2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Others
  4. Reference Standards

Reference Standards

Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, and the uses include the calibration of a measurement system, assessment of a measurement procedure, assigning values to other materials, and quality control and so on.

Reference Standards Related Products (7746):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-50896R
    Erlotinib (Standard)
    Erlotinib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Erlotinib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Erlotinib (CP-358774) is a directly acting EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 nM for human EGFR. Erlotinib reduces EGFR autophosphorylation in intact tumor cells with an IC50 of 20 nM. Erlotinib is used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Erlotinib is a click chemistry reagent, itcontains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Erlotinib (Standard)
  • HY-N0215R
    L-Phenylalanine (Standard)
    L-Phenylalanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Phenylalanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Phenylalanine ((S)-2-Amino-3-phenylpropionic acid) is an essential amino acid isolated from Escherichia coli. L-Phenylalanine is a α2δ subunit of voltage-dependent Ca+ channels antagonist with a Ki of 980 nM. L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist for the glycine- and glutamate-binding sites of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) (KB of 573 μM ) and non-NMDARs, respectively. L-Phenylalanine is widely used in the production of food flavors and pharmaceuticals.
    L-Phenylalanine (Standard)
  • HY-F0003R
    NADPH tetrasodium salt (Standard)
    NADPH tetrasodium salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of NADPH tetrasodium salt (HY-F0003). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. NADPH tetrasodium salt functions as an important cofactor in a variety of metabolic and biosynthetic pathways. NADPH tetrasodium salt is an endogenous inhibitor of ferroptosis. NADPH tetrasodium salt plays a vital role in the biosynthesis of agents, chiral alcohols, fatty acids and biopolymers, while also being required for lipid biosynthesis, biomass formation, and cell replication.
    NADPH tetrasodium salt (Standard)
  • HY-N0379R
    D-Mannose (Standard)
    D-Mannose (Standard) is the analytical standard of D-Mannose. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. D-Mannose is a C-2 superpolymer of glucose that occurs naturally in many plants and fruits. D-Mannose has anti-inflammatory and antitumor activity. D-Mannose plays an important role in immune regulation.
    D-Mannose (Standard)
  • HY-B0809R
    Theophylline (Standard)
    Theophylline (Standard) is the analytical standard of Theophylline. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) is a potent phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, adenosine receptor antagonist, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activator. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) inhibits PDE3 activity to relax airway smooth muscle. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) has anti-inflammatory activity by increase IL-10 and inhibit NF-κB into the nucleus. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) induces apoptosis. Theophylline (1,3-Dimethylxanthine) can be used for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) research.
    Theophylline (Standard)
  • HY-B0158R
    Cytidine (Standard)
    Cytidine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cytidine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cytidine is a pyrimidine nucleoside and acts as a component of RNA. Cytidine is a precursor of uridine. Cytidine controls neuronal-glial glutamate cycling, affecting cerebral phospholipid metabolism, catecholamine synthesis, and mitochondrial function. In Vivo:Cytidine decreases glutamate/glutamine levels and induces earlier improvement of depressive symptoms.
    Cytidine (Standard)
  • HY-B2167R
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard)
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Docosahexaenoic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an omega-3 fatty acid abundantly present brain and retina. It can be obtained directly from fish oil and maternal milk. In Vitro: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is essential for the growth and functional development of the brain in infants. DHA is also required for maintenance of normal brain function in adults. The inclusion of plentiful DHA in the diet improves learning ability and memory. DHA is an essential requirement in every step of brain development like neural cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis. The multiple double bonds and unique structure allow DHA to impart special membrane characteristics for effective cell signaling. Many development disorders like dyslexia, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia etc. are causally related to decreased level of DHA. DHA is a potent RXR ligand inducing robust RXR activation already at low micro molar concentrations. The EC50 for RXRα activation by DHA is about 5-10 μM fatty acid. In Vivo: Docosahexaenoic acid administration over 10 weeks significantly reduces the number of reference memory errors, without affecting the number of working memory errors, and significantly increases the docosahexaenoic acid content and the docosahexaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio in both the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex. DHA treatment exerts neuroprotective actions on an experimental mouse model of PD. There is a decrease tendency in brain lipid oxidation of MPTP mice but it does not significantly.
    Docosahexaenoic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0648R
    Medroxyprogesterone (Standard)
    Medroxyprogesterone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Medroxyprogesterone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications.
    Medroxyprogesterone (Standard)
  • HY-18260R
    Bisphenol A (Standard)
    Bisphenol A (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bisphenol A. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bisphenol A is a phenolic, organic synthetic compound widely used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Bisphenol A is a reproductive, developmental, and systemic toxicant, often classified as an endocrine-disrupting compound (EDC). Bisphenol A is associated with many diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, kidney diseases, obesity, and reproductivedisorders.
    Bisphenol A (Standard)
  • HY-B2219R
    Stearic acid (Standard)
    Stearic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Stearic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Stearic acid is a long-chain dietary saturated fatty acid that can significantly reduce visceral fat by inducing apoptosis of preadipocytes. Stearic acid can be used in the study of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
    Stearic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B0143R
    Niacin (standard)
    Niacin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Niacin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is an orally active water-soluble B3 vitamin that is an essential nutrient for humans. Niacin (Vitamin B3) plays a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling cascades regulating gene expression and apoptosis. Niacin (Vitamin B3) is also used in the study of cardiovascular diseases.
    Niacin (standard)
  • HY-17471AR
    Metformin hydrochloride (Standard)
    Metformin hydrochloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Metformin (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to AMPK activation and enhancing insulin sensitivity, and can be used in the study of type 2 diabetes. Metformin hydrochloride also inhibits liver oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis caused by liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. In addition, metformin hydrochloride regulates the expression of autophagy-related proteins by activating AMPK and inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway, thereby inducing tumor cell autophagy and inhibiting the growth of renal cell carcinoma in vitro and in vivo.
    Metformin hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-10585R
    Valproic acid (Standard)
    Valproic acid (Dipropylacetic Acid) (Standard) is an analytical standard for valproic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Valproic acid is an orally active HDAC inhibitor (IC50=0.5-2 mM), inhibits the activity of HDAC1 (IC50=400 μM), and induces the degradation of HDAC2. Valproic acid activates Notch1 signaling and inhibits the proliferation of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. Valproic acid is used in the study of epilepsy, bipolar disorder, metabolic diseases, HIV infection, and migraine.
    Valproic acid (Standard)
  • HY-10182R
    Laduviglusib (Standard)
    Laduviglusib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Laduviglusib. Laduviglusib (CHIR-99021) is a potent, selective and orally active GSK-3α/β inhibitor with IC50s of 10 nM and 6.7 nM. Laduviglusib shows >500-fold selectivity for GSK-3 over CDC2, ERK2 and other protein kinases. Laduviglusib is also a potent Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activator. Laduviglusib enhances mouse and human embryonic stem cells self-renewal. Laduviglusib induces autophagy.
    Laduviglusib (Standard)
  • HY-N0384R
    Homovanillic acid (Standard)
    Homovanillic acid (Standard) (Vanilacetic acid (Standard)) is the analytical standard of Homovanillic acid (HY-N0384). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Homovanillic acid (Vanilacetic acid) is a dopamine metabolite found to be associated with aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency, celiac disease, growth hormone deficiency, and sepiapterin reductase deficiency.
    Homovanillic acid (Standard)
  • HY-10227R
    Bortezomib (Standard)
    Bortezomib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Bortezomib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Bortezomib (PS-341) is a reversible and selective proteasome inhibitor, and potently inhibits 20S proteasome (Ki=0.6 nM) by targeting a threonine residue. Bortezomib disrupts the cell cycle, induces apoptosis, and inhibits NF-κB. Bortezomib is the first proteasome inhibitor anticancer agent. Bortezomib can be used for the study of multiple myeloma (MM). Bortezomib effectively inhibits TREM2 expression in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs).
    Bortezomib (Standard)
  • HY-B0504R
    Creatinine (Standard)
    Creatinine (Standard) is the analytical standard of Creatinine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Creatinine (NSC13123) is a breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscles.
    Creatinine (Standard)
  • HY-50856R
    Ruxolitinib (Standard)
    Ruxolitinib (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ruxolitinib. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ruxolitinib (INCB18424) is a potent and selective JAK1/2 inhibitor with IC50s of 3.3 nM and 2.8 nM in cell-free assays, and has 130-fold selectivity for JAK1/2 over JAK3. Ruxolitinib induces autophagy and kills tumor cells through toxic mitophagy.
    Ruxolitinib (Standard)
  • HY-13704R
    SN-38 (Standard)
    SN-38 (Standard) is the analytical standard of SN-38. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. SN-38 is an active metabolite of the Topoisomerase I inhibitor Irinotecan. SN-38 inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis with IC50s of 0.077 and 1.3 μM, respectively. SN-38 is a payload of sacituzumab govitecan (HY -132254).
    SN-38 (Standard)
  • HY-15531R
    Venetoclax (Standard)
    Venetoclax (Standard) is the analytical standard of Venetoclax. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Venetoclax (ABT-199; GDC-0199) is a highly potent, selective and orally bioavailable Bcl-2 inhibitor with a Ki of less than 0.01 nM. Venetoclax induces autophagy.
    Venetoclax (Standard)