2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

Mitochondrial Metabolism

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Mitochondria use multiple carbon fuels to produce ATP and metabolites, including pyruvate, which is generated from glycolysis; amino acids such as glutamine; and fatty acids. These carbon fuels feed into the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix to generate the reducing equivalents NADH and FADH2, which deliver their electrons to the electron transport chain. Mitochondria are complex organelles that play an important role in many facets of cellular function, from metabolism to immune regulation and cell death. Mitochondria are actively involved in a wide variety of cellular processes and molecular interactions, such as calcium buffering, lipid flux, and intracellular signaling. It is increasingly recognized that mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of many diseases such as obesity/diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key determinant of tumor progression by impacting on functions such as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mitochondrial metabolism and derived oncometabolites shape the epigenetic landscape to alter aggressiveness features of cancer cells. Changes in mitochondrial metabolism are relevant for the survival of tumors in response to therapy.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-112860
    Asp-AMS
    		Inhibitor 98.41%
    Asp-AMS, an analogue of aspartyl-adenylate, is an aspartyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitor and also a strong competitive inhibitor of the mitochondrial enzyme.
    Asp-AMS
  • HY-122984
    Diquat dibromide
    		Inducer 99.86%
    Diquat dibromide is a comprehensive herbicide. Diquat dibromide increases the production of ROS and triggers mitochondrial Autophagy. Diquat dibromide generates free radicals such as superoxide anions through redox cycles, which induce oxidative stress. Diquat dibromide is cytotoxic, reproductive, and neurotoxic. Diquat dibromide is used in cotton, soybean, and other crops to combat noxious weeds.
    Diquat dibromide
  • HY-W006957
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is a purine nucleoside analog. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine inhibits NF-κB/Smad signaling pathway, exhibits anti-hyperglycemia, antioxidant, antitumor and anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities. N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine is orally active.
    N6-(2-Hydroxyethyl)adenosine
  • HY-W012572
    D-Histidine
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    D-Histidine is an anti-biofilm agent that targets bacterial quorum sensing systems (such as RhlI/RhlR pathway) and has antibacterial activity. D-Histidine works by non-covalently binding to bacterial regulatory factors or copper ion complexes, selectively inhibiting bacterial biofilm formation and motility. D-Histidine downregulates quorum sensing-related gene expression, reduces the synthesis of virulence factors (such as alginate and proteases), and interferes with bacterial membrane stability, inhibiting biofilm formation, promoting the disintegration of mature biofilms, and enhancing antibiotic sensitivity. D-Histidine is also an efficient catalyst for the salt-induced peptide formation (SIPF) reaction, which promotes the condensation of amino acids to form dipeptides (such as dialanine and dilysine) by forming a complex with copper ions (Cu2+).
    D-Histidine
  • HY-14796
    Olesoxime
    		Inhibitor 99.09%
    Olesoxime (TRO 19622) is a mitochondrial-targeted neuroprotective compound with mean EC50 value for increasing cell survival is 3.2±0.2 μM.
    Olesoxime
  • HY-145707
    BAY-179
    		Inhibitor 99.83%
    BAY-179, a chemical probe, is a potent, selective, and species cross-reactive complex I inhibitor. BAY-179 shows IC50 values of 79 nM, 38 nM, 27 nM, and 47 nM for human, mouse, rat, and dog complex I, respectively.
    BAY-179
  • HY-119687
    Bifenazate
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Bifenazate is a carbazate acaricide that control 100% of mites at a concentration of 25 ppm. Bifenazate is a positive allosteric modulator of GABA receptor. Bifenazate is the inhibitor for the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex III.
    Bifenazate
  • HY-123985
    MFN2 agonist-1
    		Activator 99.28%
    MFN2 agonist-1 (B-A/l) potently stimulates mitochondrial fusion in mitofusin 2 (MFN2)-deficient cells. MFN2 agonist-1 reverses mitochondrial “clumping” (formation of static mitochondrial aggregates) and restores mitochondrial motility in cultured mouse neurons expressing the CMT2A mutant MFN2 T105M.
    MFN2 agonist-1
  • HY-B2082
    Fursultiamine
    		99.92%
    Fursultiamine is a vitamin B1 derivative, has anti-nociceptive and antineoplastic activity. Fursultiamine can be used for vitamin B1?deficiency, osteoarthritis (OA) and cancer research.
    Fursultiamine
  • HY-34740
    Ethylmalonic acid
    		Inhibitor 98.0%
    Ethylmalonic acid is a short-chain organic dicarboxylic acid. Ethylmalonic acid synergistically induces mitochondrial permeability transition (MP) with Ca2+, inhibits Mi-CK, and disrupts mitochondrial energy metabolism. Ethylmalonic acid can be used in the research of SCADD, EE and other genetic metabolic diseases characterized by EMA accumulation.
    Ethylmalonic acid
  • HY-149677
    ZK53
    		98.94%
    ZK53 is a selective activator of mitochondrial caseinolytic protease P (HsClpP) (EC50: 1.37?μM for α-casein hydrolysis by HsClpP). ZK53 is is inactive toward bacterial ClpP proteins. ZK53 induces apoptosis in H1703, H520 and SK-MES-1 cells. ZK53 induces dysregulation of mitochondrial functions in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) cells. ZK53 inhibits tumor growth in H1703 xenograft mouse model.
    ZK53
  • HY-B1836A
    Meldonium dihydrate
    		Activator 99.0%
    Meldonium (MET-88) dihydrate functions as a cardioprotective agent by cpmpetetively inhibiting γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) and carnitine/organic cation transporter type 2 (OCTN2). Mildronate dihydrate exhibits IC50 values of 34-62 μM for human recombinant BBOX and an EC50 of 21 μM for human OCTN2. Meldonium dihydrate is a fatty acid oxidation inhibitor.
    Meldonium dihydrate
  • HY-139577
    Ninerafaxstat
    		99.14%
    Ninerafaxstat (IMB-1018972) is a novel orally active cardiac mitochondrial drug that restores myocardial energy homeostasis. Ninerafaxstat competitively inhibits 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase (3-KAT) to partially suppress fatty acid oxidation, and shifts cardiac energy metabolism from free fatty acid oxidation to glucose oxidation, regulating myocardial substrate utilization and thereby improving cardiac efficiency. Ninerafaxstat can be used for research on cardiovascular diseases.
    Ninerafaxstat
  • HY-158421
    MS-L6
    		99.95%
    MS-L6 is a potent inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) that can acts as electron transport chain complexes I (ETC-I) combining inhibition of NADH oxidation and uncoupling effect.
    MS-L6
  • HY-N0346A
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate
    		Inhibitor 99.53%
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate is a natural product found in Kaempferia galangal with anti-inflammatory, anti-neoplastic and anti-microbial effects. (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate inhibits COX-1 and COX-2 in vitro with IC50s of 1.12 and 0.83 μM, respectively.
    (E)-Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate
  • HY-113884B
    (S)-Coriolic acid
    		Activator 99.0%
    (S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury.
    (S)-Coriolic acid
  • HY-Y0624
    4-Pentenoic acid
    		99.93%
    4-Pentenoic acid is a medium-chain unsaturated fatty acid. 4-Pentenoic acid has hypoglycemic and fatty acid oxidation inhibitory activities. 4-Pentenoic acid can affect blood glucose metabolism and energy metabolism through mechanisms such as inhibiting long-chain fatty acid oxidation, reducing gluconeogenesis, and promoting glucose utilization.
    4-Pentenoic acid
  • HY-W128525
    Menadiol
    Menadiol (Dihydrovitamin K3), a menaquinol analogue, is an electron donor for reversed oxidative phosphorylation in submitochondrial particles.
    Menadiol
  • HY-12281
    FPH2
    		Modulator 99.29%
    FPH2 induces of functional proliferation of primary human hepatocytes and may lead to the development of new therapeutics for liver diseases.
    FPH2
  • HY-Y0537B
    Potassium chloride, for molecular biology
    		Inhibitor 99.50%
    Potassium chloride, for molecular biology is potassium chloride that can be used in molecular biology. Potassium chloride, for molecular biology affects the stability of biological membranes by disrupting the electrostatic interactions between proteins and lipids. Potassium chloride, for molecular biology affects the solubility of myofibrillar proteins and the integrity of mitochondria. Potassium chloride, for molecular biology is commonly used in homogenization buffers and protein extraction procedures.
    Potassium chloride, for molecular biology
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity