Chlorhexidine diacetate

Name: Chlorhexidine diacetate
Brand: MedChemExpress
SKU: HY-W013699
Rating: 5.0 (11 reviews)

Cat. No.: HY-W013699 Purity: 99.68%: Data Sheet
SDS

COA
Handling Instructions
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Chlorhexidine diacetate is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine diacetate binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine diacetate has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine diacetate can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis).

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Chlorhexidine diacetate Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 56-95-1

Size	Stock	Quantity
100 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
500 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
1 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
5 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
10 g	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
50 g	Get quote

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Based on 11 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Chlorhexidine diacetate:

Chlorhexidine digluconate (20% in water) In-stock
Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride In-stock
Chlorhexidine In-stock
Chlorhexidine acetate hydrate Get quote
Chlorhexidine diacetate (Standard) Get quote

11 Publications Citing Use of MCE Chlorhexidine diacetate

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Biological Activity
Purity & Documentation
References
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Description

In Vitro

1. Cell death assay:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.000125%-0.016%; 24 h) induces cell death in L929 fibroblasts, inducing a pattern of cell necrosis and/or apoptosis, as well as cell stress. Furthermore, Chlorhexidine diacetate induces apoptosis at lower concentrations and necrosis at higher concentrations, and increases the expression of heat shock protein 70 (a marker of cell stress). Chlorhexidine diacetate may have an adverse effect on the resolution of apical periodontitis^[1].
2. Cell viability experiment:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) causes the death of canine embryonic fibroblasts with concentration of ≥0.013%, while allows the cells to survive with concentration of ≤0.006%^[2].
3. Bacterial survival experiment:
Chlorhexidine diacetate (0.0005%-0.5%; 30 min) has a concentration-dependent bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, and kills Staphylococcus aureus with concentration of ≥0.05%, while allows the bacteria to survive with concentration of ≤0.03%^[2].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Cell Viability Assay^[3]

Cell Line:	Canine embryonic fibroblasts
Concentration:	0.5%, 0.05%, 0.03%, 0.013%, 0.006%, 0.005%, 0.0005%
Incubation Time:	30 minutes
Result:	Fibroblasts showed 0% survival at concentrations ≥0.013%, while concentrations ≤0.006% allowed significant survival (e.g., 74% survival at 0.0005%), indicating a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect.

In Vivo

1. Paw injection toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1.0%; subcutaneous injection; single dose) diacetate causes toxic effects in the plantar space of the hind paw of Balb/c mice. Concentrations ≥0.5% induces coagulative necrosis of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissues and neutrophil-dominated inflammatory responses, while concentrations ≤0.25% induces moderate inflammation and interstitial edema^[1].
2. Lung inhalation toxicity test:
Chlorhexidine (0.125%-1%; intratracheal instillation; single dose; 8-week observation) diacetate causes collagen fiber deposition and inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissue in the C57BL/6J mouse model, leading to restrictive ventilation dysfunction. Transcriptome analysis shows that genes related to extracellular matrix deposition and mucus secretion (such as Muc5b and Muc5ac) are upregulated^[3].
3. Genetic toxicity test:
0.12% Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (0.5 mL; oral, twice a day for 8 days) causes DNA damage in peripheral blood and oral mucosal cells of rats, without causing chromosome breakage or loss in erythrocytes^[4].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Animal Model:	Male Balb/c mice (4 weeks old, 20 g), paw subplantar injection model^[1]
Dosage:	0.125%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0% chlorhexidine in distilled water
Administration:	Subplantar injection into the right hind paw, single dose, observed at 24 h, 48 h, 7 days, and 14 days
Result:	At 0.5% and 1.0%, caused extensive coagulative necrosis in the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, associated with marked neutrophilic inflammation and edema at 24-48 h; 0.25% induced focal necrosis in few specimens and moderate inflammation in all; 0.125% caused no necrosis but moderate neutrophilic inflammation and edema. Epidermal healing was complete by 7-14 days, with residual mononuclear cell infiltration and fibrous tissue thickening in high-dose groups.

Animal Model:	C57BL/6J mice (6-8 weeks old), intratracheal instillation-induced lung injury model^[2]
Dosage:	0.125% (2.5 mg/kg), 0.25% (5 mg/kg), 0.5% (10 mg/kg), 1% (20 mg/kg) chlorhexidine gluconate in RO water
Administration:	Single intratracheal instillation via MicroSprayer Aerosolizer, observed for 8 weeks
Result:	Led to dose-dependent lung tissue damage, including inflammatory cell infiltration, alveolar protein deposition, and airway epithelial cell exfoliation. Increased collagen fiber deposition in the alveolar septum and bronchial stroma, with significantly higher lung organ coefficients in high-dose groups. Decreased respiratory system compliance (Crs) and forced vital capacity (FVC), indicating restrictive ventilatory dysfunction. Upregulated genes related to extracellular matrix organization (e.g., P4ha3) and mucus secretion (e.g., Muc5b, Muc5ac).

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

625.55

Formula

C₂₆H₃₈Cl₂N₁₀O₄

CAS No.

56-95-1

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, stored under nitrogen

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

Ethanol : 55 mg/mL (87.92 mM; Need ultrasonic)

H₂O : 20 mg/mL (31.97 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	1.5986 mL	7.9930 mL	15.9859 mL
5 mM	0.3197 mL	1.5986 mL	3.1972 mL
10 mM	0.1599 mL	0.7993 mL	1.5986 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (stored under nitrogen). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (4.00 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.68%

Select Batch:

Data Sheet (278 KB) SDS (623 KB)

COA (244 KB) LCMS (93 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33(6):715-22. [Content Brief]

[2]. Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17(4):182-185. [Content Brief]

[3]. Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11(11):910. [Content Brief]

[4]. Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39(5):358-61. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / Ethanol	1 mM	1.5986 mL	7.9930 mL	15.9859 mL	39.9648 mL
	5 mM	0.3197 mL	1.5986 mL	3.1972 mL	7.9930 mL
	10 mM	0.1599 mL	0.7993 mL	1.5986 mL	3.9965 mL
	15 mM	0.1066 mL	0.5329 mL	1.0657 mL	2.6643 mL
	20 mM	0.0799 mL	0.3996 mL	0.7993 mL	1.9982 mL
	25 mM	0.0639 mL	0.3197 mL	0.6394 mL	1.5986 mL
	30 mM	0.0533 mL	0.2664 mL	0.5329 mL	1.3322 mL
Ethanol	40 mM	0.0400 mL	0.1998 mL	0.3996 mL	0.9991 mL
	50 mM	0.0320 mL	0.1599 mL	0.3197 mL	0.7993 mL
	60 mM	0.0266 mL	0.1332 mL	0.2664 mL	0.6661 mL
	80 mM	0.0200 mL	0.0999 mL	0.1998 mL	0.4996 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.