2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Cell Cycle/DNA Damage
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor
  4. PPAR

PPAR

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PPAR

Related Products

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PPARs (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors) are ligand-activated transcription factors of nuclear hormone receptor superfamily comprising of the following three subtypes: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ. PPARs play essential roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), and tumorigenesis of higher organisms. All PPARs heterodimerize with the retinoid X receptor (RXR) and bind to specific regions on the DNA of target genes. Activation of PPAR-α reduces triglyceride level and is involved in regulation of energy homeostasis. Activation of PPAR-γ enhances glucose metabolism, whereas activation of PPAR-β/δ enhances fatty acids metabolism.

PPAR Isoform Specific Products:

PPAR Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-113884B
    (S)-Coriolic acid
    		Activator 99.0%
    (S)-Coriolic acid (13(S)-HODE), the product of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX) metabolism of linoleic acid, functions as the endogenous ligand to activate PPARγ. (S)-Coriolic acid is an important intracellular signal agent and is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation in various biological systems. (S)-Coriolic acid induces mitochondrial dysfunction and airway epithelial injury.
    (S)-Coriolic acid
  • HY-134377
    Bocidelpar
    		Modulator 98.08%
    Bocidelpar (ASP0367; MA-0211) is a selective, orally active PPARδ modulator. Bocidelpar activates the PPARδ downstream signaling pathway, upregulates the expression of target genes such as ABCA1 and ACAA2. Bocidelpar then promotes fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and mitochondrial biogenesis, and improves mitochondrial dysfunction. Bocidelpar can improve mitochondrial biogenesis and function in muscle cells. Bocidelpar is mainly used in the study of mitochondrial dysfunction diseases such as primary mitochondrial myopathy (PMM) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
    Bocidelpar
  • HY-112322
    Carbacyclin
    		Agonist 98.00%
    Carbacyclin is a PGI2 analogue, acts as a prostacyclin (PGI2) receptor agonist and vasodilator, and potently inhibits platelet aggregation.
    Carbacyclin
  • HY-120160
    Darglitazone
    		Agonist 99.19%
    Darglitazone (CP-86325), a thiazolidinedione, is a potent, selective, and orally active PPAR-γ agonist. Darglitazone is effective in controlling blood glucose and lipid metabolism, and can be used for type II diabetes research.
    Darglitazone
  • HY-W440983
    SDPC
    		Activator ≥98.0%
    SDPC (DHA-PC) is a new generation of omega-3 lipids, which contains an ester bond linking DHA at the sn-2 position of phospholipid. 1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glyerco-3-phosphocholine exerts anti-angiogenesis effect through activating PPARγ. 1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glyerco-3-phosphocholine significantly declines the proliferation, migration, tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glyerco-3-phosphocholine has the potential for anti-tumor angiogenesis research.
    SDPC
  • HY-U00450
    4-O-Methyl honokiol
    		Agonist 98.18%
    4-O-Methyl honokiol is a natural neolignan isolated from Magnolia officinalis, acts as a PPARγ agonist, and inhibtis NF-κB activity, used for cancer and inflammation research.
    4-O-Methyl honokiol
  • HY-N1426
    Raspberry ketone
    		Agonist 99.95%
    Raspberry ketone is a major aromatic compound of red raspberry, widely used as a fragrance in cosmetics and as a flavoring agent in foodstuff; also shows PPAR-α agonistic activity.
    Raspberry ketone
  • HY-111616
    GSK1820795A
    		Inhibitor 99.80%
    GSK1820795A, as a telmisartan analog, is a selective hGPR132a antagonist. GSK1820795A blocks activation of yeast cells expressing hGPR132a by N-acylamides. GSK1820795A is also a angiotensin II antagonists and partial PPARγ agonists (compound 38).
    GSK1820795A
  • HY-19383
    Ertiprotafib
    		Agonist 98.13%
    Ertiprotafib is an inhibitor of PTP1B, IkB kinase β (IKK-β), and a dual PPARα and PPARβ agonist, with an IC50 of 1.6 μM for PTP1B, 400 nM for IKK-β, an EC50 of ~1 μM for PPARα/PPARβ.
    Ertiprotafib
  • HY-14649S4
    Retinoic acid-d5
    		Agonist 98.25%
    Retinoic acid-d5 is the the deuterium labeled Retinoic acid (HY-14649). Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A that plays important roles in cell growth, differentiation, and organogenesis. Retinoic acid is a natural agonist of RAR nuclear receptors, with IC50s of 14 nM for RARα/β/γ. Retinoic acid bind to PPARβ/δ with Kd of 17 nM. Retinoic acid acts as an inhibitor of transcription factor Nrf2 through activation of retinoic acid receptor alpha.
    Retinoic acid-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-19937A
    Saroglitazar magnesium
    		Agonist 98.85%
    Saroglitazar magnesium is a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist with predominant PPARα and moderate PPARγ activity with EC50 values of 0.65 pM and 3 nM in HepG2 cells, respectively.
    Saroglitazar magnesium
  • HY-108022A
    Azemiglitazone potassium
    		Modulator 99.53%
    Azemiglitazone potassium (MSDC-0602K), a PPARγ-sparing thiazolidinedione (Ps-TZD), binds to PPARγ with the IC50 of 18.25 μM. Azemiglitazone potassium modulates the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC). Azemiglitazone potassium can be used for the research of fatty liver including dysfunctional lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Azemiglitazone potassium, an insulin sensitizer, improves insulinemia and fatty liver disease in mice, alone and in combination with Liraglutide.
    Azemiglitazone potassium
  • HY-117103
    AMG131
    		Agonist 98.99%
    AMG131 (INT131) is a potent non-thiazolidinedione (TZD) selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ modulator (SPPARM). AMG131 binds to PPARγ within the same binding pocket as the TZDs, but occupies a unique space in the pocket and contacts the receptor at distinct points from the TZDs. AMG131 is promising for research of type-2 diabetes mellitus.
    AMG131
  • HY-117727A
    Leriglitazone hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.64%
    Leriglitazone (MIN-102; Hydroxypioglitazone) hydrochloride is an orally active and a BBB-penetrable PPARγ agonist with an EC50 of 9 μM. Leriglitazone hydrochloride, as a regulator of mitochondrial function, has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Leriglitazone hydrochloride can be used in the study of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases.
    Leriglitazone hydrochloride
  • HY-N6641
    Monascin
    		Agonist 99.79%
    Monascin is a kind of azaphilonoid pigments extracted from Monascus pilosus-fermented rice (red-mold rice). Monascin also exhibits anti-tumor-initiating activity and anti-inflammatory activity with oral administration. Monascin inhibits the activation of NOR 1 (an NO donor). Monascin is a Nrf2 activator and PPARγ agonist.
    Monascin
  • HY-112247
    SR 16832
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    SR 16832 is a dual site covalent PPARγ inhibitor that acts at orthosteric and allosteric sites.
    SR 16832
  • HY-N0019S
    Daidzein-d4
    		Activator 98.93%
    Daidzein-d4 is the deuterium labeled Daidzein. Daidzein is a soy isoflavone, which acts as a PPAR activator.
    Daidzein-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-N7005
    Clitorin
    		Activator 99.45%
    Clitorin is an orally active flavonoid compound that can be isolated from Carica papaya. Clitorin is an inhibitor of EGFR (IC50: 89.58 nM) and aromatase (IC50: 77.41 nM). Clitorin has antioxidant and anti-tumor activities. In the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays, Clitorin has IC50 values of 91.96 ppm and 250.45 ppm, respectively. In addition, Clitorin can regulate lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation and can be used in the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
    Clitorin
  • HY-116538
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
    		Activator 99.10%
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid (trans-10,cis-12 CLA2) is an orally active PPARα activator and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and its downstream metabolites have various antioxidant and antitumor activities. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which would lead to decreased adipogenesis and insulin resistance in adipose tissue. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can affect many aspects of milk fat synthesis. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid reduces expression of lipogenic enzymes and inhibits the desaturation of fatty acids. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid can reduce lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity in cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes and enhance triacylglycerol release from these cells. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid decreases the expression of hepatic stearoyl-CoA desatyrase mRNA in mice. (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid is associated with changes in mucosal NF-κB and Cyclin D1 protein levels in mice.
    (10E,12Z)-Octadeca-10,12-dienoic acid
  • HY-B2122
    Maltitol
    		Activator 98.0%
    Maltitol is an orally active polyol and sugar alcohol sweetener produced by the hydrogenation of maltose. Maltitol can replace sucrose and has characteristics of having a minor impact on blood sugar and potential prebiotic effects.
    Maltitol
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
PPAR Isoform Comparison

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