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betaines

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By Targets:	Akt (1) Biochemical Assay Reagents (5) Cholinesterase (ChE) (2) DNA Methyltransferase (1) Drug Intermediate (1) Drug Metabolite (1) Endogenous Metabolite (9) Fluorescent Dye (1) GABA Receptor (1) Isotope-Labeled Compounds (4) Keap1-Nrf2 (1) Liposome (1) NF-κB (1) p38 MAPK (1)
By Research Areas:	Cardiovascular Disease (1) Metabolic Disease (6) Neurological Disease (2)

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

Natural
Products

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Areas	Chemical Structure

HY-P2743

Choline oxidase	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Choline oxidase (EC 1.1.3.17) catalyzes the oxidation of choline to glycine betaine via betaine aldehyde in glycine betaine biosynthesis and betaine acts as an osmolyte. Choline oxidase has potential in enzymatic betaine production .

HY-N0739S

Betaine-d3 chloride	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Others	Others
Betaine-d₃ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Betaine chloride .

HY-N0739S1

Betaine-d9 chloride 1 Publications Verification	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Others	Others
Betaine-d₉ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Betaine chloride .

HY-B0710S

Betaine-13C3 Trimethylglycine-¹³C₃; Carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium-¹³C₃	Isotope-Labeled Compounds	Metabolic Disease
Betaine- ¹³C₃ (Trimethylglycine- ¹³C₃) is the ¹³C labeled isotope of Betaine (HY-B0710). Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns ^[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity .

HY-N3083

Phenylalanine betaine	Others	Others
Phenylalanine betaine is a betaine that can be isolated from Antiaris africana .

HY-N12762

DGTS	Liposome	Others
DGTS, as described, is a structural isomer of DGTA and one of the most common betaine lipids found in microalgae, particularly abundant in Chlorophyceae . DGTS is a helper lipid that is structurally similar to DSPE or DOPE.

HY-CE00273

(R)-Carnitinyl-CoA betaine (R)-Carnitinyl-coenzyme A betaine	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
(R)-Carnitinyl-CoA betaine ((R)-Carnitinyl-coenzyme A betaine) is an ammonium betaine and a 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA.

HY-CE00426

(S)-Carnitinyl-CoA, betaine (S)-Carnitinyl-coenzyme A, betaine	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Metabolic Disease
(S)-Carnitinyl-CoA, betaine ((S)-Carnitinyl-coenzyme A, betaine) is a 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA.

HY-N0739R

Betaine (chloride) (Standard)	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Betaine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Betaine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Betaine hydrochloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.

HY-W698505

Benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-benzyl-β-D-galactpyranoside	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a biochemical assay reagent.

HY-B0710

*Betaine* 3 Publications Verification Trimethylglycine; carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns ^[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity .

HY-D1471

10-(3-Sulfopropyl)acridinium Betaine	Fluorescent Dye	Others
10-(3-Sulfopropyl)acridinium Betaine is a fluorescent dye with high durability (>3 months) .

HY-N0739

Betaine chloride 3 Publications Verification	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Betaine chloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.

HY-113270

Actinine γ-Butyrobetaine; Deoxycarnitine	Endogenous Metabolite	Metabolic Disease
Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) is an amino acid betaine aminobutyric acid zwitterion. Actinine acts as both a human metabolite and a metabolite of E. coli .

HY-126426

CBHcy	DNA Methyltransferase	Cardiovascular Disease
CBHcy is an inhibitor for betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BGMT), with an IC₅₀ of 0.09 μM. CBHcy upregulates the plasma total homocysteine and causes transient hyperhomocysteinemia in mice model .

HY-N1914S1

Ergothioneine-d9 L-(+)-Ergothioneine-d₉	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Ergothioneine-d₉ is the deuterium labeled Ergothioneine. Ergothioneine, an imidazole-2-thione derivative of histidine betaine, is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. Ergothioneine is generally considered an antioxidant .

HY-N1914S

Ergothioneine-d3 L-(+)-Ergothioneine-d₃	Isotope-Labeled Compounds Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Ergothioneine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Ergothioneine. Ergothioneine, an imidazole-2-thione derivative of histidine betaine, is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. Ergothioneine is generally considered an antioxidant .

HY-119591

BPDBA	GABA Receptor	Neurological Disease
BPDBA is a selective and noncompetitive betaine/GABA transporter (BGT-1) inhibitor with IC₅₀s of 20 μM and 35 μM against human BGT-1 and mouse GAT2, respectively .

HY-W587960

Hercynine Histidine-betaine	Drug Metabolite Drug Intermediate	Metabolic Disease
Hercynine (Histidine-betaine) is an intermediate (precursor) and a redox metabolite of Ergothioneine (HY-N1914), which is found in the fine leaf algae, Schizosaccharomyces cerevisiae and honey bees. Hercynine has no effect on scavenging •OH radicals .

HY-N1914

Ergothioneine 5 Publications Verification L-(+)-Ergothioneine	Endogenous Metabolite p38 MAPK Akt Keap1-Nrf2 NF-κB	Others
Ergothioneine is an imidazole-2-thione derivative with orally active histidine betaine. Ergothioneine is a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK and Akt, which plays a protective role in cell apoptosis induced by stress. Ergothioneine has antioxidant activity .

HY-135057

Lauroylamide propylbetaine (35% in water) Lauramidopropyl betaine	Biochemical Assay Reagents	Others
Lauroylamide propylbetaine (35% in water) (Lauramidopropyl betaine) is an ampholytic surfactant for cosmetic and hair compositions to enhance viscosity and has good biodegradability. Lauroylamide propylbetaine (35% in water) promotes CH4 hydrate formation by reducing the induction time and increasing the CH4 consumption rate for hydrate growth .

HY-E70349

Betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase	Endogenous Metabolite	Others
Betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase is a biocatalyst and a key enzyme in new biocatalyst technology. Enzyme engineering focuses on enhancing enzyme reaction kinetics, substrate selectivity, and activity under harsh conditions such as low or high pH. By introducing stimulus responsiveness to these enzyme modifications, dynamic control of activity is also possible .

HY-P5189A

*His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA*	Endogenous Metabolite Cholinesterase (ChE)	Others
His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA, is a growth hormone releasing peptide, as well as a metabolite of GHRP-1. GHRP-1, or Ala-His-D-beta Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2, has the effect of promoting the release of growth hormone (GH). GHRP-1 increases GH release and increases [Ca2+]i levels in static monolayer cells of rat pituitary gland, but does not affect cAMP levels .

HY-163909

AChE-IN-72	Cholinesterase (ChE)	Neurological Disease
AChE-IN-72 (Compound 13a) is an inhibitor for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with an IC₅₀ of 0.59 μM. AChE-IN-72 inhibits BChE with an IC₅₀ of 5.02 μM. AChE-IN-72 exhibits radical scavenging with IC₅₀ of 5.88 μM. AChE-IN-72 exhibits iron-chelating property, inhibits Aβ1−42 aggregation, and inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation. AChE-IN-72 ameliorates memory impairment in Betaine (HY-B0710)-induced AD mouse model. AChE-IN-72 is blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrable .

10-(3-Sulfopropyl)acridinium Betaine	Fluorescent Dyes/Probes
10-(3-Sulfopropyl)acridinium Betaine is a fluorescent dye with high durability (>3 months) .

Benzyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2,3-di-O-benzyl-β-D-galactpyranoside	Carbohydrates
Cocamidopropyl betaine is a biochemical assay reagent.

Cat. No.	Product Name	Target	Research Area

HY-P5189A

*His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA*	Endogenous Metabolite Cholinesterase (ChE)	Others
His-D-beta-Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2 TFA, is a growth hormone releasing peptide, as well as a metabolite of GHRP-1. GHRP-1, or Ala-His-D-beta Nal-Ala-Trp-D-Phe-Lys-NH2, has the effect of promoting the release of growth hormone (GH). GHRP-1 increases GH release and increases [Ca2+]i levels in static monolayer cells of rat pituitary gland, but does not affect cAMP levels .

HY-P4285

β-Aspartylalanine	Peptides	Others
β-Aspartylalanine is a substrate for β-aspartyl peptidase and used to measure β-aspartyl peptidase activity in fecal supernatants .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Category	Target	Chemical Structure

HY-B0710

*Betaine* 3 Publications Verification Trimethylglycine; carboxy-N,N,N-trimethylmethanaminium	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms other families Animals Classification of Application Fields Disease markers Metabolic Disease Plants Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields Cancer	Endogenous Metabolite
Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns ^[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity .

HY-N0739

Betaine chloride 3 Publications Verification	Structural Classification Classification of Application Fields Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Other Diseases Beta vulgaris Linn. Plants Disease Research Fields Chenopodiaceae	Endogenous Metabolite
Betaine chloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.

HY-N1914

Ergothioneine 5 Publications Verification L-(+)-Ergothioneine	Alkaloids Structural Classification Microorganisms Classification of Application Fields Other Alkaloids Source classification Other Diseases Endogenous metabolite Disease Research Fields	Endogenous Metabolite p38 MAPK Akt Keap1-Nrf2 NF-κB
Ergothioneine is an imidazole-2-thione derivative with orally active histidine betaine. Ergothioneine is a specific inhibitor of p38-MAPK and Akt, which plays a protective role in cell apoptosis induced by stress. Ergothioneine has antioxidant activity .

HY-N3083

Phenylalanine betaine	Antiaris toxicaria Lesch. Structural Classification Natural Products Source classification Plants Moraceae	Others
Phenylalanine betaine is a betaine that can be isolated from Antiaris africana .

HY-N12762

DGTS	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Source classification	Liposome
DGTS, as described, is a structural isomer of DGTA and one of the most common betaine lipids found in microalgae, particularly abundant in Chlorophyceae . DGTS is a helper lipid that is structurally similar to DSPE or DOPE.

HY-N0739R

Betaine (chloride) (Standard)	Structural Classification Ketones, Aldehydes, Acids Source classification Beta vulgaris Linn. Plants Chenopodiaceae	Endogenous Metabolite
Betaine (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Betaine (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Betaine hydrochloride is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns.

HY-113270

Actinine γ-Butyrobetaine; Deoxycarnitine	Structural Classification Natural Products Microorganisms Marine algae Source classification Marine natural products Endogenous metabolite	Endogenous Metabolite
Actinine (γ-Butyrobetaine) is an amino acid betaine aminobutyric acid zwitterion. Actinine acts as both a human metabolite and a metabolite of E. coli .

Cat. No.	Product Name	Chemical Structure

HY-N0739S

Betaine-d3 chloride
Betaine-d₃ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Betaine chloride .

HY-N0739S1

Betaine-d9 chloride 1 Publications Verification
Betaine-d₉ (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Betaine chloride .

HY-B0710S

Betaine-13C3
Betaine- ¹³C₃ (Trimethylglycine- ¹³C₃) is the ¹³C labeled isotope of Betaine (HY-B0710). Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns ^[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity .

Betaine-13C3

Betaine- ¹³C₃ (Trimethylglycine- ¹³C₃) is the ¹³C labeled isotope of Betaine (HY-B0710). Betaine (Trimethylglycine) is a natural compound found in many foods and also an active methyl-donor which can maintain normal DNA methylation patterns ^[1,2]. Betaine is found ubiquitously in plants, animals, microorganisms, and rich dietary sources including seafood, spinach, and wheat bran. Betaine also acts as an osmolyte, to maintain the avian’s cellular water and ion balance to improve the avian’s capacity against heat stress via preventing dehydration and osmotic inactivation. It helps in maintaining the protective osmolytic activity, especially in heat-stressed birds. Betaine may promote various intestinal microbes against osmotic variations and thus improve microbial fermentation activity .

HY-N1914S1

Ergothioneine-d9
Ergothioneine-d₉ is the deuterium labeled Ergothioneine. Ergothioneine, an imidazole-2-thione derivative of histidine betaine, is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. Ergothioneine is generally considered an antioxidant .

HY-N1914S

Ergothioneine-d3
Ergothioneine-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Ergothioneine. Ergothioneine, an imidazole-2-thione derivative of histidine betaine, is synthesized by certain bacteria and fungi. Ergothioneine is generally considered an antioxidant .

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betaines

Inhibitors & Agonists

Fluorescent Dye

Biochemical Assay Reagents

Peptides

NaturalProducts

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

Natural
Products