2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. COX

COX

Cyclooxygenase

COX

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Cyclooxygenase (COX), officially known as prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), is an enzyme that is responsible for formation of important biological mediators called prostanoids, including prostaglandins, prostacyclin and thromboxane. Pharmacological inhibition of COX can provide relief from the symptoms of inflammation and pain. Drugs, like Aspirin, that inhibit cyclooxygenase activity have been available to the public for about 100 years. Two cyclooxygenase isoforms have been identified and are referred to as COX-1 and COX-2. Under many circumstances the COX-1 enzyme is produced constitutively (i.e., gastric mucosa) whereas COX-2 is inducible (i.e., sites of inflammation). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, exert their effects through inhibition of COX. The main COX inhibitors are the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

COX Isoform Specific Products:

COX Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-16343
    NB-598
    		Inhibitor 98.69%
    NB-598 is a potent and competitive inhibitor of squalene epoxidase (SE), and suppresses triglyceride biosynthesis through the farnesol pathway. NB-598 is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    NB-598
  • HY-59105
    SC-560
    		Inhibitor 99.79%
    SC-560 is a potent and selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 9 nM.
    SC-560
  • HY-N0767
    Isoorientin
    		Inhibitor 98.36%
    Isoorientin is a potent inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 value of 39 μM.
    Isoorientin
  • HY-17009
    Iguratimod
    		Inhibitor 98.49%
    Iguratimod is an antirheumatic agent, acts as an inhibitor of COX-2, with an IC50 of 20 μM (7.7 μg/mL), but shows no effect on COX-1. Iguratimod also inhibits macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) with an IC50 of 6.81 μM.
    Iguratimod
  • HY-N0904
    Ginsenoside C-K
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Ginsenoside C-K, a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2. Ginsenoside C-K exhibits an inhibition against the activity of CYP2C9 and CYP2A6 in human liver microsomes with IC50s of 32.0±3.6 μM and 63.6±4.2 μM, respectively.
    Ginsenoside C-K
  • HY-B0574
    Mefenamic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, acting as a competitive inhibitor of hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, with IC50s of 40 nM and 3 μM for hCOX-1 and hCOX-2, respectively.
    Mefenamic acid
  • HY-B0167A
    Sodium Salicylate
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Sodium Salicylate (Salicylic acid sodium salt) inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity independently of transcription factor (NF-κB) activation. Sodium Salicylate is also a S6K inhibitor.Sodium Salicylate is a NF-κB inhibitor that decreases inflammatory gene expression and improves repair in aged muscle.
    Sodium Salicylate
  • HY-15762
    Valdecoxib
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Valdecoxib is a highly potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2, with IC50s of 5 nM and 140 μM for COX-2 and COX-1, respeceively. Valdecoxib can be used in the research of arthritis and pain.
    Valdecoxib
  • HY-10582
    Flurbiprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Flurbiprofen (dl-Flurbiprofen) is a potent, orally active nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA/NSAID), with antipyretic and analgesic activities. Flurbiprofen is commonly used for the research of inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Flurbiprofen is a non-selective cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor that can be used for the research of colorectal cancer.
    Flurbiprofen
  • HY-N0147
    Rutaecarpine
    		Inhibitor 99.09%
    Rutaecarpine, an alkaloid of Evodia rutaecarpa, is an inhibitor of COX-2 with an IC50 value of 0.28 μM.
    Rutaecarpine
  • HY-113556
    Sappanone A
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    Sappanone A is an orally active homoisoflavone found in sappan L. Sappanone A is a PDE4 and NF-κB inhibitor with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. Sappanone A induces HO-1 expression through activation of Nrf2 pathway. Sappanone A also inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Sappanone A has great potential in the research of inflammation-related and cardiovascular .
    Sappanone A
  • HY-B0253
    Piroxicam
    		Inhibitor 99.78%
    Piroxicam (CP-16171) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, acts as a COX inhibitor, with IC50s of 47, 25 μM for human monocyte COX-1 and COX-2, respectively.
    Piroxicam
  • HY-14397A
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    Indomethacin (Indometacin) sodium hydrateis a potent, orally active COX1/2 inhibitor with IC50 values of 18 nM and 26 nM for COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Indomethacin sodium hydrateis has anticancer activity and anti-infective activity. Indomethacin sodium hydrateis can be used for cancer, inflammation and viral infection research.
    Indomethacin sodium hydrate
  • HY-114360
    Taurohyodeoxycholic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Taurohyodeoxycholic acid is an orally active 6 alpha-hydroxylated bile acid. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid decreases colonic MPO activity, TNF-α, lL-6 serum levels and the expression of COX-2. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid alleviates trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid induced ulcerative colitis via regulating Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells balance. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid ameliorates high-fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid prevents Taurochenodeoxycholic acid (HY-N2027)-induced hepatotoxicity in bile fistula rats. Taurohyodeoxycholic acid can be used for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), colitis and biliary fistula.
    Taurohyodeoxycholic acid
  • HY-78131C
    Ibuprofen sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    Ibuprofen ((±)-Ibuprofen) sodium is an orally active, selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 13 μM. Ibuprofen sodium inhibits cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and induces cell apoptosis. Ibuprofen sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent and a nitric oxide (NO) donor. Ibuprofen sodium can be used in the research of pain, swelling, inflammation, infection, immunology, cancers.
    Ibuprofen sodium
  • HY-B0493
    Niflumic acid
    		Inhibitor 99.61%
    Niflumic acid is a calcium-activated chloride channel blocker and COX-2 inhibitor with the IC50 value of 100 nM. Niflumic acid induces apoptosis through caspase-8/Bid/Bax pathway in lung cancer cells. Niflumic acide exhibits anti-tumor activity by affecting the expression of ERK1/2 and the activity of MMP2 and MMP9. Niflumic acid has orally bioactivity. Niflumic acid acts on rheumatoid arthritis.
    Niflumic acid
  • HY-17372
    Rofecoxib
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Rofecoxib is a potent, specific and orally active COX-2 inhibitor, with IC50s of 26 and 18 nM for human COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells and Chinese hamster ovary cells, with a 1000-fold selectivity for COX-2 over human COX-1 (IC50 > 50 μM in U937 cells and > 15 μM in Chinese hamster ovary cells).
    Rofecoxib
  • HY-N0043
    Ginsenoside Rd
    		Inhibitor 99.88%
    Ginsenoside Rd inhibits TNFα-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity with an IC50 of 12.05±0.82 μM in HepG2 cells. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits expression of COX-2 and iNOS mRNA. Ginsenoside Rd also inhibits Ca2+ influx. Ginsenoside Rd inhibits CYP2D6, CYP1A2, CYP3A4, and CYP2C9, with IC50s of 58.0±4.5 μM, 78.4±5.3 μM, 81.7±2.6 μM, and 85.1±9.1 μM, respectively.
    Ginsenoside Rd
  • HY-N0217
    Benzoylaconine
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Benzoylaconine (Benzoylaconitine) is an orally active monoester alkaloid found in the traditional Chinese medicine Aconitum carmichaelii. Benzoylaconine is an ACE2 agonist (EC50: 1.5 μM) with antihypertensive and anti-heart failure effects. Benzoylaconine inhibits TLR-induced MAPK and NF-κB pathways to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Benzoylaconine upregulates the protein levels of P-gp, MRP2, and has anti-tumor effects.
    Benzoylaconine
  • HY-N1380
    Guaiacol
    		Inhibitor 99.95%
    Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory activity.
    Guaiacol
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
COX Isoform Comparison

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