1. Signaling Pathways
  2. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  3. Endogenous Metabolite

Endogenous Metabolite

Metabolite results when a drug is metabolized into a modified form which continues to produce effects. A metabolome in a given body fluid is influenced by endogenous factors such as age, sex, body composition and genetics as well as underlying pathologies.The levels of the enormous array of unique small-molecule metabolites are usually kept tightly regulated by the activity of a very large array of enzymes and transporters responsible for the production, transformation, degradation, and compartmentalization of these small molecules.The levels of the endogenous small molecules present in the brain are normally tightly regulated.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0717A
    D-Valine
    98.0%
    D-Valine is the enantiomer of L-Valine (HY-N0717). L-Valine is one of 20 proteinogenic amino acids. L-Valine is an essential amino acid.
    D-Valine
  • HY-103395S
    Methylmalonic acid-d3
    98.91%
    Methylmalonic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled Methylmalonic acid. Methylmalonic acid (Methylmalonate) is an indicator of Vitamin B-12 deficiency in cancer.
    Methylmalonic acid-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-13715C
    Norepinephrine tartrate
    99.96%
    Norepinephrine (Levarterenol; L-Noradrenaline) tartrate is a potent adrenergic receptor (AR) agonist. Norepinephrine tartrate activates α1, α2, β1 receptors.
    Norepinephrine tartrate
  • HY-N3018
    Isomaltose
    98.0%
    Isomaltose is composed of two glucose units and suitable as a non-cariogenic sucrose replacement and is favorable in products for diabetics and prediabetic dispositions.
    Isomaltose
  • HY-N6856
    4-Hydroxycoumarin
    99.96%
    4-Hydroxycoumarin is an orally active coumarin derivative, one of the most versatile heterocyclic scaffolds, often used in the synthesis of various organic compounds. 4-Hydroxycoumarin possesses both electrophilic and nucleophilic properties. 4-Hydroxycoumarin is an HIV protease inhibitor and tyrosine kinase inhibitor. 4-Hydroxycoumarin has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anti-tumor effects.
    4-Hydroxycoumarin
  • HY-113334
    Turanose
    99.91%
    Turanose is an isomer of Sucrose that naturally exists in honey. Turanose has anti-inflammatory and regulates adipogenesis effect. Turanose has potential for obesity and related chronic diseases research.
    Turanose
  • HY-113277
    3-Methyladipic acid
    98.0%
    3-Methyladipic acid is the final metabolite in the ω-oxidation pathway.
    3-Methyladipic acid
  • HY-Y0271S
    Urea-15N2
    ≥98.0%
    Urea-15N2 is the 15N-labeled Urea. Urea is a powerful protein denaturant via both direct and indirect mechanisms. A potent emollient and keratolytic agent. Used as a diuretic agent. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) has been utilized to evaluate renal function. Widely used in fertilizers as a source of nitrogen and is an important raw material for the chemical industry.
    Urea-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>2</sub>
  • HY-124265
    4β-Hydroxycholesterol
    Modulator 99.96%
    4β-hydroxy Cholesterol is a major oxysterol cholesterol metabolite and a precursor in the synthesis of bile acids that is found in human circulation.
    4β-Hydroxycholesterol
  • HY-B1804
    Tricaprilin
    98.0%
    Tricaprilin (Trioctanoin) is an orally active and well tolerated ketogenic agent that safely induces ketosis. Tricaprilin restores brain electrical activity and metabolism to help counteract neuroinflammation in migraine. Tricaprilin is promising for research of migraine prevention and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Tricaprilin is a pure C8 medium chain triglyceride (MCT).
    Tricaprilin
  • HY-108398B
    11(Z),14(Z),17(Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid
    99.30%
    11(Z),14(Z),17(Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid that can maintain the continued replication of functional mitochondria in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (KD115).
    11(Z),14(Z),17(Z)-Eicosatrienoic acid
  • HY-130413
    Protectin D1
    99.10%
    Protectin D1, a neuroprotectin D1 produced by neuronal cells, is a member of a newly discovered family of bioactive products derived from docosahexaenoic acid. Protectin D1 also serves as a specialized pro-resolving mediator, exhibiting effective in vivo pro-resolving activity in various human disease models. Additionally, Protectin D1 is an inhibitor of NALP3 inflammasomes and regulates the PI3K/AKT and HIF-1α signaling pathways. Protectin D1 exerts anti-inflammatory effects by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting the expression of NALP3, ASC, and Caspase-1, and consequently decreasing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Furthermore, Protectin D1 enhances miRNA-210 expression, activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, and exerts cardioprotective effects. Protectin D1 holds promise for research in cardiovascular diseases and inflammatory disorders.
    Protectin D1
  • HY-B2176S5
    ATP-15N5 dilithium
    99.0%
    ATP-15N5 (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate-15N5) dilithium is 15N labeled ATP (HY-B2176). ATP (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation.
    ATP-<sup>15</sup>N<sub>5</sub> dilithium
  • HY-129099A
    N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride
    99.93%
    N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride is the major metabolite of tamoxifen in humans. N-Desmethyltamoxifen, a poor antiestrogen, is a ten-fold more potent protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor than Tamoxifen. N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride is also a potent regulator of ceramide metabolism in human AML cells, limiting ceramide glycosylation, hydrolysis, and sphingosine phosphorylation.
    N-Desmethyltamoxifen hydrochloride
  • HY-113447
    11-Dehydrocorticosterone
    11-Dehydrocorticosterone is a endogenous corticosteroid. 11-Dehydrocorticosterone can be a source of transcriptionally active glucocorticoid in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. 11-Dehydrocorticosterone can increase SGK mRNA expression in cardiac fibroblast.
    11-Dehydrocorticosterone
  • HY-14596S
    Genistein-d4
    98.81%
    Genistein-d4 is the deuterium labeled Genistein. Genistein, a soy isoflavone, is a multiple tyrosine kinases (e.g., EGFR) inhibitor which acts as a chemotherapeutic agent against different types of cancer, mainly by altering apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and inhibiting metastasis.
    Genistein-d<sub>4</sub>
  • HY-P2875
    Hemicellulase
    Hemicellulase is a hemicellulose-targeting hydrolase that breaks down the binding of glucose and polymers to water molecules present in plant fibers. Hemicellulase specifically degrades hemicellulose (such as xylan and mannan) in plant cell walls by hydrolyzing β-1,4-xylosidic bonds and ester bonds (such as acetyl and ferulic acid ester bonds). Hemicellulase relies on the synergistic action of the glycoside hydrolase (GH) and carbohydrate esterase (CE) families to achieve efficient hydrolysis through acid-base catalysis (such as Glu/Asp residues) and substrate binding pockets. Hemicellulase can be used in the food industry (such as improving bread texture), biofuel production (lignocellulose pretreatment) and paper industry (biobleaching).
    Hemicellulase
  • HY-Y0337S4
    L-Cysteine-13C3
    99.90%
    L-Cysteine-13C3 is the 13C-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans.
    L-Cysteine-<sup>13</sup>C<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-N0324S2
    Cholic acid-13C
    99.17%
    Cholic acid-13C is the 13C-labeled Cholic acid. Cholic acid is a major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.
    Cholic acid-<sup>13</sup>C
  • HY-W005241
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid
    99.57%
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid is the main metabolite of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural (HMF) in the body and eliminated renally.
    5-Hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity