2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B0228S1
    Adenosine-13C5
    		99.9%
    Adenosine-13C5 is the 13C labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiology, including neuronal activity, vascular function, platelet aggregation, and blood cell regulation.
    Adenosine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B0987
    Ascorbyl palmitate
    		99.62%
    Ascorbyl palmitate is an orally active ester formed from ascorbic acid and palmitic acid, used as an antioxidant and food additive. Ascorbyl palmitate in preventing fat and oil oxidation is more efficient than Butylated hydroxyanisole (HY-B1066) and Butylated hydroxytoluene (HY-Y0172). Ascorbyl palmitate mitigates inhibition of collagen synthesis by select calcium and sodium channel blockers. Ascorbyl palmitate induces Apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Ascorbyl palmitate ameliorates inflammatory diseases by inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome.
    Ascorbyl palmitate
  • HY-17583
    Griseofulvin
    		98.93%
    Griseofulvin is an orally active antifungal antibiotic with antitumor activity. Griseofulvin induces apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle arrest in cancer cells. Griseofulvin also has cardiovascular modulatory activity, reducing angina pectoris, relieving hand artery spasm associated with onychomycosis, and peripheral vascular diseases such as shoulder-hand syndrome.
    Griseofulvin
  • HY-134426
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium
    		98.00%
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium is an intermediate in the fermentation of butyric acid and the metabolism of lysine and tryptophan, and is produced from β-hydroxybutyric acid by short-chain-CoA synthase.
    DL-β-Hydroxybutyryl coenzyme A lithium
  • HY-B0275
    Oxytetracycline
    		99.05%
    Oxytetracycline is an antibiotic belonging to the tetracycline class. Oxytetracycline potent inhibits Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Oxytetracycline is a protein synthesis inhibitor and prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity.
    Oxytetracycline
  • HY-W017018
    L-Ornithine hydrochloride
    		99.91%
    L-Ornithine hydrochloride is a non-proteinogenic amino acid, is mainly used in urea cycle removing excess nitrogen in vivo. L-Ornithine hydrochloride shows nephroprotective.
    L-Ornithine hydrochloride
  • HY-N0738
    Stachydrine hydrochloride
    		≥98.0%
    Stachydrine hydrochloride is the major active constituent of Leonurus artemisia, which is a potential therapy for cardiovascular diseases. Stachydrine can inhibit the NF-κB signal pathway. Anti-hypertrophic activities.
    Stachydrine hydrochloride
  • HY-114041
    Resolvin E1
    		≥98.0%
    Resolvin E1 (RvE1), a potent endogenous pro-resolving mediator of inflammation, is derived from omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Resolvin E1 is endogenously biosynthesized from EPA in the presence of Aspirin during the spontaneous resolution phase of acute inflammation, where specific cell-cell interactions occur. Resolvin E1 possesses unique counterregulatory actions that inhibit polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) transendothelial migration. Resolvin E1 also acts as a potent inhibitor of leukocyte infiltration, dendritic cell migration, and IL-12 production.
    Resolvin E1
  • HY-101409
    O-Acetylserine
    		98.0%
    O-Acetylserine (O-Acetyl-L-serine) is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of the amino acid cysteine in bacteria and plants.
    O-Acetylserine
  • HY-107855
    DL-Mevalonolactone
    		99.15%
    DL-Mevalonolactone ((±)-Mevalonolactone;Mevalolactone) is the δ-lactone form of mevalonic acid, a precursor in the mevalonate pathway. DL-Mevalonolactone is orally active against HMGCR mutation and statin caused myopathy. DL-Mevalonolactone induces inflammation and oxidative stress response with decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induces mitochondrial swelling[2][4].
    DL-Mevalonolactone
  • HY-P2988
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism (Exo-α-sialidase) is an exosialidase, is often used in biochemical studies. Neuraminidase cleaves α-ketosidic linkage between the sialic (N-acetylneuraminic) acid and an adjacent sugar residue. Neuraminidase, derived from mucosal pathogens, is a virulence factor that modifies the host's response to infection.
    Neuraminidase, Microorganism
  • HY-E70097
    Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9)
    Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9) is a broadly specific sialidase that cuts linear and branched non-reducing terminal sialic acid residues from glycoproteins, glycopeptides, and oligosaccharides. Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9) can be used for in vitro and in vivo polysaccharide analysis and characterization as well as complete glycoprotein remodeling.
    Sialidase (α2-3-6-8-9)
  • HY-N7057
    Nonanoic acid
    		98.83%
    Nonanoic acid is a naturally-occurring saturated fatty acid with nine carbon atoms. Nonanoic acid significantly reduces bacterial translocation, enhances antibacterial activity, and remarkably increases the secretion of porcine β-defensins 1 (pBD-1) and pBD-2.
    Nonanoic acid
  • HY-Y0061
    Oxindole
    		99.59%
    Oxindole (Indolin-2-one) is an aromatic heterocyclic building block. 2-indolinone derivatives have become lead compounds in the research of kinase inhibitors.
    Oxindole
  • HY-113320
    Etiocholanolone
    		99.35%
    Etiocholanolone (5β-Androsterone) is the excreted metabolite of testosterone and has anticonvulsant activity. Etiocholanolone is a less potent neurosteroid positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the GABAA receptor than its enantiomer form.
    Etiocholanolone
  • HY-W050044
    L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
    		99.85%
    L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid is a proline analog. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid upregulates the lipid autophagy marker LC3-II via activation of the PERK pathway. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid increases pro-apoptotic BAX protein. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid induces ATF6 cleavage and upregulates phosphorylated eIF2α levels. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid induces ER stress, inducing protein misfolding and aggregation. L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid shows teratogenic, pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic effects.
    L-Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid
  • HY-W001083
    3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
    		99.03%
    3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is an orally active flavonoid metabolite produced by intestinal flora, with blood pressure-lowering activity. 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can also inhibit ferroptosis by upregulating the expression of GPX4, thereby improving spermatogenic dysfunction in aged mice. In addition, abnormal levels of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid are closely related to certain diseases, such as autism spectrum disorders.
    3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
  • HY-Y0569
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water)
    		≥98.0%
    D-Gluconic acid is the carboxylic acid by the oxidation with antiseptic and chelating properties.
    D-Gluconic acid (solution) (51.205% in water)
  • HY-W013636S
    2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C5
    		99.1%
    2-Ketoglutaric acid-13C5 (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid-13C5) is a 13C labeled 2-Ketoglutaric acid (HY-W013636). 2-Ketoglutaric acid (Alpha-Ketoglutaric acid) is an intermediate in the production of ATP or GTP in the Krebs cycle. 2-Ketoglutaric acid also acts as the major carbon skeleton for nitrogen-assimilatory reactions. 2-Ketoglutaric acid is a reversible inhibitor of tyrosinase (IC50=15 mM).
    2-Ketoglutaric acid-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-B0157A
    Ketotifen fumarate
    		99.88%
    Ketotifen (HC 20-511) fumarate is an orally active second-generation noncompetitive histamine 1 (H1) receptor blocker and mast cell stabilizer. Ketotifen fumarate can block 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) in vitro. Ketotifen fumarate also has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza virus. Ketotifen fumarate can be used to the research of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and asthma attack prevention.
    Ketotifen fumarate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity