Thiamine pyrophosphate tetrahydrate 

Thiamine pyrophosphate tetrahydrate is the coenzyme form of Vitamin B1, and is a required intermediate in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Thiamine pyrophosphate tetrahydrate is necessary for oxidative phosphorylation and the pentose phosphate pathway by acting as a cofactor for α-ketoacid dehydrogenases^[1][2][3].

Thiamine pyrophosphate (25 mg/kg, i.p.) tetrahydrate inhibits the ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rat ovarian tissue^[1].
Thiamine pyrophosphate (20 mg/kg, i.p., once a day for 14 days) tetrahydrate prevents Cisplatin (HY-17394) induced cardiotoxicity, and associated oxidative stress and heart injury in rats^[21].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

[Thiamine pyrophosphate tetrahydrate]

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• [1]. Demiryilmaz I, et al. A comparative investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate on ischemia-reperfusion induced oxidative damage in rat ovarian tissue. Arch Pharm Res. 2013 Sep;36(9):1133-9.   [Content Brief]

  [2]. Coskun R, et al. The protective effect of thiamine pyrophosphate, but not thiamine, against cardiotoxicity induced with cisplatin in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2014 Jul;37(3):290-4.   [Content Brief]

  [3]. de Jong L, et al. Thiamine pyrophosphate biosynthesis and transport in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics. 2004 Oct;168(2):845-54.  [Content Brief]