2. Academic Validation
  3. Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure-Modified Nanocoating for Improved Bioaffinity and Osseointegration of Titanium

Tetrahedral DNA Nanostructure-Modified Nanocoating for Improved Bioaffinity and Osseointegration of Titanium

  • Small. 2025 May;21(18):e2412747. doi: 10.1002/smll.202412747.
Chenghui Qian 1,  Si Chen 1,  Liman Chen 2,  Chenyang Zhang 3,  Lingyi Yang 4,  Qiaowei Li 4,  Binbin Kang 5,  Xiaohong Chen 5,  Peter Mei 6,  Hongzhou Gu 7,  Yan Liu 8,  Yuehua Liu 9
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Department of Multidisciplinary Consultant Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
  • 2 Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
  • 3 Department of Oral Implantology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
  • 4 Department of Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
  • 5 School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China.
  • 6 Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9016, New Zealand.
  • 7 Department of Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
  • 8 Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital for Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, 100081, China.
  • 9 Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Craniomaxillofacial Development and Diseases, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomatology, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
PMID: 40103513 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202412747
Abstract

Titanium (Ti) is extensively used in the medical field because of its excellent biomechanical properties; however, how to precisely fabricate Ti surfaces at a nanoscale remains challenging. In this study, a DNA nanocoating system to functionalize Ti surfaces via a series of sequential reactions involving hydroxylation, silanization, and click chemistry is developed. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs) of two different sizes (≈7 and 30 nm) are assembled and characterized for subsequent surface attachment. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated significantly enhanced cell adhesion, spreading, proliferation, osteogenesis, and osseointegration on Ti surfaces modified with 30-nm TDNs, compared to slightly improved effects with 7-nm TDNs. Mechanistic studies showed that the focal adhesion pathway contributed to the enhanced bioaffinity of the 30-nm TDNs, as evidenced by the upregulated expression of vinculin and activation of the Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, under inflammatory or hypoxic conditions, Ti surfaces modified with 30-nm TDNs maintained excellent cellular performance comparable to that under normal conditions, suggesting a broader adaptability for DNA nanoparticles. Thus, better performance is achieved following modification with 30-nm TDNs. In summary, the proposed DNA-guided nanocoating system provides a novel and efficient strategy for the surface nanofabrication of Ti.

Keywords

DNA nanostructure; focal adhesion; osseointegration; surface modification; titanium.

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