2. Immunology/Inflammation Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Anti-infection Autophagy
  3. Glucocorticoid Receptor SARS-CoV Autophagy Complement System Mitophagy Bacterial Antibiotic
  4. Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)

Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)  (Synonyms: Dexamethasone cyclodextrin complex)

Cat. No.: HY-14648C Purity: ≥98.0%
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Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) Water Soluble is a water-soluble form of Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and a common disease inducer in experimental animals. It can be used to construct models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has the potential to be used in COVID-19 research.(Sale size is the weight of dexamethasone)

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)

Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 50-02-2

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Based on 275 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Dexamethasone (Water Soluble):

Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) Related Antibodies

Top Publications Citing Use of Products

256 Publications Citing Use of MCE Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)

IF
Proliferation Assay
WB
RT-PCR

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Nat Genet. 2024 Apr;56(4):663-674.  [Abstract]

    Dexamethasone (Dex) (2 h) increases MYC expression in BT549 cells.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell. 2023 Jun 22;186(13):2823-2838.e20.  [Abstract]

    Whole-mount IF staining for HuC/D, GFAP and pSTAT3 (arrows indicate pSTAT3+ nuclei) (P), and quantification of pSTAT3+ enteric glia cell nuclei normalized to the GFAP+ area (Q) after 7 days of stress or dexamethasone treatment.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Jan 1:299:120179.

    Western blotting analysis of Itgb2 levels in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Jan 1:299:120179.

    mRNA levels of Itgb2 in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Carbohydr Polym. 2023 Jan 1:299:120179.

    Immunofluorescence analysis of Itgb2 in Dexamethasone (100 nM; for 1 hour)-treated MODE-K cells.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    Representative photographs of H&E and Lamin immunofluorescence staining for WT and KO TA muscles. Quantification of five independent experiments shows that knockout of SYISL alleviates muscle weight loss caused by Dexamethasone (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced muscle atrophy.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    Western blotting results show that SYISL overexpression can further promote protein ubiquitination levels in Dexamethasone (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced muscular atrophy. Muscle atrophy is induced by intraperitoneal injection of DEX for 10 days in 3‐month‐old wild‐type and KO mice, respectively.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2022 Aug;13(4):2017-2030.  [Abstract]

    qRT‐PCR results show that DEX (DEX; 25 μg/g ; once a day; for 10 days)-induced myotube atrophy can increase the expression levels of MuRF1, Atrogin‐1, FoxO3a, SYISL, and miR‐205‐5p, decrease the expression levels of miR‐23a‐3p and miR‐103‐3p, but does not affect the expression level of SYNPO2.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Aug;178(15):2976-2997.  [Abstract]

    Primary microglial cells incubated with Protopanaxadiol (100 μM), Dexamethasone (100 nM) or Dexamethasone-BSA (10 nM) show remarkable dynorphin A expression. Pretreatment with Dexamethasone-21-mesylate for 0.5 h completely abolished Protopanaxadiol-, Dexamethasone- or Dexamethasone-BSA-stimulated dynorphin A expression.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    4T1 cells are treated with Dexamethasone (Dex; 100 nM)/GSK650394 in vitro for 48 h before inoculation via intravenous injection.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    The migration assay of 4T1 cells in different condition. 4T1 cells were pretreated with 100 nM Dexamethasone (Dex) for 48 h and then are used for Transwell.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    The GR expression of 4T1 cells treated with Dexamethasone (100 nM)/Mifepristone for 48 h.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Oncogene. 2021 Sep;40(35):5367-5378.  [Abstract]

    For in situ treatment in the 4T1 tumor model, Dexamethasone (Dex; 3 mg/kg) is performed every three days by gavage twice/day. The expression of Nedd4l, p-Nedd4l, Smad2 and p-Smad2 after SGK1 knockout.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 macrophages induced with LPS (1 μg/mL) for 6 h. Then cellular uptake of Cy5-labeled Dexamethasone (Dex)/OxiαCD NPs or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs is assessed using confocal laser scanning microscopy at various times.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 cells are treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h, the optical density values at 450 nm were measured and the cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Western blot analysis of iRhom2, TNF-α, and BAFF expression in Raw264.7 cells treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biomaterials. 2020 Feb;232:119730.  [Abstract]

    Raw264.7 cells are treated with various concentrations of blank NPs, free Dexamethasone (Dex), Dex/Oxi-αCD NPs, or Dex/FA-Oxi-αCD NPs for 24 h, mRNA level of iRhom2 in Raw264.7 cells is detected by quantitative real-time PCR. Data are presented by the relative amount of mRNA normalized by GAPDH.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;180:114145.  [Abstract]

    After C2C12 myotubes are incubated with Dexamethasone (DEX) and S-Rg3 for 24 h, myotube levels of MuRF1 and atrogin-1 are detected using Western blot analysis.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Biochem Pharmacol. 2020 Oct;180:114145.  [Abstract]

    Translocation of FoxO3 after treatment with S-Rg3 in DEX-treated C2C12 myotubes was investigated by immunofluorescence staining.

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    Description

    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) Water Soluble is a water-soluble form of Dexamethasone (HY-14648). Dexamethasone is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist, apoptosis inducer, and a common disease inducer in experimental animals. It can be used to construct models of muscle atrophy, hypertension, and depression. Dexamethasone can inhibit the production of inflammatory miRNA-155 exosomes in macrophages and significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors in neutrophils and monocytes. Dexamethasone also has the potential to be used in COVID-19 research[1].(Sale size is the weight of dexamethasone)

    In Vitro

    Note:
    Product is approximately 65 mg of Dexamethasone per gram containing a balance of β-Cyclodextrin. Solubility in H2O: ≥ 100 mg/mL indicates that 100 mg of the weighed total product (not the effective weight) dissolves in 1 mL of water.

    Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) regulates several transcription factors, including activator protein-1, nuclear factor-AT, and nuclear factor-kB, leading to the activation and repression of key genes involved in the inflammatory response[1].
    Dexamethasone potently inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) release from A549 cells with EC50 of 2.2 nM. Dexamethasone (EC50=36 nM) induces transcription of the β2-receptor is found to correlate with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) DNA binding and occurred at 10-100 fold higher concentrations than the inhibition of GM-CSF release. Dexamethasone (IC50=0.5 nM) inhibits a 3×κB (NF-κB, IκBα, and I-κBβ), which is associated with inhibition of GM-CSF release[2].

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) Related Antibodies
    In Vivo

    Based on blood and multi-tissue concentration-time profiles of Dexamethasone (DEX), no significant sex differences were found in its tissue distribution. Blood cell to plasma partitioning (0.664) and plasma free fraction (0.175) were moderate, with widespread distribution in the liver (Kp=6.76). Possibly due to P-glycoprotein-mediated efflux, the concentration of DEX in the brain is very low compared to the expected high permeability[5].
    Dexamethasone (DEX) can be used in animal modeling to construct models of muscle atrophy, hypertension and depression.

    1. Induction of muscle atrophy[6][7]
    Background
    Glucocorticoids are important mediators of skeletal muscle protein degradation and upregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Dexamethasone induces tibialis anterior muscle protein degradation by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor, resulting in muscle atrophy.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Mice: C57BL/6 • male • 6-week-old
    Administration: 5 mg/kg • ip • once daily for 2 weeks
    Modeling Indicators
    Molecular changes: Increased indicators: C2C12 ubiquitin ligase, MuRF1, Atrogin-1, Cbl-b, p-Foxo1, p-Foxo3a. Resulted C2C12 myotube protein degradation, and Glucocorticoid receptor translocation to the nucleus
    Phenotypic observation: Decreased indicators: The weight of the anterior muscles, gastrocnemius, quadriceps and soleus muscles. The ratio of skeletal muscle to body weight decreases.
    Correlated Product(s): Betamethasone (HY-13570)
    Opposite Product(s): Glabridin (HY-N0393)
    2. Induction of hypertension[8][9]
    Background
    The underlying mechanisms that induce hypertension (HT) are unknown.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Rat: Sprague-Dawley • Male • 200-300 g
    Administration: 20 μg • sc • once daily from days 5 to 16 • control rats: saline with 0.1 mL/100 g/day from days 1 to 16 (po) or 0.2 mL/rat/day (sc).
    Dog: 10.1-19.1 kg • average=13.7 kg
    Administration: 0.5 mg/kg • po • once daily for 10 days
    Modeling Indicators
    Hemodynamics: MAP, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, TPR levels increased in central hemodynamics. Total peripheral resistance, blood pressure, atrial natriuretic peptide, and the pressor response to norepinephrine, are significantly increased in Systemic and renal hemodynamics.
    Behavior: The dog showed obvious natriuresis and diuresis.
    Opposite Product(s): Saralasin (HY-P0205); Prazosin (HY-B0193)
    3. Induction of depressive behavior[10][11]
    Background
    Astrocytes are a key feature of major depressive disorder (MD), and reduced expression by glucocorticoids results in reduced astrocyte numbers. Long-term treatment with Dexamethasone can cause a series of depression-like symptoms in rodents.
    Specific Modeling Methods
    Rat: Sprague-Dawley • Male • 200-250 g
    Administration: 1 mg/kg • po • once daily every other day for 5 months
    Note
    (1) Prepare a 3% (w/v) treatment solution and filter through a 0.45 μm cellulose acetate filter.
    (2) Rats should not be exposed to any other water source for 4 days before starting treatment.
    (3) On the 4th day, change the treatment solution to water and feed for 3 days to allow the mice to recover temporarily. Weigh and conduct behavioral experiments on day 7.
    Mice: C57BL/6 • Male • 9-10 weeks old • 23-25 g
    Administration: 4 mg/kg • ip • once dailly for 21 days
    Modeling Indicators
    Metabolism changes: Serum cortisol levels in rats ↑.
    Behavior: Immobility time during the forced swim test (FST) &uarr. Preference for sucrose &darr in the sucrose preference test.
    Opposite Product(s): Amitriptyline (HY-B0527)

    MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
    Clinical Trial
    CAS No.
    Appearance

    Solid

    Color

    Off-white to light yellow

    SMILES

    [Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)]
    Shipping

    Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.
    Storage
    Powder -20°C 3 years
    In solvent -80°C 6 months
    -20°C 1 month
    Solvent & Solubility
    In Vitro: 

    H2O : ≥ 100 mg/mL

    *"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

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    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble) Related Classifications

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    • Do most proteins show cross-species activity?

      Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.

    Keywords:

    Dexamethasone (Water Soluble)50-02-2Dexamethasone cyclodextrin complexGlucocorticoid ReceptorSARS-CoVAutophagyComplement SystemMitophagyBacterialAntibioticSARS coronavirusMitochondrial AutophagyInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

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