2. Academic Validation
  3. Arabidopsis phospholipase Dζ2 facilitates vacuolar acidification and autophagy under phosphorus starvation by interacting with VATD

Arabidopsis phospholipase Dζ2 facilitates vacuolar acidification and autophagy under phosphorus starvation by interacting with VATD

  • Cell Rep. 2025 Jul 22;44(7):116024. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116024.
Bin Guan 1,  Ke-Xuan Xie 2,  Xin-Qiao Du 2,  Yu-Xuan Bai 3,  Peng-Chao Hao 2,  Wen-Hui Lin 3,  Jiří Friml 4,  Hong-Wei Xue 5
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria.
  • 2 Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
  • 3 The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
  • 4 Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Klosterneuburg, Austria.
  • 5 Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. Electronic address: hwxue@sjtu.edu.cn.
PMID: 40668679 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.116024
Abstract

Vacuolar acidification is crucial for the homeostasis of intracellular pH and the recycling of proteins and nutrients in cells, thereby playing important roles in various physiological processes related to vacuolar function. The key factors regulating vacuolar acidification and underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we report that Arabidopsis Phospholipase Dζ2 (PLDζ2) promotes the acidification of the vacuolar lumen to stimulate autophagic degradation under phosphorus deficiency. The pldζ2 mutant massively accumulates autophagic structures while exhibiting premature leaf senescence under nutrient starvation. Impaired autophagic flux, lytic vacuole morphology, and lytic degradation in pldζ2 indicate that PLDζ2 regulates Autophagy by affecting the vacuolar function. PLDζ2 locates in both tonoplast and cytoplasm. Genetic, structural, and biochemical studies demonstrate that PLDζ2 directly interacts with vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase) subunit D (VATD) to promote vacuolar acidification and Autophagy under phosphorus starvation. These findings reveal the importance of V-ATPase and vacuolar pH in autophagic activity and provide clues in elucidating the regulatory mechanism of vacuolar acidification.

Keywords

CP: Cell biology; CP: Plants; V-ATPase subunit D; VATD; autophagy; phospholipase Dζ2; phosphorus starvation; vacuolar acidification.

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