NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1250)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Controls (4) Ligand (1) Inhibitors (1045) Agonists (6) Degraders (2) Activators (65) Modulators (21) Inducers (3)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-N0141R

Parthenolide (Standard)	Inhibitor
Parthenolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Parthenolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone found in the medicinal herb Feverfew. Parthenolide exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB activation; also inhibits HDAC1 protein without affecting other class I/II HDACs.

HY-N11892

7-O-Methylaloesinol	Inhibitor
7-O-Methylaloesinol is a chromone derivative. 7-O-Methylaloesinol shows significant inhibitory effects against TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC₅₀ value of 29.07 μM.

HY-149838

NF-κB-IN-9	Inhibitor
NF-κB-IN-9 is a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) targeting sonosensitizer (λex/λem=489/628 nm). NF-κB-IN-9 exhibits strong inhibition on NF-κB signaling due to its two resveratrol units in one molecule. NF-κB-IN-9 has anti-tumor activity and shows remarkable sonocytotoxicity against cancer cells. NF-κB-IN-9 has biosafety in eenograft mice model.

HY-114335

Triphala	Inhibitor
Triphala, an Ayurvedic polyherbal formulation comprising of equiproportional fruit parts of Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellerica, and Phyllanthus emblica. Triphala inhibits NF-κB activation. Triphala exerts antifungal action. Anti-adipogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-neoplastic activities.

HY-162538

LC-MI-3	Inhibitor
LC-MI-3 is an orally active and potent interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) PROTAC degrader, with a DC₅₀ of 47.3 nM. LC-MI-3 effectively inhibits the activation of downstream NF-κB signaling. LC-MI-3 can be used for the research of acute and chronic inflammatory skin. (Blue: VHL ligand, Black: linker, Pink: CRBN ligand (HY-14658)).

HY-P991432

VTX-0811	Activator
VTX-0811 is a human IgG4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) targeting PSGL1/CD162. VTX-0811 up-regulates TNF-α/NF-κB and chemokine-mediated signaling and down-regulates oxidative phosphorylation, fatty acid metabolism, and Myc signaling pathways. VTX-0811 increases the proportion of CD8+ T cells among infiltrating T cells. VTX-0811 has antitumor activity in a humanized mouse PDX model of melanoma.

HY-125740R

Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (Standard)	Inhibitor
Malvidin-3-glucoside (Malvidin-3-O-glucoside; Oenin) chloride (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride (HY-125740). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride is an orally active inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which blocks inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α, reduces IκB-α degradation and p65 nuclear translocation, and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase eNOS to increase NO production. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory molecules such as MCP-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6, and regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, while protecting endothelial cells and improving intestinal microecological dysbiosis under inflammatory conditions. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride can be used to study chronic inflammatory-related diseases such as atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, and has the potential to prevent vascular inflammation and improve intestinal health.

HY-32735R

Triptolide (Standard)	Inhibitor
Triptolide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Triptolide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antitumour effects. Triptolide is a NF-κB activation inhibitor.

HY-B0765R

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium (Standard)	Inhibitor
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) sodium salt (Standard) is the analytical standard of Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate sodium salt (HY-B0765). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA sulfate; Prasterone sulfate) is a neurosteroid and the main secretion product of the adrenal gland. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate has both non-competitive antagonist activity of GABA_A receptor and agonist activity of σ₁ receptor. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate can partially penetrate the blood-brain barrier, inhibit GABA_A receptor-mediated chloride influx, enhance NMDA receptor activity through σ₁ receptors, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-glucocorticoid and antidepressant effects, and increase convulsive sensitivity. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate participates in neuroprotection, neurite growth regulation and catecholamine secretion regulation, and can be used in the study of depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), Alzheimer's disease, etc. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate may also be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease mortality, and its concentration is independently and negatively correlated with mortality.

HY-N0316R

Mollugin (Standard)	Inhibitor
Mollugin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Mollugin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Mollugin is an orally active and potent NF-κB inhibitor. Mollugin induces S-phase arrest of HepG2 cells, and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Mollugin induces DNA damage in HepG2 cells, as well as an increase in the expression of p-H2AX. Mollugin shows anti-cancer effect by inhibiting TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation. Mollugin enhances the osteogenic action of BMP-2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2) via the p38-Smad signaling pathway.

HY-152945

Antiproliferative agent-22	Inhibitor
Antiproliferative agent-22 (compound 2) is an anticancer agent. Antiproliferative agent-22 shoes anti-proliferative activities against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 cells with IC₅₀ values of 6.2 μM, 3.3 μM and 3.3 μM, respectively.

HY-W701772

2-Oleoylglycerol-d₅
2-Oleoylglycerol-d₅ (2-OG-d₅) is the deuterium labeled 2-Oleoylglycerol (HY-W011121). 2-Oleoylglycerol (2-OG) is a lipid found in the diet. It is a GPR119 agonist, with an EC₅₀ value of 2.5 μM in activating hGPR119 in transiently transfected COS-7 cells. 2-Oleoylglycerol enhances the inflammatory response of macrophages and promotes fibrosis by activating the GPR119/TAK1/NF-κB/TGF-β1 signaling pathway. It also stimulates glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secretion in vivo. 2-Oleoylglycerol is expected to be used in the research of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) .

HY-N6602R

α-Solanine (Standard)	Inhibitor
α-Solanine (Standard) is the analytical standard of α-Solanine. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. α-solanine, a bioactive component and one of the major steroidal glycoalkaloids in Solanum nigrum, has been observed to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells.

HY-142100

Licoagrochalcone C	Inhibitor
Licoagrochalcone C, a flavonoid, reveals efficacious inhibitory activity on NF-κB transcription. Licoagrochalcone C shows significant inhibitory activity on LPS (HY-D1056)-induced NO production.

HY-N0045R

Ginsenoside Rg1 (Standard)	Inhibitor
Ginsenoside Rg1 (Standard) is the analytical standard of Ginsenoside Rg1. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Ginsenoside Rg1 is one of the major active components of Panax ginseng. Ginsenoside Rg1 ameliorates the impaired cognitive function, displays promising effects by reducing cerebral Aβ levels. Ginsenoside Rg1 also reduces NF-κB nuclear translocation.

HY-N2098R

Obtusifolin (Standard)	Inhibitor
Obtusifolin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Obtusifolin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Obtusifolin, isolated from the seeds of Cassia obtusifolia, regulates the gene expression and production of MUC5AC mucin in airway epithelial cells via inhibiting NF-kB pathway. Obtusifolin suppresses phthalate esters-induced breast cancer bone metastasis by targeting parathyroid hormone-related protein.

HY-120269

CAY10512	Inhibitor
CAY10512 is an inhibitor of NF-κB. CAY10512 can suppress the upregulation of NF-κB-sensitive proinflammatory miRNAs (miRNA-9, miRNA-125b, miRNA-146a, miRNA-155) in cerebrospinal fluid and extracellular fluid, and can be used for research on Alzheimer's disease.

HY-D0162R

Malachite green hemioxalate (Standard)	Inhibitor
Malachite green hemioxalate (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malachite green hemioxalate (HY-D0162). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malachite green hemioxalate is a triphenylmethane dye which can be used to detect the release of phosphate in enzymatic reactions. Malachite green hemioxalate has antimicrobial activity, which is attributed to inhibition of intracellular enzymes, intercalation into DNA, and/or interaction with cellular membranes. Malachite green hemioxalate is also a potent and selective inhibitor of IKBKE, and inhibits its downstream targets such as IκBα, p65 and IRF3. Malachite green hemioxalate exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo.

HY-W654377

Triptolide-d₃(major) (>90%)
Triptolide-d₃ (major) (>90%) is the deuterium labeled Triptolide (HY-32735). Triptolide is a diterpenoid triepoxide extracted from the root of Tripterygium wilfordii with immunosuppressive, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antitumour effects. Triptolide is a NF-κB activation inhibitor.

HY-124557

Mahanimbine	Inhibitor
Mahanimbine is an orally active alkaloid from Murraya koenigii. Mahanimbine inhibits progression of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic complications in mice.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1250)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1250):