NF-κB

Nuclear factor-κB; Nuclear factor-kappaB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1057)
Antibodies (32)
NF-κB Signaling Pathway
NF-κB Isoform Comparison

By Effects:	Controls (4) Inhibitors (899) Agonists (5) Degrader (1) Activators (52) Modulators (20) Inducers (2)

Cat. No.	Product Name	Effect	Purity	Chemical Structure

HY-N7931

Regaloside A	Inhibitor	99.76%
Regaloside A, a phenylpropanoid, shows significant DPPH radical scavenging activity of 58.0% at 160 ppm. Regaloside A has anti-inflammatory activity.

HY-14655S

Sulfasalazine-d₄	Inhibitor	99.28%
Sulfasalazine-d₄ is the deuterium labeled Sulfasalazine. Sulfasalazine (NSC 667219) is an anti-rheumatic agent for the research of rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative colitis. Sulfasalazine can suppress NF-κB activity. Sulfasalazine is a type 1 ferroptosis inducer[1][2][3][4].

HY-N9396

Nasunin	Inhibitor	99.30%
Nasunin, an antioxidant anthocyanin, possesses antiangiogenic activity.

HY-137976

Penehyclidine hydrochloride	Activator	99.2%
Penehyclidine (Penequinine) hydrochloride, a anticholinergic agent, is a selective antagonist of M1 and M3 receptors. Penehyclidine hydrochloride activates NF-kβ in lung tissue and inhibits the release of inflammatory factors. Penehyclidine hydrochloride can alleviate the pulmonary inflammatory response in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) undergoing mechanical ventilation.

HY-B1026

Adelmidrol	Inhibitor	≥98.0%
Adelmidrol exerts important anti-inflammatory effects that are partly dependent on PPARγ. Adelmidrol reduces NF-κB translocation, and COX-2 expression.

HY-N7102

Ceftiofur	Inhibitor	99.06%
Ceftiofur is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that targets bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and has anti-inflammatory effects in endotoxemia. Ceftiofur exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Ceftiofur also inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs, thereby reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.

HY-W160560

4-Vinylsyringol	Inhibitor	99.76%
4-Vinylsyringol is a phenolic compound with potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which can be isolated from rapeseed oil.

HY-125740

Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride	Inhibitor	99.87%
Malvidin-3-glucoside (Malvidin-3-O-glucoside; Oenin) chloride is an orally active inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, which blocks inflammatory responses induced by TNF-α, reduces IκB-α degradation and p65 nuclear translocation, and upregulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase eNOS to increase NO production. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by inhibiting pro-inflammatory molecules such as MCP-1, ICAM-1, and IL-6, and regulating intestinal microorganisms and metabolites, while protecting endothelial cells and improving intestinal microecological dysbiosis under inflammatory conditions. Malvidin-3-glucoside chloride can be used to study chronic inflammatory-related diseases such as atherosclerosis and inflammatory bowel disease, and has the potential to prevent vascular inflammation and improve intestinal health.

HY-76006

3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde	Inhibitor	99.89%
3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) is a precursor compound for phenolic compounds like Protocatechuic aldehyde (PCA) (HY-N0295). 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, produced by 3-hydroxybenzyl-alcohol dehydrogenase, is a substrate of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) in rats and humans. 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde has vasculoprotective effects in vitro and in vivo. 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde is proming for research of atherosclerosis.

HY-N1380S1

Guaiacol-d₃	Inhibitor	≥99.0%
Guaiacol-d₃ is the deuterium labeled Guaiacol. Guaiacol, a phenolic compound, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation. Guaiacol has an anti-inflammatory activity[1].

HY-N0608

Myrislignan	Inhibitor	99.46%
Myrislignan, a lignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt, possesses anti-inflammatory activities. Myrislignan attenuates LPS-induced inflammation reaction in murine macrophage cells through inhibition of NF-kB signalling pathway activation.

HY-B0898

Ceftiofur sodium	Inhibitor	98.03%
Ceftiofur sodium is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that targets bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and has anti-inflammatory effects in endotoxemia. Ceftiofur sodium exerts bactericidal effects by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan, leading to bacterial cell lysis. Ceftiofur sodium also inhibits the activation of NF-κB and MAPKs, thereby reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6.

HY-110398

5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone	Inhibitor	98.76%
5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone is a flavonoid compound that can be isolated from plants Callicarpa japonica. 5,6,7-Trimethoxyflavone exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activities through inhibition of NF-κB/AP-1/STAT signaling pathway.

HY-N3807

Enniatin B1	Inhibitor	99.34%
Enniatin B1 is a Fusarium mycotoxin. Enniatin B1 inhibits acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity with an IC₅₀ of 73 μM in an enzyme assay using rat liver microsomes. Enniatin B1 crosss the blood-brain barrier. Enniatin B1 decreases the activation of ERK (p44/p42). Enniatin B1 inhibits moderately TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation.

HY-N0705

Curculigoside	Inhibitor	99.82%
Curculigoside is the main saponin in C. orchioide, exerts significant antioxidant, anti-osteoporosis, antidepressant and neuroprotection effects. Curculigoside possesses significant anti-arthritic effects in vivo and in vitro via regulation of the JAK/STAT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

HY-N3536

Canthin-6-one	Inhibitor	99.92%
Canthin-6-one is an indole alkaloid, displays antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities.

HY-15530

CID-2858522	Inhibitor	99.78%
CID-2858522 is a highly potent and selective antigen receptor-mediated NF-κB activation inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 70 nM.

HY-136477

Pentagamavunon-1	Inhibitor	99.84%
Pentagamavunon-1 (PGV-1), a Curcumin analog with oral activity, targets on several molecular mechanisms to induce apoptosis including inhibition of angiogenic factors cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). PGV-1 inhibits NF-κB activation.

HY-169053

SU1261	Inhibitor	99.13%
SU1261 is an IKK inhibitor with K_i values of 10 nM and 680 nM for IKKα and IKKβ, respectively. SU1261 can inhibit non-canonical NF-κB signaling in U2OS osteosarcoma cells.

HY-N6812

Karacoline		99.55%
Karacoline, a diterpene alkaloid found in the plant Aconitum kusnezoffii, reduces degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) via the NF-κB signaling pathway.

LAT TCR CD3 BCR PLCγ1 ZAP70 PKC ELKs NEMO ATM NEMO PIASy PIDD RIP1 PARP1 NEMO ATM cIAP1 NEMO ATM c-IAP1/2, c-FLIP, XIAP, Bcl-XL, Bcl-2, gadd45β,
TRAF1/2, A1/Bfl-1, p100, IL-1, IL-6, IL8, IL-1β, TNF-α, A20,
IκBα, COX2, MIP-1β, MIP-2, VCAM-1,GM-CSF, CCL2, etc. IκBα TRAF6 ATM Tyr kinase LYN SYK BLK BLNK PLCγ2 BTK CARMA1 MALT1 BCL-10 IκBα CK2 p50 RELA IL-1 IL-1R MyD88 IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 TNF TNFR1 TRADD RIPK1 TRAF2/5 cIAP1/2 TAB2 or
TAB3 TAK1 NEMO IKKα IKKβ p105 p50 p105 REL p50 p50 p50 REL p50 RELA p50 c-REL p50 p50 IκBα REL p50 REL p50 CREB TRIM25 RNF135 IPS1 TRAF3 TRAF2/6 Virus MKK3 or
MKK6 MKK4 or
MKK7 p38 JNK CREB AP1 AP1 LPS LBP CD14 TLR4 MD2 MD2 MD2 TLR4 MyD88 TIRAP TRAM TRIF IRAK1 IRAK4 TRAF6 RIP1 TRAF3 CD40L, RANKL CD40,
RANK LTα1β2, LIGHT,
BAFF LTβR,
BAFFR TRAF6 IKKε TBK1 IRF7 IRF3 IRF3 IRF7 BLC, ELC, SLC, SDF-1α, BAFF,
ICAM, CXCL12, CXCL13, CCL19, CCL21, etc. TRAF3 TRAF2 cIAP1/2 NIK TBK1 IKKα p100 RELB p52 RELB p52 RELB

Download NF-κB Signaling Pathway Map.

NF-κB transcription factors are critical regulators of immunity, stress responses, apoptosis and differentiation. In mammals, there are five members of the transcription factor NF-κB family: RELA (p65), RELB and c-REL, and the precursor proteins NF-κB1 (p105) and NF-κB2 (p100), which are processed into p50 and p52, respectively. NF-κB transcription factors bind as dimers to κB sites in promoters and enhancers of a variety of genes and induce or repress transcription. NF-κB activation occurs via two major signaling pathways: the canonical and the non-canonical NF-κB signaling pathways^[1].

The canonical NF-κB pathway is triggered by signals from a large variety of immune receptors, such as TNFR, TLR, and IL-1R, which activate TAK1. TAK1 then activates IκB kinase (IKK) complex, composed of catalytic (IKKα and IKKβ) and regulatory (NEMO) subunits, via phosphorylation of IKKβ. Upon stimulation, the IKK complex, largely through IKKβ, phosphorylates members of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) family, such as IκBα and the IκB-like molecule p105, which sequester NF-κB members in the cytoplasm. IκBα associates with dimers of p50 and members of the REL family (RELA or c-REL), whereas p105 associates with p50 or REL (RELA or c-REL). Upon phosphorylation by IKK, IκBα and p105 are degradated in the proteasome, resulting in the nuclear translocation of canonical NF-κB family members, which bind to specific DNA elements, in the form of various dimeric complexes, including RELA-p50, c-REL-p50, and p50-p50. Atypical, IKK-independent pathways of NF-κB induction also provide mechanisms to integrate parallel signaling pathways to increase NF-κB activity, such as hypoxia, UV and genotoxic stress.

The non-canonical NF-κB pathway is induced by certain TNF superfamily members, such as CD40L, BAFF and lymphotoxin-β (LT-β), which stimulates the recruitment of TRAF2, TRAF3, cIAP1/2 to the receptor complex. Activated cIAP mediates K48 ubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation of TRAF3, resulting in stabilization and accumulation of the NFκB-inducing kinase (NIK). NIK phosphorylates and activates IKKα, which in turn phosphorylates p100, triggering p100 processing, and leading to the generation of p52 and the nuclear translocation of p52 and RELB^[2][3].

Reference:

[1]. Oeckinghaus A, et al. The NF-kappaB family of transcription factors and its regulation.Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2009 Oct;1(4):a000034.
[2]. Taniguchi K, et al. NF-κB, inflammation, immunity and cancer: coming of age. Nat Rev Immunol. 2018 May;18(5):309-324.
[3]. Perkins ND,et al. Integrating cell-signalling pathways with NF-kappaB and IKK function. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Jan;8(1):49-62.

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NF-κB

NF-κB

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Isoform Specific Products:

NF-κB Related Products (1057)

Antibodies (32)

NF-κB Signaling Pathway

NF-κB Isoform Comparison

NF-κB Related Products (1057):