2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Apoptosis
  4. Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Apoptosis

Related Products

PDF 16.38 MB

Apoptosis is a distinctive form of cell death exhibiting specific morphological and biochemical characteristics, including cell membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation, genomic DNA fragmentation, and exposure of specific phagocytosis signaling molecules on the cell surface. Cells undergoing apoptosis differ from those dying through necrosis. Necrotic cells are usually recognized by the immune system as a danger signal and, thus, resulting in inflammation; in contrast, apoptotic death is quiet and orderly.

There are two major pathways of apoptotic cell death induction: The intrinsic pathway, also called the Bcl-2-regulated or mitochondrial pathway, is activated by various developmental cues or cytotoxic insults, such as viral infection, DNA damage and growth-factor deprivation, and is strictly controlled by the BCL-2 family of proteins. The extrinsic or death-receptor pathway is triggered by ligation of death receptors (members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, such as Fas or TNF receptor-1 (TNFR1)) that contain an intracellular death domain, which can recruit and activate caspase-8 through the adaptor protein Fas-associated death domain (FADD; also known as MORT1) at the cell surface. This recruitment causes subsequent activation of downstream (effector) caspases, such as caspase-3, -6 or -7, without any involvement of the BCL-2 family.

Studies suggest that alterations in cell survival contribute to the pathogenesis of a number of human diseases, including cancer, viral infections, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). Treatments designed to specifically alter the apoptotic threshold may have the potential to change the natural progression of some of these diseases.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-156773
    STM3006
    		98.71%
    STM3006 is a highly potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of METTL3 (IC50: 5 nM). STM3006 can reduce the m6A level, promote the formation of dsRNA, trigger a cell-intrinsic interferon response, and enhance the killing effect of T cells on tumors. STM3006 has anti-tumor activity, and its combination with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy yields better results.
    STM3006
  • HY-N2037A
    Higenamine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.52%
    Higenamine hydrochloride is a selective LSD1 inhibitor (IC50=1.47 μM) that can be isolated from aconite. Higenamine hydrochloride has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity. Higenamine (Norcoclaurine) can attenuate IL-1β-induced Apoptosis through ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Higenamine hydrochloride protects brain cells from oxygen deprivation. Higenamine can promote bone formation in osteoporosis through the SMAD2/3 pathway. Higenamine hydrochloride can be used to study cancer, inflammation, cardiorenal syndrome and other diseases.
    Higenamine hydrochloride
  • HY-18621
    OTS514
    		Inducer 99.77%
    OTS514 is a highly potent TOPK inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.6 nM. OTS514 strongly suppresses the growth of TOPK-positive cancer cells. OTS514 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.
    OTS514
  • HY-18750
    Zorifertinib
    		Inducer 99.37%
    Zorifertinib (AZD3759) is a potent, orally active, central nervous system-penetrant, EGFR inhibitor. At Km ATP concentrations, the IC50s are 0.3, 0.2, and 0.2 nM for EGFRwt, EGFRL858R, and EGFRexon 19Del, respectively. Zorifertinib induces cancer cell apoptosis. Zorifertinib has antitumor activity, and can be used for NSCLC, HCC etc. research.
    Zorifertinib
  • HY-13591
    Piclidenoson
    		Activator 99.01%
    Piclidenoson (IB-MECA) is a first-in-class, orally active and selective A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonist. Piclidenoson exhibits antiproliferative effect and induces apoptosis in different cancer cell types like melanoma, leukemia. Piclidenoson can be used for the research of autoimmune inflammatory diseases and COVID-19.
    Piclidenoson
  • HY-12037
    Rigosertib sodium
    		Inducer 99.57%
    Rigosertib sodium (ON-01910 sodium) is a multi-kinase inhibitor and a selective anti-cancer agent, which induces apoptosis by inhibition the PI3K/Akt pathway, promotes the phosphorylation of histone H2AX and induces G2/M arrest in cell cycle. Rigosertib sodium is a selective and non-ATP-competitive inhibitor of PLK1 with an IC50 of 9 nM.
    Rigosertib sodium
  • HY-18299A
    Purvalanol A
    		Inducer 98.30%
    Purvalanol A is a potent CDK inhibitor, which inhibits cdc2-cyclin B, cdk2-cyclin A, cdk2-cyclin E, cdk4-cyclin D1, and cdk5-p35 with IC50s of 4, 70, 35, 850, 75 nM, resepctively.
    Purvalanol A
  • HY-10248
    RAF265
    		Inducer 99.80%
    RAF265 is a potent and orally active RAF/VEGFR2 inhibitor.
    RAF265
  • HY-18973
    Dp44mT
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Dp44mT is an iron chelator with selective anticancer activity.
    Dp44mT
  • HY-13287
    SGI-1776 free base
    		Inducer 99.35%
    SGI-1776 free base is an inhibitor of Pim kinases, with IC50s of 7 nM, 363 nM, and 69 nM for Pim-1, -2 and -3, respectively.
    SGI-1776 free base
  • HY-10409A
    Fedratinib hydrochloride hydrate
    		Inducer 99.92%
    Fedratinib hydrochloride hydrate (TG-101348 hydrochloride hydrate) is a potent, selective, ATP-competitive and orally active JAK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 3 nM for both JAK2 and JAK2V617F kinase. Fedratinib hydrochloride hydrate shows 35- and 334-fold selectivity over JAK1 and JAK3, respectively. Fedratinib hydrochloride hydrate induces cancer cell apoptosis and has the potential for myeloproliferative disorders research.
    Fedratinib hydrochloride hydrate
  • HY-13945
    NVP 231
    		Inducer 99.57%
    NVP 231 is a potent, specific, and reversible ceramide kinase (CerK) inhibitor(IC50=12 nM) that competitively inhibits binding of ceramide to CerK. NVP 231 induces cell apoptosis by increasing DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 and caspase-9 cleavage.
    NVP 231
  • HY-15730
    Poziotinib
    		Inducer 99.96%
    Poziotinib (HM781-36B) is an orally active, irreversible pan-HER inhibitor, which effectively inhibits EGFRwt, HER-2 and HER-4 with IC50s of 3.2, 5.3 and 23.5 nM, respectively. Poziotinib (HM781-36B) also shows excellent inhibitory activities against mutated EGFRs, including EGFRT790M and EGFRL858R/T790M, with IC50s of 4.2 and 2.2 nM, respectively. Excellent antitumor activity.
    Poziotinib
  • HY-N0878
    Bufotalin
    		Inducer 99.82%
    Bufotalin is a steroid lactone isolated from Venenum Bufonis with potently antitumor activities. Bufotalin induces cancer cell apoptosis and also induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation.
    Bufotalin
  • HY-P99053
    Tralokinumab
    		Inhibitor 99.12%
    Tralokinumab (CAT354) is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to and neutralizes IL-13. Tralokinumab can be used in the research of diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and pulmonary fibrosis.
    Tralokinumab
  • HY-112296
    T025
    		Inducer 99.64%
    T025 is an orally active and highly potent inhibitor of Cdc2-like kinase (CLKs), with Kd values of 4.8, 0.096, 6.5, 0.61, 0.074, 1.5 and 32 nM for CLK1, CLK2, CLK3, CLK4, DYRK1A, DYRK1B and DYRK2, respectively. T025 induces caspase-3/7-mediated cell apoptosis. T025 reduces CLK-dependent phosphorylation. T025 exerts anti-proliferative activities in both hematological and solid cancer cell lines (IC50 values: 30-300 nM). T025 has an anti-tumor efficiency, mainly for MYC-driven disease research.
    T025
  • HY-125665
    Pheophorbide A
    		Inducer
    Pheophorbide A is an intermediate product in the chlorophyll degradation pathway. Pheophorbide A can be used as a photosensitizer. Pheophorbide A is a lymphatic vascular activator. Pheophorbide A has antitumor activity. Pheophorbide A can be used for human lymphatic vascular insufficiencies research.
    Pheophorbide A
  • HY-W004520
    Phenazine methylsulfate
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    Phenazine methylsulfate is a free radical generator that can act as an electron transfer reactant in cell viability assays. It also has insecticidal properties. Furthermore, Phenazine methylsulfate induces oxidative DNA damage and cell apoptosis, showing antitumor activity.
    Phenazine methylsulfate
  • HY-124379
    TPCK
    		Activator 98.55%
    TPCK (L-1-Tosylamido-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone; L-TPCK) is an effective serine protease inhibitor and also a blocker of the PDK1/Akt pathway. TPCK can modify the E7 protein in actively keratinocyte cells. TPCK can induce cellular apoptosis, suppress tumor growth, reduce hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in rat pups, and affect vascular permeability in inflamed rats.
    TPCK
  • HY-116282A
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500)
    		Inducer
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS) (MW 4500-5500) is a polymer of dehydrated glucose with a molecular weight of approximately 4500-5500. Dextran sulfate sodium salt with different molecular weights exhibits different biological activities. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) is an inhibitor of complement and coagulation pathways, and belongs to the glycosaminoglycans (GAG) family. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) acts as an anticoagulant, antiviral, and anti-lipemic agent. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) stops HIV-1 virus adsorption to host cells. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) prevents NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500) inhibits instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR).
    Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 4500-5500)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity