PD-1 Protein, Cynomolgus (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi)

PD-1 is a cell surface receptor on T and B cells that binds to PD-L1 and PD-L2. PD-1 is an immune checkpoint that protects autoimmunity by promoting apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells in lymph nodes (programmed cell death) and reducing apoptosis of regulatory T cells (anti-inflammatory, inhibitory T cells). The expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells inhibits anti-tumor activity through the binding of PD-1 to effector T cells. PD-1 Protein, Cynomolgus (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is the recombinant cynomolgus-derived PD-1 protein, expressed by HEK293 , with C-Avi, C-His labeled tag. The total length of PD-1 Protein, Cynomolgus (Biotinylated, HEK293, His-Avi) is 143 a.a., with molecular weight of 30-45 kDa.

PD-1 is a protein encoded by the PDCD1 gene in the human body. PD-1 is a cell surface receptor on T cells and B cells, which regulates the immune system's response to human cells by inhibiting the inflammatory activity of T cells, downregulating the immune system and promoting self-tolerance. PD-1 is an immune checkpoint that protects autoimmunity by promoting apoptosis of antigen-specific T cells in lymph nodes (programmed cell death) and reducing apoptosis of regulatory T cells (anti-inflammatory, inhibitory T cells). PD-1 can bind to two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2. The expression of PD-L1 on tumor cells inhibits anti-tumor activity through the binding of PD-1 to effector T cells. PD-1 knockout mice showed lupus-like glomerulonephritis and dilated cardiomyopathy in the C57BL/6 and BALB/c gene backgrounds, respectively. In the mouse thymus, the gene was induced to express in the thymus when anti-CD3 antibodies were injected and a large number of thymocytes underwent apoptosis. Mice bred in the BALB/c context lacking the gene developed dilated cardiomyopathy and died of congestive heart failure^{[1][2][3][4][5]}.

Immobilized Biotinylated Cynomolgus PD-1 His-Avi at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) on Streptavidin precoated (0.5 μg/well) plate can bind Cynomolgus / Rhesus macaque PD-L1 Fc with a linear range of 0.2-5 ng/mL.

Cynomolgus

HEK293

C-Avi;C-His

B0LAJ3 (L25-Q167)

102123659  [NCBI]

30-45 kDa

Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE.

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized a 0.22 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4. Normally trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

• [1]. Shinohara T, et al. Structure and chromosomal localization of the human PD-1 gene (PDCD1). Genomics. 1994 Oct;23(3):704-6.  [Content Brief]

  [2]. Syn NL, et al. De-novo and acquired resistance to immune checkpoint targeting. Lancet Oncol. 2017 Dec;18(12):e731-e741.  [Content Brief]

  [3]. Francisco LM, et al. The PD-1 pathway in tolerance and autoimmunity. Immunol Rev. 2010 Jul;236:219-42.  [Content Brief]

  [4]. Fife BT, et al. The role of the PD-1 pathway in autoimmunity and peripheral tolerance. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Jan;1217:45-59.  [Content Brief]

  [5]. Latchman Y, et al. PD-L2 is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits T cell activation. Nat Immunol. 2001 Mar;2(3):261-8.  [Content Brief]