2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

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Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-153188
    JNJ-1013
    		Inducer 99.80%
    JNJ-1013 is a potent and selective IRAK1 PROTAC degrader with an IC50s of 72, 443, 1071 nM for IRAK1, IRAK4, VHL FP respectively. JNJ-1013 induces apoptosis and increases the expression of cleavaged PARP. JNJ-1013 decreases the expression IRAK1, p-IKBα, pSTAT3(Tyr705) (Pink: ligand for target protein (HY-138834); black: linker (HY-Y1760); Blue: E3 ligase ligand (HY-112078)).
    JNJ-1013
  • HY-113026
    Delta-Tocopherol
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Delta-Tocopherol is an isomer of Vitamin E.
    Delta-Tocopherol
  • HY-N7108
    7-Hydroxyflavone
    		Inhibitor 99.84%
    7-Hydroxyflavone is a flavonoid isolated from Clerodendrum phlomidis, with anti-inflammatory activity. 7-Hydroxyflavone protects renal cells from nicotine (NIC)-associated cytotoxicity via the ERK/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. 7-Hydroxyflavone inhibits PKM2 with an IC50 of 2.12 μM. 7-Hydroxyflavone inhibits COX-2 and 5-LOX with IC50 of 27 µg/mL and 33 µg/mL. 7-Hydroxyflavone is orally active.
    7-Hydroxyflavone
  • HY-14605
    Rasagiline mesylate
    		Inducer 99.82%
    Rasagiline (R-AGN1135) mesylate is a highly potent selective irreversible mitochondrial monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor with IC50s of 4.43 nM and 412 nM for rat brain MAO B and A activity, respectively. Rasagiline (mesylate) is a click chemistry reagent, it contains an Alkyne group and can undergo copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with molecules containing Azide groups.
    Rasagiline mesylate
  • HY-155956
    GM-90257
    		Inducer 99.90%
    GM-90257 is a microtubule acetylation inhibitor. GM-90257 binds directly to α-tubulin. GM-90257 prevents the recruitment of α-tubulin acetyltransferase 1 (αTAT1) to the K40 residue in α-tubulin. GM-90257 causes Apoptosis, downregulates BCl-2, and activates JNK and PARP. GM-90257 has anticancer activity against breast cancer.
    GM-90257
  • HY-B0119
    Risedronic acid sodium
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Risedronic acid (Risedronate) sodium, a bisphosphonate, is a potent anti-resorption agent that inhibits osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and changes the bone metabolism. Risedronic acid sodium suppresses osteoblast differentiation and induced caspase- and isoprenoid depletion-dependent apoptosis. Risedronic acid sodium inhibits blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 of 20.3 μM). Risedronic acid sodium inhibits the transfer of the farnesyl pyrophosphate group to parasite proteins.
    Risedronic acid sodium
  • HY-N0564
    Notopterol
    		Inducer 99.89%
    Notopterol is a coumarin extracted from N. incisum. Notopterol induces apoptosis and has antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Notopterol is used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
    Notopterol
  • HY-B0788A
    LY2409881 trihydrochloride
    		Inducer 98.33%
    LY2409881 trihydrochloride is a selective IκB kinase β (IKK2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 nM.
    LY2409881 trihydrochloride
  • HY-N1318
    Salvigenin
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Salvigenin is a natural polyphenolic compound, with neuroprotective effect. Salvigenin has antitumor cytotoxic and immunomodulatory properties. Salvigenin inhibits H2O2-induced cell apoptosis.
    Salvigenin
  • HY-N2435
    [8]-Shogaol
    		Inducer 99.93%
    [8]-Shogaol, a kind of stimulating compound in ginger, has antiplatelet (IC50=5 μM), anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity. [8]-Shogaol inhibited COX-2 (IC50=17.5 μM), which led to the decline of human leukemia cells. 8-Shogaol Selective direction TAK1 sum TAK1-TAB1 (IC50=5 μM), suppress IKK, Akt sum MAPK signal pathway, and reverse synovitis synovial sum Air dampness (RA).
    [8]-Shogaol
  • HY-15221
    Methylstat
    		Inducer 98.85%
    Methylstat is a potent histone demethylases inhibitor. Methylstat shows anti-proliferative activity with low cytotoxicity. Methylstat induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase. Methylstat increases the expression of p53 and p21 protein levels. Methylstat inhibits angiogenesis induced by various cytokines. Methylstat can be used as a chemical probe for addressing its role in angiogenesis.
    Methylstat
  • HY-N2292
    Kinsenoside
    		Inhibitor 99.91%
    Kinsenoside is the main active ingredient of the genus plant, and has various biological activities. Kinsenoside and Nrf2 depend on the protection of nuclear cells (NPCs), which significantly reduces their ability to survive. Kinsenoside Active NPC Medium AKT-ERK1/2-Nrf2 Signal passage, Prevent physical decline, aging, harmonious physical function impairment. Kinsenoside can improve the puncture guide model for intermediate vertebral wall discharge (IDD).
    Kinsenoside
  • HY-101666
    HBX 41108
    		Inducer 99.61%
    HBX 41108 is an inhibitor of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) with an IC50 of 424 nM. HBX 41108 inhibits USP7-mediated p53 deubiquitination to stabilize p53 and inhibits cancer cell growth. BX 41108 can be used in cancer and diabetes research.
    HBX 41108
  • HY-B0392
    (S)-(+)-Rolipram
    		Activator 99.77%
    (S)-(+)-Rolipram ((+)-Rolipram) is a cyclic AMP(cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1100 nM. (S)-(+)-Rolipram can suppresse tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) production by human mononuclear cells.
    (S)-(+)-Rolipram
  • HY-P1411
    Psalmotoxin 1
    		Inducer 99.02%
    Psalmotoxin 1 (PcTx1) is a protein toxin that can bind at subunit-subunit interfaces of acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a). Psalmotoxin 1 is a potent and slective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50: 0.9 nM) by increasing the apparent affinity for H+ of ASIC1a. Psalmotoxin 1 can induce cell apoptosis, also inhibits cell migration, proferliration and invasion of cancer cells. Psalmotoxin 1 can be used in the research of cancers, or neurological disease.
    Psalmotoxin 1
  • HY-123604A
    TH1834 dihydrochloride
    		Inducer 99.68%
    TH1834 dihydrochloride is a specific Tip60 (KAT5) histone acetyltransferase inhibitor. TH1834 dihydrochloride induces apoptosis and increases DNA damage in breast cancer. TH1834 dihydrochloride does not affect the activity of related histone acetyltransferase MOF. Anticancer activity.
    TH1834 dihydrochloride
  • HY-16586
    PFI-1
    		Inducer 99.87%
    PFI-1 is a selective BET (bromodomain-containing protein) inhibitor for BRD4 with IC50 of 0.22 μM in a cell-free assay.
    PFI-1
  • HY-N1378
    (E)-Cardamonin
    		Inducer 99.84%
    (E)-Cardamonin ((E)-Cardamomin) is a novel antagonist of hTRPA1 cation channel with an IC50 of 454 nM.
    (E)-Cardamonin
  • HY-10088
    Zibotentan
    		Inducer 99.37%
    Zibotentan (ZD4054) is a potent, selective and orally active endothelin A (ETA) receptor antagonist with a Ki of 13 nM. Zibotentan has no inhibitory effect on ETB. Zibotentan has anticancer effects and can be used for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) research.
    Zibotentan
  • HY-139535
    Luxeptinib
    		Inducer 99.30%
    Luxeptinib (CG-806) is an orally active, reversible, first-in-class, non-covalent and potent pan-FLT3/pan-BTK inhibitor. Luxeptinib induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis or autophagy in acute myeloid leukemia cells.
    Luxeptinib
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity