2. Academic Validation
  3. Effect of cypermethrin on thyroid follicular epithelial cell injury via the ROS-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway

Effect of cypermethrin on thyroid follicular epithelial cell injury via the ROS-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway

  • Toxicol Lett. 2025 Jun:409:121-129. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2025.05.008.
Leina Jia 1,  Xiaoning Meng 2,  Yu Ma 3,  Jinyu Luo 4,  Xiaoqi Luo 5,  Huifang Yang 6,  Jian Zhou 7
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: jialeina@163.com.
  • 2 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: 1471043371@qq.com.
  • 3 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: 1639474269@qq.com.
  • 4 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: 2273403301@qq.com.
  • 5 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: luoxiaoqi0121@163.com.
  • 6 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: joyceyhf@126.com.
  • 7 Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, PR China. Electronic address: zhouycnx@126.com.
PMID: 40381747 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2025.05.008
Abstract

Cypermethrin (CYP, IUPAC name: [cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate), a type II pyrethroid Insecticide, is suggested to have potential adverse effects on human endocrine, immune, and neurotoxic systems.

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate whether CYP causes oxidative stress and Pyroptosis in thyroid follicle epithelial cells through the activation of the ROS-NFκB-NLRP3 pathway, thereby causing inflammatory responses.

Methods: Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were used as an in vitro model and exposed to CYP at different doses (0, 100, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 μmol/L) for 24 h.

Results: CYP treatment enhanced oxidative damage in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells, characterized by cellular crumpling, indistinct borders, increased cellular gaps, appearance of intercellular grease droplets, and increased Pyroptosis. Subsequent treatment with the Caspase-1 inhibitor VX-765 enhanced cell viability in the VX-765 +CYP group, improving cell morphology, reducing pyroptotic vesicles, suppressing oxidative stress, and downregulating Interleukin-18(IL-18) (an inflammatory factor) level.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate that CYP induces Pyroptosis in Nthy-ori 3-1 cells through activation of the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-NF-κB-NLRP3 pathway.

Keywords

Inflammation; Nthy-ori 3-1; Oxidative stress; Pesticide poisoning; Pyroptosis.

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