2. Academic Validation
  3. Royal jelly acid inhibits NF-κB signaling by regulating H3 histone lactylation to alleviate IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic inflammation

Royal jelly acid inhibits NF-κB signaling by regulating H3 histone lactylation to alleviate IgE-mediated mast cell activation and allergic inflammation

  • Phytomedicine. 2025 Sep 28:148:157344. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157344.
Xue-Ting Xu 1,  Jun-Kai Fan 2,  Xi Chen 3,  Si-Yi Que 1,  Run-Xin Zhang 4,  Yu-Yan Xie 1,  Tian-Ci Zhou 5,  Kunmei Ji 6,  Zhen-Fu Zhao 7,  Jia-Jie Chen 8
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
  • 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: 2023221116@email.szu.edu.cn.
  • 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: 2023221087@email.szu.edu.cn.
  • 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: 2023221239@email.szu.edu.cn.
  • 5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: 2024221103@email.szu.edu.cn.
  • 6 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: jkm@szu.edu.cn.
  • 7 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: zhb@szu.edu.cn.
  • 8 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China. Electronic address: chenjj@szu.edu.cn.
PMID: 41045623 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2025.157344
Abstract

Background: Mast cells (MCs) mediate high-affinity IgE Fc receptor (FcεRI)-mediated allergic reactions. Royal jelly acid (RJA), the major lipid constituent of royal jelly, has anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, Antibacterial, and immunomodulatory properties.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate how RJA affects IgE-mediated MC activation and to elucidate mechanisms underlying anti-allergic effects.

Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and rat basophilic leukemia cells-2H3 (RBLs) were stimulated with IgE-antigen (Ag). β-hexosaminidase (β‑hex) and histamine (HA) release, inflammatory cytokines expression, and cellular morphology changes were examined in stimulated cells. Transcriptome changes associated with RJA-treated activated-MCs were analyzed. Network pharmacology, gene expression, and western blot analyses were employed to explore the relationship between H3 lactylation and anti-allergic effects of RJA on MC. In vivo studies were conducted in IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), ovalbumin (OVA)-induced active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), and HA-induced passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) mouse models.

Results: RJA inhibited IgE-dependent MC activation as evidenced by reduced β‑hex and HA release. RJA inhibited MAPK and NF-κB signaling, down-regulated RELA and NFκB1 transcripts, and decreased NF-κB reporter activity. RJA inhibited cellular H3 lactylation and H3K9 lactylation (H3K9la), leading to reduced histone lactyllysine enrichment in RELA or NFκB1 promoter loci. RJA alleviated allergic symptoms in PCA and ASA mice by intraperitoneal injection or oral administration, but did not affect HA-induced hypothermia.

Conclusion: RJA inhibits IgE-dependent MC activation by reducing cellular H3K9la and suppressing NF-κB signaling via reduced histone lactyllysine enrichment in RELA or NFκB1 promoter sites. RJA may support MC inhibition in the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.

Keywords

H3K9 lactylation; Mast cell; NF-κB; Royal jelly acid; Type I anaphylaxis.

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