RSPO1/R-spondin-1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His)

RSPO1/R-spondin-1 is a secreted glycoprotein. RSPO1/R-spondin-1 binds to LGR4/5/6 receptors and ZNRF3/E3 ubiquitin ligases, inhibits Wnt receptor degradation, stabilizes β-catenin and promotes its nuclear translocation, and activates target gene transcription. RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human promotes intestinal organoid survival, induces pancreatic β-cell proliferation to improve diabetes, enhances osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to treat osteoporosis, and inhibits bone erosion in arthritis models. RSPO1/R-spondin-1 Protein, Human (HEK293, His) is a recombinant RSPO1/R-spondin-1 protein expressed by HEK293 with a C-His tag.

RSPO1/R-spondin-1 belongs to the R-spondin family (including 4 members, RSPO 1-4)^[2][4]. RSPO1/R-spondin-1 is a secreted glycoprotein. RSPO1/R-spondin-1 binds to LGR4/5/6 receptors and ZNRF3/E3 ubiquitin ligase, inhibits Wnt receptor degradation, stabilizes β-catenin and promotes its nuclear translocation, and activates target gene transcription^[2][4][7]. RSPO1/R-spondin-1 is expressed in intestinal epithelium, pancreatic acini, bone mesenchyme, joint osteoblasts and other tissues^[1][5][6][7]. RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human is highly homologous to RSPO1 in mouse, rat and other species in terms of amino acid sequence and function (such as activating Wnt signaling and promoting tissue regeneration)^[5][6]. RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human is composed of 263 amino acids, contains N-glycosylation modification (such as Asn137 site), and sugar chain structures include sialic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, etc.^[4]. RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human promotes the survival of intestinal organoids, induces pancreatic β-cell proliferation to improve diabetes, enhances the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to treat osteoporosis, and inhibits bone erosion in arthritis models^[2][5][6][7].

RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (500 ng/mL) increases size and survival in mouse intestinal organoid unit (OU) culture and activates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway^[2].
RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (1 μg/mL) induces expansion of human pancreatic organoids (hPOs) and maintains a ductal cell phenotype^[3].
RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (400 nM; 24 h) promotes proliferation of pancreatic β cells in MIN6 mice in a dose-dependent manner^[5].
RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (100 ng/mL) enhances Wnt signaling (β-catenin nuclear accumulation) and induces alkaline phosphatase and osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression in mouse C2C12 mesenchymal cells and primary osteoblasts^[7].

RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (0.8 mg/kg; i.p.; 80 days) maintains normoglycemia and improves glucose tolerance in Streptozotocin (HY-13753)-induced diabetic mice^[5].
RSPO1/R-spondin-1, Human (3.3 μg/g; i.p.; daily; 7 days) increases bone mineralization deposition rate and promotes osteoblast differentiation in aging model mice (Terc^-/-, Wrn^-/-Terc^-/-)^[6].

1.R-Spondin-1 enhances BMP-2-mediated differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The expected ED₅₀ is 0.5-3 μg/mL.
2.Measured by its ability to induce Topflash reporter activity in HEK293T human embryonic kidney cells. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 1-10 ng/mL

• 
  R-Spondin-1 enhances BMP-2-mediated differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The expected ED₅₀ is 2.232 μg/ml.corresponding to a specific activity is 4.48×10^2 units/mg.

Human

HEK293

C-6*His

Q2MKA7-1 (S21-A263)

284654  [NCBI]

Full Length of Isoform-1 Mature Protein

SRGIKGKRQRRISAEGSQACAKGCELCSEVNGCLKCSPKLFILLERNDIRQVGVCLPSCPPGYFDARNPDMNKCIKCKIEHCEACFSHNFCTKCKEGLYLHKGRCYPACPEGSSAANGTMECSSPAQCEMSEWSPWGPCSKKQQLCGFRRGSEERTRRVLHAPVGDHAACSDTKETRRCTVRRVPCPEGQKRRKGGQGRRENANRNLARKESKEAGAGSRRRKGQQQQQQQGTVGPLTSAGPA

Approximately 40-43.3 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

• 
  Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder

1.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
2.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, pH 7.8.
3.Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, 8% trehalose, pH 7.4.

<1 EU/μg determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Qu M, et al. Establishment of intestinal organoid cultures modeling injury-associated epithelial regeneration. Cell Res. 2021 Mar;31(3):259-271.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Levin G, et al. R-Spondin 1 (RSPO1) Increases Mouse Intestinal Organoid Unit Size and Survival in vitro and Improves Tissue-Engineered Small Intestine Formation in vivo. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Jun 5;8:476.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Dossena M, et al. Standardized GMP-compliant scalable production of human pancreas organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2020 Mar 4;11(1):94.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Levin G, et al. Production, purification and characterization of recombinant human R-spondin1 (RSPO1) protein stably expressed in human HEK293 cells. BMC Biotechnol. 2020 Jan 20;20(1):5.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Silvano S, et al. RSPO1, a potent inducer of pancreatic β cell neogenesis. Cell Rep Med. 2025 May 20;6(5):102126.  [Content Brief]

  [6]. Wang H, et al. R-Spondin 1 promotes vibration-induced bone formation in mouse models of osteoporosis. J Mol Med (Berl). 2013 Dec;91(12):1421-9.  [Content Brief]

  [7]. Krönke G, et al. R-spondin 1 protects against inflammatory bone damage during murine arthritis by modulating the Wnt pathway. Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Aug;62(8):2303-12.  [Content Brief]