potent GPR40 activator. GPR40 Activator 3 mitigates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization via the GPR40/PKD1/CD36 axis .
    GPR40 Activator 3
  • HY-173518
    SIN 14

    		Heme Oxygenase (HO) Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) NO Synthase COX Interleukin Related Inflammation/Immunology
    SIN 14, a derivative of Sinomenine (HY-15122), is an orally active HO-1 activator (KD = 17.2 μM). SIN 14 binds to the catalytic core domain of HO-1 and induces HO-1 activation in catalysis. SIN 14 significantly increases HO-1 stability. SIN 14 has anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits M1 macrophage polarization while promoting M2 polarization in LPS (Lipopolysaccharides)(HY-D1056)-induced RAW264.7 cells. SIN 14 inhibits inflammatory mediator production (eg: NO, IL-6, IL-1β and CCL2, inhibits production of ROS and down-regulates the expression of COX-2 and iNOS. SIN 14 can inhibit RA-related inflammatory edema in collagen-induced arthritis (ClA) mice .
    SIN 14
  • HY-113481
    Prostaglandin E3

    		Transmembrane Glycoprotein COX PKA Prostaglandin Receptor Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Prostaglandin E3 is an eicosanoid derived from eicosapentaenoic acid. Prostaglandin E3 inhibits polarization towards M1 but promotes polarization of M2a macrophages. Prostaglandin E3 shows anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity .
    Prostaglandin E3
  • HY-161778
    ZG-126

    		HDAC VD/VDR Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    ZG-126 is an agonist for vitamin D receptor (VDR) and an inhibitor for histone deacetylase (HDAC) (IC50=0.63-67.6 μM). ZG-126 exhibits cytotoxicity in cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and 4T1. ZG-126 exhibits antitumor and anti-metastatic efficacy against melanoma and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in mouse models. ZG-126 also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, through the reduction of macrophage infiltration and immunosuppressive M2-polarization .
    ZG-126
  • HY-N7043
    Isosilybin A
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Apoptosis PPAR NF-κB p38 MAPK ERK Androgen Receptor Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Isosilybin A is a PPARγ agonist that can be isolated from silymarin. Isosilybin A activates extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis through targeting of the Akt-NF-kB-AR axis. Isosilybin A can relieve the inflammatory response in the rosacea model via inhibiting Erk and p38 signaling pathways and M1 macrophage polarization, with its targets related to RELA and VEGFA. Isosilybin A has anti-prostate cancer (PCA) activity [1][2][3].
    Isosilybin A
  • HY-W142432
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid

    		Biochemical Assay Reagents β-catenin Wnt Arginase TGF-beta/Smad mTOR Akt ERK Atg8/LC3 p62 Autophagy Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid is a perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). Perfluoroundecanoic acid is an orally active oxidative stress inducer. Perfluoroundecanoic acid promotes macrophage M2 polarization, activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and enhances β-catenin nuclear accumulation. Perfluoroundecanoic acid -induced M2 phenotype macrophage accelerates tumor progression in vitro and in vivo. Perfluoroundecanoic acid induces DNA damage, reproductive and pathophysiological dysfunctions via oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Perfluoroundecanoic acid inhibits Leydig cell development in pubertal male rats via inducing oxidative stress and autophagy. Perfluoroundecanoic acid accelerates insulitis development in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Perfluoroundecanoic acid can be used for the study of ovarian cancer, type 1 diabetes and inflammation .
    Perfluoroundecanoic acid
  • HY-N7043R
    Isosilybin A (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Apoptosis PPAR NF-κB p38 MAPK ERK Androgen Receptor Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Isosilybin A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Isosilybin A (HY-N7043). Isosilybin A is a PPARγ agonist that can be isolated from silymarin. Isosilybin A activates extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of apoptosis through targeting of the Akt-NF-kB-AR axis. Isosilybin A can relieve the inflammatory response in the rosacea model via inhibiting Erk and p38 signaling pathways and M1 macrophage polarization, with its targets related to RELA and VEGFA. Isosilybin A has anti-prostate cancer (PCA) activity [1][2][3].
    Isosilybin A (Standard)
  • HY-176456
    PARP14 inhibitor 2

    		PARP Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    PARP14 inhibitor 2 (Compound 3) is an orally active and highly selective PARP14 inhibitor with an IC50 value of <30 nM. PARP14 inhibitor 2 inhibits the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of PARP14 and regulates IFN-γ and IL-4 signaling, reversing protumor macrophage polarization and inhibiting anti-tumor inflammatory responses. PARP14 inhibitor 2 is promising for research of PARP14-related diseases such as tumors, atopic dermatitis and autoimmune diseases .
    PARP14 inhibitor 2
  • HY-155848
    LYP-IN-4

    		Phosphatase Cancer
    LYP-IN-4 (compound D14) is a reversible and selective inhibitor of lymphotyrosine phosphatase (LYP) (Ki=1.34 μM, IC50=3.52μM). LYP-IN-4 inhibits LYP to regulate TCR signaling, up-regulates PD-1/PD-L1 expression, and enhance anti-tumor immunity. LYP-IN-4 activates T cells and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization, inhibits tumor growth in MC38 isogenic mouse models.
    LYP-IN-4
  • HY-155847
    LYP-IN-3

    		Phosphatase Cancer
    LYP-IN-3 (compound D34) is a selective inhibitor of Lymphoid-tyrosine phosphatase (LYP) (Ki=0.93 μM), and regulates T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway in tumor progress. LYP-IN-3 activates T-cell and inhibits M2 macrophage polarization, but upregulates PD-1/PD-L1 expression. LYP-IN-3 can be leveraged with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor, for futher cancer immunotherapy .
    LYP-IN-3
  • HY-168954
    CSF1R-IN-26

    		c-Fms Apoptosis Akt ERK STAT Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    CSF1R-IN-26 (Compound III-1) is the inhibitor for CSF-1R with an IC50 of 20.07 nM. CSF1R-IN-26 promotes the polarization of M2 macrophages to M1 macrophages, thereby inducing apoptosis in MC-38 cancer cell. CSF1R-IN-26 inhibits the activation of AKT/ERK/STAT3 signaling pathway. CSF1R-IN-26 reconstructs the tumor immune microenvironment and exhibits antitumor activity in mouse models. CSF1R-IN-26 exhibits pharmacokinetics characteristics in SD rats with a half-life 1.86 hours, and an oral bioavailability of 79.22% .
    CSF1R-IN-26
  • HY-175180
    Conophyllidine

    		Histone Acetyltransferase Arginase Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Conophyllidine, a bisindole alkaloid, is a selective M2 polarization inhibitor. Conophyllidine inhibits histone acetylation by targeting the histone acetyltransferase domain of the P300/CBP proteins. Conophyllidine inhibits IL-4-induced arginase with an IC50 of 0.31 μM. Conophyllidine effectively induces a phenotypic switch in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from an anti-inflammatory to an inflammatory type, thereby enhancing cytotoxic CD8 + T cell recruitment and functionality within the tumor microenvironment. Conophyllidine can be used for the study of TAMs .
    Conophyllidine
  • HY-P10947
    MACTIDE-V

    		Epigenetic Reader Domain YAP Cancer
    MACTIDE-V is an orally active and selective peptide-drug conjugate targeting CD206. MACTIDE-V delivers Verteporfin (HY-B0146) to CD206 + tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to inhibit the YAP/TAZ signaling pathway, prompting YAP exclusion from the nucleus, inducing TAM polarization toward an anti-tumoral phenotype with enhanced phagocytosis and antigen presentation, and boosting T cell infiltration and NK cell activity. MACTIDE-V suppresses primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse models .
    MACTIDE-V
  • HY-N6850
    Calenduloside E
    1 Publications Verification

    		 Apoptosis Pyroptosis AMPK Bcl-2 Family JAK STAT Calcium Channel Interleukin Related TNF Receptor SOD Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) PPAR Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    Calenduloside E is a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin that can be extracted from the bark and roots of Aralia ovata, and has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Calenduloside E alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating macrophage polarization, improves mitochondrial function by regulating the AMPK-SIRT3 pathway, and alleviates acute liver injury. In addition, Calenduloside E promotes the interaction between L-type calcium channels and Bcl-2 related apoptosis genes, inhibits calcium overload, and alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Calenduloside E also improves non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating heat shock-dependent pathways, and inhibits ROS mediated JAK1-STAT3 pathways to reduce cellular inflammatory responses .
    Calenduloside E
  • HY-107666
    PHA 568487

    		nAChR Neurological Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    PHA 568487 a selective agonist of alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α-7 nAchR) .PHA 568487 reduces neuroinflammation and oxidative stress . PHA-568487 has rapid brain penetration .
    PHA 568487
  • HY-129674
    PHA 568487 free base

    		nAChR Neurological Disease
    PHA 568487 free base is a selective alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α-7 nAchR) agonist. PHA 568487 free base reduces neuroinflammation .
    PHA 568487 free base
  • HY-N6871
    Abietic acid
    2 Publications Verification

    		 Bacterial IKK Ferroptosis Infection Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Abietic acid, an orally active diterpene isolated from Colophony, displays significant anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity effect, bacteriostatic, cell cycle arresting and pro-apoptotic activities. Abietic acid inhibits lipoxygenase activity for allergy. Abietic acid enhances cell migration and tube formation in HUVECs. Abietic acid induces significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 expression. Abietic acid attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathway to inhibit M1 macrophage polarization. Abietic acid exhibits a positive effect against liver injury by attenuating inflammation and ferroptosis. Abietic acid shows accelerated wound closure in a mouse model of cutaneous wounds. Abietic acid significantly reduces the proliferation and growth of NSCLC cells by IKKβ inhibition.Additionally, Abietic acid ameliorates psoriasis-like inflammation and modulates gut microbiota in mice. Abietic acid is promising for research in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), liver injury-related deseases and psoriasis .
    Abietic acid
  • HY-N2110
    Phellopterin

    		Akt Sirtuin Integrin STAT PI3K Apoptosis ERK PPAR PKC Toll-like Receptor (TLR) HIV Inflammation/Immunology
    Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus .
    Phellopterin
  • HY-N2110R
    Phellopterin (Standard)

    		Reference Standards Akt Sirtuin Integrin STAT PI3K Apoptosis ERK PPAR PKC Toll-like Receptor (TLR) HIV Infection Cardiovascular Disease Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Phellopterin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Phellopterin. Phellopterin, an orally active furocoumarin with multiple biological activities. Phellopterin is a partial agonist of the central benzodiazepine receptors. Phellopterin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by upregulating SIRT1, downregulating ICAM-1 (reducing chronic inflammation, aiding diabetic ulcer healing), inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation (easing atopic dermatitis inflammation), regulating Akt/PKC pathways (lowering TNF-α-induced VCAM-1 to block monocyte adhesion), and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway and macrophage M2 polarization (alleviating colitis-related cancers). Phellopterin suppresses ovarian cancer progression via inhibiting the PU.1/CLEC5A/PI3K-AKT loop (inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA damage). Phellopterin alleviates murine diabetes by promoting adipocyte differentiation and increasing PPARγ. Phellopterin also has anti-HSV-1 activity. Phellopterin can be used for studying anti-inflammation, anti-cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer, colitis cancer), blood glucose lowering, anti-diabetes, and anti-virus.
    Phellopterin (Standard)
  • HY-N0171A
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
    10+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (purity>98%); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (purity>98%)

    		 Bacterial Apoptosis Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) MDM-2/p53 Caspase PARP MMP Bcl-2 Family HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related NF-κB mTOR Lactate Dehydrogenase CDK Glutathione Peroxidase SOD Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%)
  • HY-N0171R
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
    5+ Cited Publications

    β-Sitosterol (Standard); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (Standard))

    		 Reference Standards Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Beta-Sitosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc.
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
  • HY-N0171
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
    10+ Cited Publications

    		 Apoptosis Endogenous Metabolite Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity≥80%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>80%)
  • HY-N0171AR
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) (Standard)

    β-Sitosterol (purity>98%) (Standard); 22,23-Dihydrostigmasterol (purity>98%) (Standard)

    		 Reference Standards Apoptosis Bacterial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) MDM-2/p53 Caspase PARP Bcl-2 Family HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase TNF Receptor Interleukin Related NF-κB mTOR Lactate Dehydrogenase CDK Glutathione Peroxidase SOD Infection Cardiovascular Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) (Standard) is an analytical standard for Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%). Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is intended for research and analytical applications. Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) is orally active. Beta-Sitosterol exhibits multiple activities, including anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antioxidant enzyme, and analgesic. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits inflammation and impaired adipogenesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by reducing levels of ROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NF-κB p65 and restoring the activity of the HIF-1α/mTOR signaling pathway. Beta-Sitosterol induces apoptosis in cancer cells through ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation and p53 activation. Beta-Sitosterol exerts its anticancer effects in cancer cells by activating caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9, mediating PARP inactivation, MMP loss, altered Bcl-2-Bax ratio, and cytochrome c release. Beta-Sitosterol modulates macrophage polarization and reduces rheumatoid inflammation in mice. Beta-Sitosterol inhibits tumor growth in multiple mouse cancer models. Beta-Sitosterol can be used in the research of arthritis, lung cancer, breast cancer and other cancers, diabetes, etc .
    Beta-Sitosterol (purity>98%) (Standard)
  • HY-D1056F
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4

    Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

    		 Biochemical Assay Reagents Inflammation/Immunology
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 (Biotin-LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) is a biotin-conjugated Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HY-D1056A1) that can be coupled with streptavidin protein. Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4 can be used to identify Lipopolysaccharide ligands. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) are endotoxins and TLR4 activators extracted from Escherichia coli (E. coli O111:B4) and are classified as S (smooth) type LPS. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 possess the typical three-part structure: O-antigen, R3-type core oligosaccharide, and lipid A. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 activate TLR-4 in immune cells and can cause significant gastric diseases. Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 can also induce M1-type polarization in mouse macrophages .
    It is recommended to prepare a stock solution of ≥2 mg/mL and ensure that it is fully mixed and dissolved. Due to the adsorption characteristics of LPS, low adsorption centrifuge tubes should be used for aliquoting and storage.
    Biotin-Lipopolysaccharide, from E.coli O111:B4

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