MD-2/LY96 Protein, Human (His)

Myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) (LY96 gene) is a small glycoprotein expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells. MD2 functions as a co-receptor for toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and is required for its activation. Recognition of LPS by TLR4 requires MD-2 since most of the lipid chains of LPS interact with a hydrophobic pocket in MD-2. MD2 confers invasiveness by activating MAPK and NF-kB signaling pathways and inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition^[1][2]. MD-2/LY96 Protein, Human (His) is the recombinant human-derived MD-2/LY96 protein, expressed by E. coli , with C-10*His labeled tag.

Myeloid differentiation factor-2 (MD2) plays a critical role in metastasis and CaP progression. MD2 is an essential factor in the tumor microenvironment allowing CaP cells to acquire metastatic traits^[1].
Recognition of LPS by TLR4 requires MD-2 since most of the lipid chains of LPS interact with a hydrophobic pocket in MD-2. Engagement of LPS with the TLR4/MD-2 complex triggers dimerization of two TLR4/MD-2 complexes, which leads to the recruitment of two major adaptor molecules, MyD88 and TRIF, and the activation of intracellular signalling pathways (i.e. MAPKs and NF-κB) for the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines^[2].

Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. When recombinant human TLR-4 (HY-P73586) is Immobilized at 2 µg/mL (100 µL/well) can bind Biotinylated recombinant human MD-2. The ED₅₀ for this effect is 0.1453 μg/mL.

Human

E. coli

C-10*His

Q9Y6Y9-1/BAA78717 (E17-N160)

23643  [NCBI]

Full Length of Isoform-1 Mature Protein

Approximately 19 kDa, based on SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.

Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE

Lyophilized powder.

Lyophilized from a 0.22 μm filtered solution of 0.1% TFA, 30% Acetonitrile, pH 2.5.

<1 EU/μg, determined by LAL method.

It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100 μg/mL in ddH₂O. For long term storage it is recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% BSA, 5% HSA, 10% FBS or 5% Trehalose).

Stored at -20°C for 2 years from date of receipt. After reconstitution, it is stable at 4°C for 1 week or -20°C for longer (with carrier protein). It is recommended to freeze aliquots at -20°C or -80°C for extended storage.

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.