2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

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Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-34431
    Purine
    		99.83%
    Purine is an endogenous metabolite. Purine bases are the building blocks of the nucleic acids. Purine inhibits the activation of PARP. Purine protects against oxidant-induced cell injury. Purine can be used in the research of cancer and nervous system diseases.
    Purine
  • HY-125572
    Gibberellin A7
    Gibberellin A7 (GA7) is a terpenoid that serve as an important plant hormone. Gibberellin A7 acts as a growth and response modulator against injuries and parasitism. Gibberellin A7 presents antibiofilm properties at 940 mM concentration. Gibberellin A7 can inhibit flower bud formation in some plants. Gibberellin A7 shows antioxidant activity against peroxyl radicals. Gibberellin A7 exhibits anti-Candida activity against Candia albicans.
    Gibberellin A7
  • HY-B0504S
    Creatinine-d3
    		99.90%
    Creatinine-d3 is a deuterium labeled Creatinine. Creatinine is a break-down product of creatine phosphate in muscle.
    Creatinine-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N0893
    Tetrahydrocurcumin
    		98.96%
    Tetrahydrocurcumin is a Curcuminoid found in turmeric (Curcuma longa) that is produced by the reduction of Curcumin. Tetrahydrocurcumin inhibit CYP2C9 and CYP3A4.
    Tetrahydrocurcumin
  • HY-N0322S
    Cholesterol-d7
    		98.45%
    Cholesterol-d7 is the deuterium labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals. It is making up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist.
    Cholesterol-d<sub>7</sub>
  • HY-17461A
    Cortisone acetate
    		99.87%
    Cortisone acetate (Cortisone 21-acetate), an oxidized metabolite of Cortisol (a Glucocorticoid). Cortisone acetate acts as an immunosuppressant and anti-inflammatory agent. Cortisone acetate can partially intervene in binding of Glucocorticoid to Glucocorticoid-receptor at high concentrations.
    Cortisone acetate
  • HY-113224
    Desmosterol
    		99.84%
    Desmosterol is a cholesterol-like molecule. In the Bloch pathway of cholesterol biosynthesis, Desmosterol is a direct precursor of cholesterol. As an endogenous metabolite, Desmosterol is used to study cholesterol metabolism . Desmosterol is an LXR activator and SREBP inhibitor, which can suppress macrophage inflammasome activation and prevent vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. A reduction in Desmosterol promotes the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages and pyrin domain-dependent inflammasome activation of NLRP3. Desmosterol holds potential for research in inflammation, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases .
    Desmosterol
  • HY-N1429
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium
    		98.0%
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (12-Deoxycholyltaurine) sodium is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid. Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium induces apoptosis and shows obvious anti-inflammatory and immune regulation properties.
    Taurochenodeoxycholic acid sodium
  • HY-B1610
    Sodium citrate dihydrate
    		98.0%
    Sodium citrate dehydrate (Trisodium citrate dihydrate) is a natural product with oral activity that can be found in citrus fruits. Sodium citrate dehydrate can inhibit the proliferation of tumor cells and induce apoptosis. Sodium citrate dehydrate has antibacterial, anti-tumor and antioxidant activities. Sodium citrate dehydrate can be prepared as a cosolvent or buffer.
    Sodium citrate dihydrate
  • HY-W015495
    L-Dihydroorotic acid
    		99.94%
    L-Dihydroorotic acid is an important intermediate in the metabolism of orotic acid and a substrate of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH). L-Dihydroorotic acid can reversibly hydrolyze to yield the acyclic L-ureidosuccinic acid by dihydrowhey enzyme.
    L-Dihydroorotic acid
  • HY-117275
    Meclofenamic acid
    		99.66%
    Meclofenamic acid (Meclofenamate) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Meclofenamic acid is a highly selective FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) enzyme inhibitor. Meclofenamic acid competes with FTO binding for the m(6)A-containing nucleic acid. Meclofenamic acid is a non-selective gap-junction blocker. Meclofenamic acid inhibits hKv2.1 and hKv1.1, with IC50 values of 56.0 and 155.9 μM, respectively.
    Meclofenamic acid
  • HY-W021448
    Glycocyamine
    		≥98.0%
    Glycocyamine (Guanidinoacetic acid), a precursor of creatine, is a replacement of dietary arginine and could support overall energy homeostasis of the bird.
    Glycocyamine
  • HY-N0138
    Theobromine
    		99.78%
    Theobromine is a methylxanthine found in cacao beans which can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling.
    Theobromine
  • HY-19657
    Oxypurinol
    		99.94%
    Oxipurinol (Oxipurinol), the major active metabolite of Allopurinol, is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase. Oxipurinol can be used to regulate blood urate levels and treat gout.
    Oxypurinol
  • HY-N0216
    Benzoic acid
    		99.94%
    Benzoic acid is an aromatic alcohol existing naturally in many plants and is a common additive to food, drinks, cosmetics and other products. It acts as preservatives through inhibiting both bacteria and fungi.
    Benzoic acid
  • HY-W015240
    N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid
    		≥98.0%
    N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid is a type of glutamic acid that can serve as a component of cell culture media. When combined with media containing inorganic salts, carbohydrates, vitamins, and amino acids, N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid plays roles in promoting cell growth, enhancing antibody production, etc. N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid is also an endogenous metabolite that can be found in the brain. Additionally, as an IgE blocker, N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid can be used in the research of allergic diseases.
    N-Acetyl-L-glutamic acid
  • HY-B2176R
    ATP (Standard)
    ATP (Standard) is the analytical standard of ATP. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation. In Vitro: ATP (5 mM; 1 hour) co-treatment with LPS (1 μg/mL) has a synergistic effect on the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in HGFs.
    ATP (2 mM; 0.5-24 hours) induces secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 from BMDMs in a caspase-1 activation-dependent manner.
    ATP promotes neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro.
    In Vivo: ATP (50 mg/kg; i.p.) protects mice against bacterial infection in vivo.
    ATP induces the secretion of IL-1β, KC and MIP-2 and neutrophils recruitment in vivo.
    ATP (Standard)
  • HY-126573
    Trilaurin
    		98.0%
    Trilaurin could inhibit the formation of neoplasms initiated by dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and promoted by croton oil.
    Trilaurin
  • HY-107469
    Pyridoxal
    		99.61%
    Pyridoxal is a neuroprotectant. Pyridoxal is one of the main forms of vitamin B6. Pyridoxal is phosphorylated by pyridoxal kinase to pyridoxal phosphate (HY-B1744). Pyridoxal is oxidized by the liver to 4-pyridoxic acid (HY-113493) and excreted in the urine. Pyridoxal has shown promise in the study of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
    Pyridoxal
  • HY-B1178
    Cotinine
    		99.52%
    Cotinine ((-)-Cotinine) is an orally active alkaloid found in tobacco and is the primary metabolite of nicotine. Cotinine is metabolized by CYP2A13 into trans-3'-hydroxycotinine. Cotinine is used as a biomarker to measure exposure to tobacco smoke components. Cotinine has vasodepressor activity. The mixture of cotinine and nicotine (Nicotine) has antiproliferative activity against pterygium. (S)-(-)-Cotinine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) in a calcium-dependent manner, leading to the release of dopamine (Dopamine, HY-B0451). Cotinine ((-)-Cotinine) is used in research related to cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.
    Cotinine
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity