2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-W015913S4
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-13C5
    2-Oxopropanoate-13C2 (sodium) is the 13C labeled Sodium 2-oxopropanoate. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate (Sodium pyruvate), a three-carbon metabolite of Glucose, is a compound produced in the glycolytic pathway. Sodium 2-oxopropanoate is a free radical scavenger that can scavenge ROS.
    Sodium 2-oxopropanoate-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-N6623R
    Malvidin-3-galactoside chloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Malvidin-3-galactoside (chloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Malvidin-3-galactoside (chloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Malvidin-3-galactoside chloride, an anthocyanin monomer, induces hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells cycle arrest and apoptosis. Malvidin-3-galactoside chloride inhibits the production and accumulation of ROS. Malvidin-3-galactoside chloride has anti-tumor function.
    Malvidin-3-galactoside chloride (Standard)
  • HY-N0570S1
    Hydroxytyrosol-d5
    		Inducer
    Hydroxytyrosol-d5 (DOPET-d5) is the deuterium labeled Hydroxytyrosol (HY-N0570). Hydroxytyrosol is a phenol found in the olive oil. Hydroxytyrosol can alleviate oxidative stress and improve mitochondrial function, thereby exerting neuroprotective effects. Hydroxytyrosol can induce cancer cells apoptosis via inducing ROS production. Hydroxytyrosol shows antibacterial and antiviral effect. Hydroxytyrosol can be used for the researches of cancer, infection, inflammation, immunology, metabolic, neurological and cardiovascular disease, such as colon cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's Disease and atherosclerosis .
    Hydroxytyrosol-d<sub>5</sub>
  • HY-115507
    NMac1
    		Inhibitor
    NMac1 is an orally active Nm23/NDPK activator. NMac1 directly binds to Nm23-H1 and activates the NDPK activity of recombinant Nm23-H1 with an EC50 of 10.7 uM. NMac1 induces AMPK activation and inhibits mTOR and ERK, leading to mitochondrial OXPHOS dysregulation and suppressing mitochondrial ROS production, which in turn induces mitochondrial dysfunction in MDA-MB-231 cells. NMac1 inhibits Complex I activity and suppresses changes in morphology and actin cytoskeleton organization following Rac1 activation in MDA-MB-231 cells. NMac1 inhibits tumor invasion, migration and metastasis. NMac1 is useful for studying metastatic tumors, such as breast cancer. NMac1 can be isolated from the ginger cassumunar Roxb.
    NMac1
  • HY-172451
    MC4762
    		Inhibitor
    MC4762 is an inhibitor of NOX2 and MAOB, with IC50 values of 0.155 μM and 0.182 μM, respectively. MC4762 has anti-inflammatory activity, can inhibit the production of ROS, and downregulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines iNOS, IL-1β, and IL-6.
    MC4762
  • HY-18258S
    Berberine-d6 chloride
    		Activator
    Berberine-d6 (chloride) is the deuterium labeled Berberine chloride. Berberine chloride is an alkaloid that acts as an antibiotic. Berberine chloride induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibits DNA topoisomerase. Antineoplastic properties.
    Berberine-d<sub>6</sub> chloride
  • HY-171334A
    P1D-34
    		Inducer
    P1D-34 is a Pin1 PROTAC degrader with a DC50 value of 177 nM. P1D-34 also down-regulates Pin1 client proteins such as Cyclin D1, Rb, Mcl-1, Akt, and c-Myc. P1D-34 shows anti-proliferative activities in a panel of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines. P1D-34 induces cell DNA damage and apoptosis by releasing ROS generation. Pink: PIN1 ligand (HY-171442A), Blue: CRBN ligand (HY-14658), Black: Linker (HY-W014883).
    P1D-34
  • HY-117235R
    Diallyl Trisulfide (Standard)
    		Activator
    Diallyl Trisulfide (Standard) is the analytical standard of Diallyl Trisulfide. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Diallyl Trisulfide is an orally active anticancer agent that can be isolated from garlic. Diallyl Trisulfide has the ability to induce apoptosis and exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities. Diallyl Trisulfide can be used to study a variety of cancers, including liver, colon and prostate cancer[1][2][3][4].
    Diallyl Trisulfide (Standard)
  • HY-147767
    PI3Kα-IN-6
    		Inducer
    PI3Kα-IN-6 (Compound 5b) is a PI3Kα inhibitor. PI3Kα-IN-6 exhibits anticancer potential and no toxicity in normal cells. PI3Kα-IN-6 increases generation of ROS, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induces apoptosis.
    PI3Kα-IN-6
  • HY-116920A
    (R)-Alyssin
    		Activator
    (R)-Alyssin is a enantiomer of Alyssin (HY-116920). Alyssin, found in Cruciferous Vegetables, exerts anticancer activity in HepG2 by increasing intracellular reactive oxygen species and tubulin depolymerization.
    (R)-Alyssin
  • HY-149586
    ROS-IN-2
    		Inhibitor
    ROS-IN-2 (compound 85) is a seco-lupane triterpenoid derivative. ROS-IN-2 blocks ROS production and protects mitochondria from damage by inhibiting excessive production of oxidative stressors. ROS-IN-2 can be used for myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury research.
    ROS-IN-2
  • HY-142099
    Hispaglabridin A
    		Inhibitor
    Hispaglabridin A is an antioxidant that is effective at inhibiting lipid peroxidation.
    Hispaglabridin A
  • HY-A0169
    Methyl aminolevulinate
    Methyl aminolevulinate is an agent used as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methyl aminolevulinate is a proagent that can be metabolized to Protoporphyrin IX.
    Methyl aminolevulinate
  • HY-B1066R
    Butylhydroxyanisole (Standard)
    Butylhydroxyanisole (Standard) is the analytical standard of Butylhydroxyanisole. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Butylhydroxyanisole (Butylated hydroxyanisole) is an antioxidant used as a food additive preservative. Butylhydroxyanisole mediates liver toxicity, retardation in reproductive organ development and learning, and sleep deficit. Butylhydroxyanisole exerts neurotoxic effects and leads to disruption of the brain and nerve development. Butylhydroxyanisole is a ferroptosis inducer.
    Butylhydroxyanisole (Standard)
  • HY-W743769
    3′-Oxolutein
    		Inhibitor
    3′-Oxolutein, a metabolite of dietary lutein, is an anti-inflammatory agent and antioxidant, 3′-Oxolutein mitigates the effects of glutamate-induced ROS production and proinflammatory cytokine secretions in SH-SY5Y cells. 3'-Oxolutein reduces glutamate-induced iron content and increases thiol levels. 3′-Oxolutein can be used for the study of inflammation.
    3′-Oxolutein
  • HY-172153
    CDK2-IN-41
    		Inducer
    CDK2-IN-41 (Compound 7a) is a CDK2 inhibitor that exerts anticancer activity by binding to CDK2, thereby inhibiting the cell cycle, inducing cytotoxicity, promoting ROS production, and triggering Apoptosis. CDK2-IN-41 exhibits an IC50 of 10 µM against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) HL-60 cells. It holds potential for research in AML-related cancer therapy.
    CDK2-IN-41
  • HY-170579
    Antioxidant agent-20
    		Inhibitor
    Antioxidant agent-20 (Compound 3d) has potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Antioxidant agent-20 reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Antioxidant agent-20 exhibits photoprotective effect against UVB-irradiated human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) (IC50=5.13 µM) via activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and inhibition of NF-κB pathway.
    Antioxidant agent-20
  • HY-119695B
    Simvastatin acid calcium hydrate
    		Inhibitor
    Simvastatin acid (Tenivastatin) calcium hydrate is a potent HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR) inhibitor. Simvastatin acid calcium hydrate reduces Indoxyl sulfate-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human cardiomyocytes. Simvastatin acid calcium hydrate can also modulates OATP3A1 expression in cardiomyocytes and HEK293 cells transfected with the OATP3A1 gene.
    Simvastatin acid calcium hydrate
  • HY-170416
    ROS inducer 6
    		Inducer
    ROS inducer 6 (compound 9) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer. ROS inducer 6 (compound 9) acts as an anticancer agent by inducing ROS generation through the depletion of intracellular glutathione.
    ROS inducer 6
  • HY-N7576
    Anemarrhenasaponin Ia
    Anemarrhenasaponin Ia, isolated from Anemarrhenae rhizome, inhibits N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide generation. Anemarrhenasaponin Ia is an useful anti-inflammation reagent.
    Anemarrhenasaponin Ia
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity