2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
    Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
    NF-κB
  4. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

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Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radical (HO•), consist of radical and non-radical oxygen species formed by the partial reduction of oxygen. Cellular ROS are generated endogenously during mitochondrial oxidative metabolism as well as in cellular response to xenobiotics, cytokines, and bacterial invasion.

ROS also activates MAPK pathways by the direct inhibition of MAPK phosphatases. Through PTEN, the PI3K pathway is subject to reversible redox regulation by ROS generated by growth factor stimulation. The activation of autophagy may be a cellular defense mechanism in response to ROS.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-156694
    Hydroxy-PP-Me
    		Inducer 99.92%
    Hydroxy-PP-Me is a selective CBR1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 759 nM. Hydroxy-PP-Me can inhibit serum starvation-induced apoptosis. Hydroxy-PP-Me can enhance the cytotoxic effects of Daunorubicin (HY-13062A) and As2O3 on tumor cells. Hydroxy-PP-Me can be used in the research of cancer such as leukemia.
    Hydroxy-PP-Me
  • HY-B0612
    Lercanidipine
    		Inhibitor 99.65%
    Lercanidipine is a third-generation, lipophilic, brain-penetrant, vascular-selective and orally active dihydropyridine-calcium channel blocker with a pIC50 of 7.74 (converts from μM). Lercanidipine has long lasting antihypertensive action as well as reno- and neuro-protective effect. Lercanidipine also shows anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Lercanidipine can be used in cardiovascular and neurological research.
    Lercanidipine
  • HY-113410
    3-Methylglutaric acid
    		Inducer ≥98.0%
    3-Methylglutaric acid is a non-selective inhibitor of mitochondrial function and Na+, K+-ATPase, with an inhibition rate of 30% on rat cortical synaptosomal Na+, K+-ATPase. 3-Methylglutaric acid can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, thereby causing oxidative damage and inhibiting mitochondrial redox potential and ion pump function of cell membranes. 3-Methylglutaric acid can be used to study the neuropathological mechanisms of metabolic diseases and the role of oxidative stress-mediated neuronal damage in neurodegeneration.
    3-Methylglutaric acid
  • HY-B1777A
    Spermine tetrahydrochloride
    		≥98.0%
    Spermine tetrahydrochloride is a polyamine nitric oxide donor that can provide nitric oxide to platelets and inhibit platelet activation to a certain extent concentration-dependently. Spermine tetrahydrochloride occurs in mammalian tissues, plants, bacteria, ribosomes and bacteriophage. Spermine tetrahydrochloride inhibits primary human embryo lung fibroblasts in vitro. Spermine is a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Spermine is known to inhibit some bacterial cultures, especially strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Spermine induces neurotoxicity in the striarum dose-dependently. Spermine can reversibly inhibits DNA synthetic response, mixed lymphocyte response and the induction of cytolytic lymphocyte response in primary cultures of murine spleen cells.
    Spermine tetrahydrochloride
  • HY-118487
    OB-24
    		Inhibitor 98.21%
    OB-24 is a selective small-molecule HO-1 inhibitor (IC50 = 1.9 μM for HO-1 and IC50 for HO-2 >100 μM). OB-24 possesses anti-tumor and anti-metastatic properties. OB-24 can be studies in research such as prostate cancer, melanoma, ovarian carcinoma and lung metastasis.
    OB-24
  • HY-W020772
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate
    		Inhibitor ≥99.0%
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate is an inhibitor of NOS and ROS. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate abolishes ANE-induced ROS production in vitro. Aminoguanidine hemisulfate is used for cancer research.
    Aminoguanidine hemisulfate
  • HY-D1151
    HKOH-1
    		98.13%
    HKOH-1 is a highly sensitive green fluorescent probe for the specific detection of ·OH in living cells with a maximum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of 500 nm and 520 nm, respectively.
    HKOH-1
  • HY-W013935
    Bisphenol B
    		99.34%
    Bisphenol B is a close structural analog of Bisphenol A (BPA) (HY-18260). Bisphenol B is a potent, orally active endocrine disruptor (ED). Bisphenol B binds to G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) (IC50 = 3.3 μM) with higher affinity and agonistic activity than BPA. Bisphenol B promotes GPER mediated cell migration. Bisphenol B exerts estrogenic effects via GPER pathway at nanomolar concentration. Bisphenol B is used in the manufacture of polycarbonate resin with ED properties.
    Bisphenol B
  • HY-W014423S4
    L-Histidine-d5 hydrochloride hydrate
    		Inhibitor 99.63%
    L-Histidine-d5 hydrochloride hydrate is the deuterium labeled L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate (HY-W014423). L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is an endogenous metabolite. L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate scavenges hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen, regulate the absorption of zinc, copper and iron, exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. L-Histidine hydrochloride hydrate is blood brain barrier penetrable.
    L-Histidine-d<sub>5</sub> hydrochloride hydrate
  • HY-30152
    Xanthotoxol
    		99.46%
    Xanthotoxol (8-Hydroxypsoralen) It is a kind of fragrant bean substance, and it is a CYP450 inhibitor. Xanthotoxol has anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and 5-HT antagonistic and protective effects. Xanthotoxol inhibited CYP3A4 sum CYP1A2 IC50s separation 7.43 μM sum 27.82 μM. Xanthotoxol can pass through MAPK and NF-κB, inhibiting inflammation.
    Xanthotoxol
  • HY-B0739A
    Citicoline sodium
    		Inhibitor 99.60%
    Citicoline sodium is an endogenous intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine which is a component of cell membranes. Citicoline sodium inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis. Citicoline sodium can be used for neurological disease and hearing loss study.
    Citicoline sodium
  • HY-N2584A
    Isoxanthohumol
    		Inducer 99.91%
    Isoxanthohumol is an orally active flavonoid compound. Isoxanthohumol has biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, and inhibition of adipogenesis. Isoxanthohumol can induce apoptosis, autophagy, and migration of tumor cells. Isoxanthohumol is active against viruses such as HSV, BVDV, CMV, and Rhino. Isoxanthohumol can be used for the research of tumors, metabolic, and inflammatory diseases.
    Isoxanthohumol
  • HY-N0332
    Ziyuglycoside II
    		Activator 99.77%
    Ziyuglycoside II is a triterpenoid saponin compound extracted from Sanguisorba officinalis L.. Ziyuglycoside II induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and apoptosis. Anti-inflammation and anti-cancer effect.
    Ziyuglycoside II
  • HY-B0093A
    Benazepril hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    Benazepril (CGS14824A) hydrochloride is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to reduce angiotensin-II production. Benazepril hydrochloride inhibits oxidative stress and inhibits apoptosis by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. In addition, Benazepril hydrochloride improves diabetic nephropathy and decreases proteinuria. Benazepril hydrochloride can be used in the study of hypertension, heart failure and diabetic nephropathy.
    Benazepril hydrochloride
  • HY-122267
    Clovamide
    		Inhibitor 98.09%
    Clovamide (trans-Clovamide), a natural phenolic compound, is a potent antioxidant. Clovamide is an excellent ROS and oxygen radical scavenger. Clovamide also has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Clovamide is an anti-microbial with activity against the human pathogens influenza A subtype H5N1, Trypanosoma evansi, and Heliobacter pylori.
    Clovamide
  • HY-105935
    Keracyanin chloride
    		Inhibitor 99.90%
    Keracyanin chloride inhibits NF-κB/FAK/MAPK signaling pathway. Keracyanin chloride exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic effects, and is orally active.
    Keracyanin chloride
  • HY-23119
    Sodium thiocyanate, GR, 99%
    		Inhibitor 99.2%
    Sodium thiocyanate reduces plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, and increases the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels. Sodium thiocyanate also significantly reduces of ROS formation.
    Sodium thiocyanate, GR, 99%
  • HY-155945
    Firefly luciferase-IN-1
    		Inhibitor 98.70%
    Firefly luciferase-IN-1 (compound 48) is a highly potent and reversible inhibitor of firefly luciferase with an IC50 value of 0.25 nM.
    Firefly luciferase-IN-1
  • HY-A0169A
    Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride
    		Activator ≥98.0%
    Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride is an agent used as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Methyl aminolevulinate is a proagent that can be metabolized to Protoporphyrin IX.
    Methyl aminolevulinate hydrochloride
  • HY-N7719
    Oosporein
    		Inducer 99.16%
    Oosporein is a microbial metabolite and a red crystalline toxin produced by various fungi. Oosporein can promote the reproduction of fungi in host bodies by inhibiting insect immunity, and possesses multiple activities such as antibacterial, antiviral (HSV), and insecticidal effects. Oosporein can inhibit plant growth. In addition, Oosporein can also induce apoptosis, cell membrane damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial damage. Oosporein has certain antitumor activity.
    Oosporein
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity