2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-B1452
    Licofelone
    		Inducer 99.84%
    Licofelone (ML-3000) is a dual COX/5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) inhibitor (IC50=0.21/0.18 μM, respectively) for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Licofelone exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. Licofelone induces apoptosis, and decreases the production of proinflammatory leukotrienes and prostaglandins.
    Licofelone
  • HY-W016145
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium (hydrate)
    		Inducer 98.0%
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate is a nutritional additive and flavoring agent. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate can reduce obesity and induce metabolic disorders associated with oxidative stress. L-Glutamic acid monosodium hydrate induces oxidative stress,DNA damage and apoptosis in the liver and brain tissues of mice.
    L-Glutamic acid monosodium (hydrate)
  • HY-153274A
    CWI1-2 hydrochloride
    		Inducer 98.27%
    CWI1-2 hydrochloride is an IGF2BP2 inhibitor that binds IGF2BP2 and inhibits its interaction with m6A-modified target transcripts, induces apoptosis and differentiation, and shows promising anti-leukemic effects.
    CWI1-2 hydrochloride
  • HY-N0730
    Diosgenin glucoside
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Diosgenin glucoside, a saponin compound extracted from Trillium tschonoskii, provides neuroprotection by regulating microglial M1 polarization. Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis .
    Diosgenin glucoside
  • HY-136420
    SJF-0628
    		Inducer 99.90%
    SJF-0628 is a RAF PROTAC degrader. SJF-0628 induces targeted degradation of BRAF in various cancer cell lines (colorectal cancer cell lines (Colo-205, LS-411N, HT-29, RKO) and triple-negative breast cancer cell line DU-4475). SJF-0628 decreases pMEK and pErk levels in DU-4475 cells. SJF-0628 has anti-tumor activity. SJF-0628 can be used for research of colorectal cancer and triple-negative breast cancer. (Pink: RAF ligand (HY-12057), Blue: VHL Ligand ( HY-125845), Black: Linker (HY-B0912)).
    SJF-0628
  • HY-121250
    Fasnall
    		Inducer 99.94%
    Fasnall is a selective fatty acid synthase (FASN) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.71 μM. Fasnall induces apoptosis in HER2+ breast cancer cell lines. Fasnall shows potent anti-tumor activities.
    Fasnall
  • HY-155360
    MY-1076
    		Inducer 99.32%
    MY-1076 is an inhibitor of YAP. MY-1076 induces YAP degradation and cell apoptosis. MY-1076 inhibits MGC-803, SGC-7901, HCT-116 and KYSE450 cells proliferation with IC50 s of 0.019, 0.017, 0.020 and 0.044 μM, respectively.
    MY-1076
  • HY-138832
    BM-1244
    		Inducer 99.85%
    BM-1244 (APG-1252-M1) is a Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 inhibitor with Kis of 134 nM and 450 nM. BM-1244 has anti-tumor effects by inducing apoptosis and suppressing tumor growth. BM-1244 can induce cytochrome C and Smac release from mitochondria with caspase-3 and PARP cleavage. BM-1244 exhibits synergy with chemotherapy in vivo. BM-1244 can be studied in research for colorectal cancer, acute myeloid leukemia and gastric cancer.
    BM-1244
  • HY-12496
    NS-1619
    		Inducer 98.06%
    NS-1619 is an opener of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel. NS-1619 is a highly effective relaxant with an EC50 of about 10 – 30 μM in several smooth muscles of blood vessels and other tissues. NS1619 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in A2780 ovarian cancer cells.
    NS-1619
  • HY-B0367
    Lornoxicam
    		99.36%
    Lornoxicam (Chlortenoxicam) is an orally active oxycontin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and anticancer activities. Lornoxicam exhibits good inhibitory effects on both COX-1 and COX-2 (COX-1: IC50=0.005 μM; COX-2:IC50=0.008 μM) and inhibits the production of NO by iNOS (IC50=65 μM) and the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 (IC50=54 μM). Lornoxicam also inhibits tumor cell proliferation and migration and induces tumor cell apoptosis. Lornoxicam can be used in the study of inflammatory pain, colorectal cancer and breast cancer.
    Lornoxicam
  • HY-B0849
    Azoxystrobin
    		Inducer 99.03%
    Azoxystrobin is an orally active, broad-spectrum β-methoxyacrylate fungicide. Azoxystrobin inhibits mitochondrial respiration by binding to the Qo site of the cytochrome bc1 complex and inhibiting electron transfer. Azoxystrobin induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces cell apoptosis.
    Azoxystrobin
  • HY-N1231
    Sophoraflavanone G
    		Inducer 99.72%
    Sophoraflavanone G (Kushenol F) is iaolated from Sophora flavescens and shows anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties.? Sophoraflavanone G (Kushenol F) induces MDA-MB-231 and HL-60 cells apoptosis through suppression of MAPK-related pathways.
    Sophoraflavanone G
  • HY-N4114
    Picrocrocin
    		Inducer 99.93%
    Picrocrocin, an apocarotenoid found in Saffron. Picrocrocin shows anticancer effect. Picrocrocin exhibits growth inhibitory effects against SKMEL-2 human malignant melanoma cells.
    Picrocrocin
  • HY-N0941
    beta-Mangostin
    		Inducer 99.84%
    beta-Mangostin (β-Mangostin) is a xanthone compound present in Cratoxylum arborescens, with antibacterial and antimalarial activities. beta-Mangostin exhibits antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with an MIC of 6.25 μg/mL. beta-Mangostin possesses in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 of 3.00 μg/mL. beta-Mangostin has potent anticancer activity against various cancers (such as hepatocellular carcinoma, leukaemic).
    beta-Mangostin
  • HY-N1511
    Ganoderic acid D
    		Inducer 99.40%
    Ganoderic acid D, a highly oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoid, is the major active component of Ganoderma lucidum. Ganoderic acid D upregulates the protein expression of SIRT3 and induces the deacetylated cyclophilin D (CypD) by SIRT3. Ganoderic acid D inhibits the energy reprogramming of colon cancer cells including glucose uptake, lactate production, pyruvate and acetyl-coenzyme production in colon cancer cells. Ganoderic acid D induces HeLa human cervical carcinoma apoptosis.
    Ganoderic acid D
  • HY-N1916
    Coniferyl ferulate
    		Inducer 98.73%
    Coniferyl ferulate is an orally active phenolic acid compound. Coniferyl ferulate is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (IC50 = 0.3 μM), which downregulates P-gp expression, induces apoptosis in B-MD-C1 (ADR+/+) cells, and reverses multidrug resistance. Coniferyl ferulate blocks the NMDAR/NR2B-CaMKII-MAPKs signaling pathway, inhibits ROS production and mitochondrial apoptosis, while reshapes the intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolism, ameliorates colonic inflammation and alleviates depressive symptoms in mice. Coniferyl ferulate can alleviate the toxicity of xylene to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by targeting Mgst2. Coniferyl ferulate exhibits antibacterial activity against the Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus.
    Coniferyl ferulate
  • HY-B0837
    Emamectin Benzoate
    		Inducer 98.83%
    Emamectin Benzoate (MK-244) is an orally active nervoussystem toxicant by binding g-aminobutyric (GABA) receptor in insects. Emamectin Benzoate is one of semi-synthetic derivative of Avermectin (HY-15311) with a broadspectrum of insecticidal and acaricidal activity. Emamectin Benzoate induces ROS-mediated DNA damage and cell apoptosis. Emamectin Benzoate, a mixture of the natural Emamectin B1a benzoate and Emamectin B1b benzoate, has the main component of Emamectin B1a benzoate.
    Emamectin Benzoate
  • HY-70006
    Galeterone
    		Inducer 99.87%
    Galeterone (TOK-001) is a potent, orally active molecular glue degrader, which degrades androgen receptor (AR) and its splice variants (AR-Vs) and MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase Mnk1/2. Galeterone also functions as a CYP17 inhibitor (IC50 = 47 nM). Galeterone induces cell apoptosis. Galeterone inhibits tumor growth in human prostate cancer xenograft mouse models. Galeterone can be used for castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) research[1][2].
    Galeterone
  • HY-109169B
    Bomedemstat hydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.94%
    Bomedemstat (IMG-7289) hydrochloride is an orally active and irreversible lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) inhibitor. Bomedemstat hydrochloride can increase H3K4 and H3K9 methylation, and then alter gene expression. Bomedemstat hydrochloride shows anti-cancer activities, inhibits cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis.
    Bomedemstat hydrochloride
  • HY-105930
    Lobaplatin
    		Inducer 98.0%
    Lobaplatin (D-19466) is a diastereometric mixture of platinum(II) complexe. Lobaplatin arrests cell cycle at G1 and G2/M phase. Lobaplatin induces apoptosis by increasing expressions of caspase and Bax, decreasing expression of Bcl-2. Lobaplatin can be used for research of cancer.
    Lobaplatin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity