2. Signaling Pathways
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  4. Reference Standards

Reference Standards

Material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with respect to one or more specified properties, and the uses include the calibration of a measurement system, assessment of a measurement procedure, assigning values to other materials, and quality control and so on.

Reference Standards Related Products (6723):

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0623R
    L-Tryptophan (standard)
    L-Tryptophan (standard) is the analytical standard of L-Tryptophan. L-Tryptophan (Tryptophan) is an orally active and essential amino acid that is the precursor of serotonin, melatonin, and vitamin B3. L-Tryptophan can promote an increase in stemness and osteogenic ability of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. L-Tryptophan inhibits cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest with high levels.
    L-Tryptophan (standard)
  • HY-14596R
    Genistein (Standard)
    		99.31%
    Genistein (Standard) is the analytical standard of Genistein. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Genistein, a soy isoflavone, is a multiple tyrosine kinases (e.g., EGFR) inhibitor which acts as a chemotherapeutic agent against different types of cancer, mainly by altering apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and inhibiting metastasis.
    Genistein (Standard)
  • HY-B0240R
    Disulfiram (Standard)
    Disulfiram (Standard) is the analytical standard of Disulfiram. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Disulfiram (Tetraethylthiuram disulfide) is a specific inhibitor of aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH1), used for the treatment of chronic alcoholism by producing an acute sensitivity to alcohol. Disulfiram inhibits gasdermin D (GSDMD) pore formation in liposomes and inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in human and mouse cells. Disulfiram + Cu2+ increases intracellular ROS levels triggering apoptosis of ovarian cancer stem cells[1-6].
    Disulfiram (Standard)
  • HY-B0545R
    Probenecid (Standard)
    		99.00%
    Probenecid (Standard) is the analytical standard of Probenecid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Probenecid is a potent and selective agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2) channels. Probenecid also inhibits pannexin 1 channels.
    Probenecid (Standard)
  • HY-B0165AR
    Pravastatin sodium (Standard)
    		98.10%
    Pravastatin (sodium) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pravastatin (sodium). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pravastatin sodium (CS-514 sodium) is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor against sterol synthesis with IC50 of 5.6 μM.
    Pravastatin sodium (Standard)
  • HY-N0322R
    Cholesterol (Standard)
    		98.23%
    Cholesterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cholesterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.
    Cholesterol (Standard)
  • HY-B1511R
    Cyclic AMP (Standard)
    Cyclic AMP (Standard) is the analytical standard of Cyclic AMP. Cyclic AMP (Cyclic adenosine monophosphate), adenosine triphosphate derivative, is an intracellular signaling molecule responsible for directing cellular responses to extracellular signals. Cyclic AMP is an important second messenger in many biological processes.
    Cyclic AMP (Standard)
  • HY-N0171R
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
    		98.18%
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) is the analytical standard of Beta-Sitosterol. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) includes β-sitosterol (≥80%), stigmasterol, campesterol and brassicasterol mainly. Beta-Sitosterol is a plant sterol. Beta-Sitosterol (Standard) interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, survival, invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis and inflammation.
    Beta-Sitosterol (Standard)
  • HY-N0390R
    L-Glutamine (Standard)
    L-Glutamine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells.
    L-Glutamine (Standard)
  • HY-N0182R
    Fisetin (Standard)
    		98.47%
    Fisetin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Fisetin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Fisetin is a natural flavonol found in many fruits and vegetables with various benefits, such as antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotection effects.
    Fisetin (Standard)
  • HY-D0187R
    L-Glutathione reduced (Standard)
    L-Glutathione reduced (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutathione reduced. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutathione reduced (GSH; γ-L-Glutamyl-L-cysteinyl-glycine) is an endogenous antioxidant and is capable of scavenging oxygen-derived free radicals.
    L-Glutathione reduced (Standard)
  • HY-B0015R
    Paclitaxel (Standard)
    Paclitaxel (Standard) is the analytical standard of Paclitaxel. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy.
    Paclitaxel (Standard)
  • HY-14608R
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard)
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Glutamic acid. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Glutamic acid is an excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter that acts as an agonist for all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabolic rhodophylline, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid has an agonist effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic nerve endings. L-Glutamic acid can be used in the study of neurological diseases. IC50 & Target:DA. In Vitro: L-Glutamic acid (120, 500, 750, 1000 mg/dL) can reduce the harmful effect of lithium on the embryonic development of Xenopus Xenopus.
    L-Glutamic acid (2, 5, 10, 20 mM, 24-48 h) can induce neuroexcitotoxicity in neuroblastoma.
    In Vivo: L-Glutamic acid (3 g/kg, subcutaneous injection) can promote excitotoxic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells in mice.
    L-Glutamic acid (750 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) can reduce and inhibit oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats.
    L-Glutamic acid (Standard)
  • HY-B2176R
    ATP (Standard)
    ATP (Standard) is the analytical standard of ATP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. In Vitro: ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs.
    ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner.
    ATP promotes neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.
    In Vivo: ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p.) protects mice against bacterial infection in vivo.
    ATP induces the secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 and neutrophils recruitment in vivo.
    ATP (Standard)
  • HY-101952R
    Prostaglandin E2 (Standard)
    Prostaglandin E2 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Prostaglandin E2. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a hormone-like substance that participate in a wide range of body functions such as the contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle, the dilation and constriction of blood vessels, control of blood pressure, and modulation of inflammation.
    Prostaglandin E2 (Standard)
  • HY-13683R
    Mifepristone (Standard)
    		98.49%
    Mifepristone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mifepristone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mifepristone (RU486) is a progesterone receptor (PR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist with IC50s of 0.2 nM and 2.6 nM in in vitro assay.
    Mifepristone (Standard)
  • HY-14648R
    Dexamethasone (Standard)
    Dexamethasone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dexamethasone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dexamethasone (Hexadecadrol) is a glucocorticoid receptor agonist. Dexamethasone also significantly decreases CD11b, CD18, and CD62L expression on neutrophils, and CD11b and CD18 expression on monocytes. Dexamethasone is highly effective in the control of COVID-19 infection. Dexamethasone inhibits production of exosomes containing inflammatory microRNA-155 in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage inflammatory responses.
    Dexamethasone (Standard)
  • HY-B0234R
    Estrone (Standard)
    		99.88%
    Estrone (Standard) is the analytical standard of Estrone. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Estrone (E1) is a natural estrogenic hormone. Estrone is the main representative of the endogenous estrogens and is produced by several tissues, especially adipose tissue. Estrone is the result of the process of aromatization of androstenedione that occurs in fat cells.
    Estrone (Standard)
  • HY-104026R
    L-Kynurenine (Standard)
    L-Kynurenine (Standard) is the analytical standard of L-Kynurenine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. L-Kynurenine is a metabolite of the amino acid L-tryptophan. L-Kynurenine is an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist.
    L-Kynurenine (Standard)
  • HY-17589R
    Chloroquine phosphate (Standard)
    		99.67%
    Chloroquine (phosphate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Chloroquine (phosphate). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Chloroquine phosphate is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent widely used to treat malaria and rheumatoid arthritis. Chloroquine phosphate is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. Chloroquine phosphate is highly effective in the control of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection in vitro (EC50=1.13 μM).
    Chloroquine phosphate (Standard)